公开(公告)号：US4153352A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-08

申请号：US904554

申请日：1978-05-10

申请人： Kurt Borowski ,  Friedrich Stumpf ,  Theodor Huber

发明人： Kurt Borowski ,  Friedrich Stumpf ,  Theodor Huber

IPC分类号： G03B7/085 ,  G03B21/36

CPC分类号： G03B7/085

摘要： Normally, the negative-feedback diaphragm control system of the motion-picture camera works off a through-the-lens photosensitive element. However, when an image fadeover is to be effected, the lower than normal-operation aperture size commanded for the diaphragm results in a decrease in the light incident on the through-the-lens photosensitive element creating problems if the diaphragm control system is to continue to respond to scene-light changes during the lower than normal-operation aperture-size situation. Accordingly, the through-the-lens photosensitive element is switched out of the control system, and a second photosensitive element is switched in. The second photosensitive element does not operate through-the-lens, but instead is positioned behind an auxiliary light attenuator the front of which is exposed to ambient scene light. The auxiliary light attenuator is coupled to the diaphragm and diaphragm-adjusting motor. When the second photosensitive element is switched in, also switched in is a corrective unit which redefines what the equilibrium state of the negative-feedback diaphragm control system is to be, to take into account the difference in light incident upon the second as opposed to the first photosensitive element.

摘要翻译： 通常，运动图像摄像机的负反馈光圈控制系统通过透镜感光元件工作。 然而，当要实现图像淡出时，为隔膜指令的低于正常操作的光圈大小导致入射到透镜感光元件上的光的减小，如果光阑控制系统要继续 在低于正常操作的光圈尺寸情况下响应场景光的变化。 因此，通过透镜的感光元件被切换出控制系统，并且第二感光元件被切换。第二感光元件不通过透镜操作，而是位于辅助光衰减器的后面 其前面暴露于环境场景光。 辅助光衰减器耦合到隔膜和隔膜调节电机。 当第二感光元件被接通时，也被切换的校正单元重新定义负反馈光阑控制系统的平衡状态是什么，考虑到与第二光敏元件相反的光的差异 第一感光元件。

公开(公告)号：US4313655A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-02

申请号：US28493

申请日：1979-04-09

申请人： August Hell ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Theodor Huber

发明人： August Hell ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Theodor Huber

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G01S7/497 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G03B3/00 ,  G03B3/10

CPC分类号： G01S7/497 ,  G02B7/32

摘要： A focussing system of the type which emits radiation from the camera towards the subject, with the radiation reflected from the subject being incident upon a receiving transducer generating an electrical signal from which focus-control information is derived. The emitted radiant-power level is automatically controlled in dependence upon camera-to-subject distance, preferably in dependence upon the power level of the reflected-back radiation incident upon the receiving transducer, even when the focus-control information required for primary system operation is independent of such power level. This makes possible various important improvements, including: automatic lowering of the emitted-power level in close-up contexts, especially where a danger of eye damage might exist; more generally, automatic matching of emitted-power level to the needs of the signal-processing circuitry, permitting signal-processing stages of narrower operative range to be employed on account of the narrower variations in power level of the signal produced by the receiving transducer; and lowered power consumption. Preferably, when a focussing operation is initiated, the emitted power level is initially low or zero and is progressively increased to an automatically selected value without overshoot.

摘要翻译： 这种类型的聚焦系统从照相机向被摄体发射辐射，其中从被摄体反射的辐射入射到产生电信号的接收换能器上，从该信号中导出聚焦控制信息。 发射的辐射功率电平根据照相机到被摄体的距离而自动控制，优选地依赖于入射到接收换能器上的反射辐射的功率电平，即使主要系统操作所需的聚焦控制信息 独立于这种功率级别。 这使得可能有各种重要的改进，包括：在特写情况下自动降低发射功率水平，特别是在可能存在眼睛损伤危险的地方; 更通常地，发射功率电平与信号处理电路的需要自动匹配，允许由于接收换能器产生的信号的功率电平的较窄变化而采用更窄的操作范围的信号处理级; 并降低功耗。 优选地，当开始聚焦操作时，所发射的功率电平初始为低或为零，并且逐渐增加到自动选择的值而没有过冲。

