Abstract:
Solid biomass may be converted to hydrocarbons for use in renewable fuels uses by feeding biomass into a biomass conversion unit and pyrolyzing the biomass in the presence of a regenerated multi-functional catalyst. The regenerated multi-functional catalyst contains an acidic component, a basic component and a metallic component. The biomass is treated within the biomass conversion unit in at least two stages wherein at least one component of the regenerated multi-functional catalyst is fed into each of the stages.
Abstract:
A multi-functional catalyst for the conversion of biomass contains zeolite ZSM-5, zeolite USY, a metallic component, a basic material and a binder. The metallic component may be Cu, Ni, Cr, W, Mo, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal sulfide or a mixture thereof. The basic material may be an alkaline-exchanged zeolite or an alkaline earth-exchanged zeolite having from about 40 to about 75% of exchanged cationic sites.