公开(公告)号：US4221474A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-09

申请号：US5091

申请日：1979-01-22

申请人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Theodor Huber

发明人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Theodor Huber

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G01C3/24 ,  G01D5/18 ,  G01D5/244 ,  G01D5/245 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G03B13/18

CPC分类号： G01C3/24 ,  G02B7/32

摘要： An infrared measuring beam is emitted from the camera towards the subject, and reflected back as a tiny light spot projected, by an optics which transversely shifts in dependence upon exposure-objective subject-distance setting, onto one, the other or both of two infrared photodiodes. The signals from the two photodiodes are transmitted in processed form to two output flip-flops through the intermediary of a single, shared signal-processing stage, employing time-division-multiplexed transmission of the two photodiode signals, to assure that the signal processing of the two photodiode output signals be as identical as possible.

摘要翻译： 红外测量光束从相机朝向被摄体发射，并且通过根据曝光目标对象距离设置而横向偏移的光学器件投射到一个微小光点上并反射回到另一个或两个红外线 光电二极管 来自两个光电二极管的信号通过采用时分多路传输两个光电二极管信号的单个共享信号处理级的中介，以处理形式传输到两个输出触发器，以确保信号处理 两个光电二极管输出信号尽可能相同。

公开(公告)号：US4200364A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-29

申请号：US928060

申请日：1978-07-26

申请人： Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Theodor Huber

发明人： Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Theodor Huber

IPC分类号： G03B19/18 ,  G03B7/095 ,  G03B7/08

CPC分类号： G03B7/095

摘要： A motion picture camera wherein the diaphragm is adjusted in automatic response to signals from two outputs of a digital comparator which receives a first set of signals during each revolution of the shutter at a frequency varying as a function of changes of shutter speed and of changes of scene brightness. The comparator further receives a set of reference signals from a digital selector circuit during normal operation of the camera or from a binary counter when the camera is set for making exposures with fade-in, fade-out or lap dissolve. The counter forms part of a program circuit.

摘要翻译： 一种动态影像摄像机，其中自动响应于来自数字比较器的两个输出的信号进行调节，该数字比较器在快门的每次旋转期间以随着快门速度的变化和变化的变化而变化的频率接收第一组信号 场景亮度 比较器进一步在摄像机的正常操作期间从数字选择器电路接收一组参考信号，或者当相机被设置为用于进行渐隐，淡出或叠加的曝光时，从二进制计数器接收一组参考信号。 计数器构成程序电路的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4338596A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-06

申请号：US112562

申请日：1980-01-14

申请人： Theodor Huber ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Gerhard Egger

发明人： Theodor Huber ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Gerhard Egger

IPC分类号： G03B17/18 ,  G03B43/00 ,  G08B21/00

CPC分类号： G03B43/00 ,  G03B17/18

摘要： When the battery voltage is sufficient, and not nearing the point of insufficiency, a light-emitting diode is steadily illuminated. As the battery voltage decreases, the steady component of illumination decreases and also, when the decrease has proceeded to a certain extent, a superimposed pulsating component of illumination is introduced, causing the illuminated LED to begin to flicker, informing the user that the battery voltage is nearing insufficient values. As battery voltage drops further, the steady component of illumination ceases altogether, and the flicker converts to on-off blinking, indicating that the battery voltage is at the verge of an insufficient value. When the battery voltage drops fruther, the LED ceases to be illuminated. During part or all of the flicker phase, and/or during part or all of the blinking phase, the frequency of the pulsating component of illumination progressively increases with decreasing battery voltage, to create an effect of increasing urgency. In addition, or alternatively, at a certain point during pulsating illumination the frequency of the pulsating component is abruptly increased, likewise to create an effect of urgency.

摘要翻译： 当电池电压足够且不接近不足点时，发光二极管稳定地点亮。 随着电池电压降低，照明的稳定分量减小，并且当减小进行到一定程度时，引入照明的叠加的脉动分量，导致照明的LED开始闪烁，通知用户电池电压 价值不足。 随着电池电压进一步下降，照明的稳定分量完全停止，闪烁转换为开关闪烁，表示电池电压处于不足的边缘。 当电池电压降低时，LED不再亮起。 在闪烁阶段的部分或全部期间和/或部分或全部闪烁阶段期间，随着电池电压降低，照明脉动分量的频率逐渐增加，从而产生增加紧急度的效果。 另外或者可选地，在脉动照明期间的某一点，脉动分量的频率突然增加，同样产生紧急效果。

公开(公告)号：US4211478A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-08

申请号：US898314

申请日：1978-04-19

申请人： Theodor Huber ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Gerhard Egger

发明人： Theodor Huber ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Gerhard Egger

IPC分类号： G03B17/18 ,  G03B43/00

CPC分类号： G03B43/00 ,  G03B17/18

摘要： When the battery voltage is sufficient, and not nearing the point of insufficiency, a light-emitting diode is steadily illuminated. As the battery voltage decreases, the steady component of illumination decreases and also, when the decrease has proceeded to a certain extent, a superimposed pulsating component of illumination is introduced, causing the illuminated LED to begin to flicker, informing the user that the battery voltage is nearing insufficient values. As battery voltage drops further, the steady component of illumination ceases altogether, and the flicker converts to on-off blinking, indicating that the battery voltage is at the verge of an insufficient value. When the battery voltage drops further, the LED ceases to be illuminated. During part or all of the flicker phase, and/or during part or all of the blinking phase, the frequency of the pulsating component of illumination progressively increases with decreasing battery voltage, to create an effect of increasing urgency. In addition, or alternatively, at a certain point during pulsating illumination the frequency of the pulsating component is abruptly increased, likewise to create an effect of urgency.

摘要翻译： 当电池电压足够且不接近不足点时，发光二极管稳定地点亮。 随着电池电压降低，照明的稳定分量减小，并且当减小进行到一定程度时，引入照明的叠加的脉动分量，导致照明的LED开始闪烁，通知用户电池电压 价值不足。 随着电池电压进一步下降，照明的稳定分量完全停止，闪烁转换为开关闪烁，表示电池电压处于不足的边缘。 当电池电压进一步下降时，LED不再亮起。 在闪烁阶段的部分或全部期间和/或部分或全部闪烁阶段期间，随着电池电压降低，照明脉动分量的频率逐渐增加，从而产生增加紧急度的效果。 另外或者可选地，在脉动照明期间的某一点，脉动分量的频率突然增加，同样产生紧急效果。

公开(公告)号：US4007467A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-08

申请号：US596054

申请日：1975-07-15

申请人： Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Dieter Knauer

发明人： Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Dieter Knauer

IPC分类号： G03B7/083 ,  G03B7/08

CPC分类号： G03B7/083

摘要： A light-sensitive element is connected to a capacitor to vary the charging rate of the capacitor in accordance with the light falling on the light-sensitive element. The emitter-collector circuit of a switching transistor is connected in series with the light-sensitive element. The base of the transistor is pulsed by an astable multivibrator which furnishes a pulse sequence having a pulse repetition rate which exceeds the reciprocal of the smallest exposure time. The pulses in the pulse sequence have a pulse width determined by the selected one of a plurality of resistors. The selector switch inserting the selected one of the resistors into the astable multivibrator circuit is coupled to selector means which select one of a plurality of exposure factors as for example the aperture size. The electronic switch is conductive, permitting charging of the capacitor only during the pulse duration. The charging rate of the capacitor can therefore be adapted to the particular aperture size, film sensitivity, etc. without changing the capacitance of the capacitor or covering a portion of the light-sensitive element.

摘要翻译： 光敏元件连接到电容器以根据落在光敏元件上的光来改变电容器的充电速率。 开关晶体管的发射极 - 集电极电路与光敏元件串联连接。 晶体管的基极由不稳定的多谐振荡器脉冲，其提供具有超过最小曝光时间的倒数的脉冲重复率的脉冲序列。 脉冲序列中的脉冲具有由多个电阻器中的所选择的电阻器确定的脉冲宽度。 将所选择的一个电阻器插入到非稳态多谐振荡器电路中的选择器开关耦合到选择器装置，其选择多个曝光因子中的一个，例如孔径尺寸。 电子开关是导通的，只允许在脉冲持续时间内对电容充电。 因此，电容器的充电速率可以适应于特定孔径尺寸，膜敏感性等，而不改变电容器的电容或覆盖光敏元件的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4273428A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-16

申请号：US32902

申请日：1979-04-24

申请人： Kurt Borowski ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Istvan Cocron

发明人： Kurt Borowski ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Istvan Cocron

IPC分类号： G03B7/16 ,  G03B17/18 ,  G03B7/093

CPC分类号： G03B7/16

摘要： A first pulse train whose pulse repetition frequency varies in dependence upon scene light, and a second pulse train whose pulse repetition frequency does not vary in dependence upon scene light, are counted by digital counting circuitry, and a terminate-exposure signal is produced when the digital counting circuitry reaches a predetermined count. The second pulse train serves to establish an upper permissible limit for the duration of the exposure to be performed.

摘要翻译： 脉冲重复频率根据场景光而变化的第一脉冲串，并且脉冲重复频率根据场景光不变化的第二脉冲串由数字计数电路计数，当产生终止曝光信号时，产生终止曝光信号 数字计数电路达到预定计数。 第二脉冲串用于建立要执行的曝光持续时间的允许上限。

公开(公告)号：US4230400A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-28

申请号：US964736

申请日：1978-11-29

申请人： Richard Wick ,  Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Karl Wagner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

发明人： Richard Wick ,  Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Karl Wagner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

IPC分类号： G03B7/08 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G03B13/36 ,  G03B17/20 ,  G03B19/02 ,  G03B7/081 ,  G03B7/099 ,  G03B13/18

CPC分类号： G02B7/32 ,  G03B17/20

摘要： A focussing system emits an infrared light beam towards the subject, the reflected beam passing through an infrared filter and being projected by a spot optics as a small spot onto a pair of photosensitive elements. The spot optics shifts in a plane normal to the camera's optical axis in dependence upon rotation of the camera's focussing ring, to vary the distribution of the reflected beam onto the two elements, the distribution being equal between them when the state of focus is correct. A circuit derives, from the output signals of the two photosensitive elements, a state-of-focus signal used to automatically focus or else to indicate to the user the direction in which he should manually adjust focus. When focussing is finished, the photosensitive elements are disconnected from the focussing circuitry and connected to the camera's exposure-control circuitry, to thereby serve a dual function. The infrared filter moves out of the light path of the photosensitive elements. The spot optics is moved out of the light path of the photosensitive elements, so that for exposure control a larger light field can be established, or else an auxiliary optics moves into the light path to enlarge the light field in that manner.

摘要翻译： 聚焦系统朝向被摄体发射红外光束，反射光束通过红外滤光器并被作为小光点的光点投影到一对感光元件上。 光点光学根据照相机聚焦环的旋转垂直于相机光轴的平面移动，以便将反射光束分布在两个元件上，当焦点状态正确时，它们之间的分布相等。 电路从两个感光元件的输出信号中得出用于自动对焦的聚焦信号，或者向用户指示他应该手动调整焦点的方向。 当聚焦完成时，感光元件与聚焦电路断开并连接到相机的曝光控制电路，从而起到双重作用。 红外线滤光片移出光敏元件的光路。 点光学元件被移出光敏元件的光路，使得为了曝光控制可以建立更大的光场，或者辅助光学元件移动到光路中以便以这种方式放大光场。

公开(公告)号：US3958256A

公开(公告)日：1976-05-18

申请号：US517842

申请日：1974-10-24

申请人： Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski

发明人： Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski

IPC分类号： G03B7/089 ,  G03B7/083 ,  G03B7/087 ,  G03B9/62 ,  G03B7/08

CPC分类号： G03B7/083

摘要： A single light-sensitive element serves to furnish a signal for setting the aperture prior to the exposure time and to control the exposure time. Prior to the exposure time a first and second threshold stage furnish a first and second threshold output signal respectively when the light is in a first and second predetermined range. The first and second threshold output signals are applied to the control input of a first and second D flip-flop. The output of the D flip-flop varies as a function of the signal at the control input only in the presence of a gating signal. The gating signals are applied to the D flip-flops only prior to the exposure time. The outputs of the first and second D flip-flops are applied to an exclusive OR-circuit whose output is applied to aperture control means which vary the size of the aperture in dependence on the logic circuit output signal. The D flip-flop maintains its output after removal of the gating signal thereby maintaining the aperture size during exposure. A switch operative with the diaphragm aperture control switches integrating circuit elements corresponding to the aperture size into the automatic exposure control circuit of the camera during exposure.