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1.发明授权Photographic camera with focussing system which time-multiplexes the signals from plural photodetectors 失效具有聚焦系统的照相机，其对来自多个光电检测器的信号进行时间复用
公开(公告)号：US4221474A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-09
申请号：US5091
申请日：1979-01-22
摘要： An infrared measuring beam is emitted from the camera towards the subject, and reflected back as a tiny light spot projected, by an optics which transversely shifts in dependence upon exposure-objective subject-distance setting, onto one, the other or both of two infrared photodiodes. The signals from the two photodiodes are transmitted in processed form to two output flip-flops through the intermediary of a single, shared signal-processing stage, employing time-division-multiplexed transmission of the two photodiode signals, to assure that the signal processing of the two photodiode output signals be as identical as possible.
摘要翻译： 红外测量光束从相机朝向被摄体发射，并且通过根据曝光目标对象距离设置而横向偏移的光学器件投射到一个微小光点上并反射回到另一个或两个红外线 光电二极管 来自两个光电二极管的信号通过采用时分多路传输两个光电二极管信号的单个共享信号处理级的中介，以处理形式传输到两个输出触发器，以确保信号处理 两个光电二极管输出信号尽可能相同。
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2.发明授权Digital exposure-duration control circuit with upper limit on exposure duration 失效数字曝光持续时间控制电路，曝光时间上限
公开(公告)号：US4273428A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-16
申请号：US32902
申请日：1979-04-24
申请人： Kurt Borowski , Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
发明人： Kurt Borowski , Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
CPC分类号： G03B7/16
摘要： A first pulse train whose pulse repetition frequency varies in dependence upon scene light, and a second pulse train whose pulse repetition frequency does not vary in dependence upon scene light, are counted by digital counting circuitry, and a terminate-exposure signal is produced when the digital counting circuitry reaches a predetermined count. The second pulse train serves to establish an upper permissible limit for the duration of the exposure to be performed.
摘要翻译： 脉冲重复频率根据场景光而变化的第一脉冲串，并且脉冲重复频率根据场景光不变化的第二脉冲串由数字计数电路计数，当产生终止曝光信号时，产生终止曝光信号 数字计数电路达到预定计数。 第二脉冲串用于建立要执行的曝光持续时间的允许上限。
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公开(公告)号：US4216418A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US904559
申请日：1978-05-10
申请人： Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
发明人： Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
CPC分类号： G03B19/18 , H02P23/22 , H02P7/291 , Y10S388/912
摘要： A semiconductor switch connected in the motor current path is controlled by a clocked flip-flop having a switch-ON and a switch-OFF state, capable of changing states only in response to a clock pulse. RPM is selected by establishing the initial count on a downwards counter having a carryover output at which a carryover signal appears when zero count is reached. A first higher-frequency pulse train is counted by the counter. A second lower-frequency train of set pulses has a repetition frequency dependent upon motor speed. The leading end of each set pulse starts the counter counting. An unclocked flip-flop responds to the carryover signal by assuming a motor-speed-too-low state. The clocked flip-flop when clocked responds to the state of the unclocked flip-flop. The trailing flank of the set pulse clocks the clocked flip-flop so that the latter can respond to the state of the unclocked flip-flop and slightly thereafter sets the unclocked flip-flop to the motor-speed-too-high state. Thus, at the time when the clocked flip-flop responds to state of the unclocked flip-flop, the latter is in the speed-too-low state only if the carryover signal was produced before the trailing end of the set pulse.
摘要翻译： 连接在电动机电流路径中的半导体开关由具有开关导通和关断状态的时钟触发器控制，能够仅响应于时钟脉冲而改变状态。 通过在具有携带输出的向下计数器上建立初始计数来选择RPM，当达到零计数时，进位转移信号出现在其中。 第一个高频脉冲串由计数器计数。 设定脉冲的第二低频列具有取决于电机速度的重复频率。 每个设定脉冲的前端开始计数。 假设电机速度太低的状态，非锁定触发器响应进位信号。 时钟触发器时钟响应未锁定的触发器的状态。 设定脉冲的后端将时钟触发器时钟，使后者可以响应未闭锁的触发器的状态，稍后将非锁定触发器设置为电机速度过高状态。 因此，当时钟触发器响应于未闭锁触发器的状态时，后者仅在在设置脉冲的尾端之前产生进位信号时才处于速度太低状态。
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4.发明授权Photographic-camera focussing system with comparator receiving required-and actual-setting data 失效具有比较器的摄像机聚焦系统接收需要和实际设置的数据
公开(公告)号：US4214824A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US3809
申请日：1979-01-16
申请人： Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
发明人： Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
CPC分类号： G02B7/30
摘要： A photographic camera has an exposure objective and a focus adjuster device for changing the subject-distance setting of the exposure objective, as well as a transducer generating actual-setting signals dependent upon the setting of the focus adjuster device. An evaluating circuit, operative for ascertaining camera-to-subject distance on one basis or another, produces digital required-setting signals, expressed using a first encoding scheme, whereas the actual-setting signals generated by the aforementioned transducer are expressed using a different, second encoding scheme. The actual-setting signals are applied to the first input of a comparator stage, whose second input receives a transformed version of the required-setting signals, transformed from the first to the second encoding scheme, i.e., so that the comparator can compare, in a direct and simple way, the actual-setting signals and required-setting signals against each other with both signals expressed in accordance with one and the same encoding scheme. The output signals produced by the comparator control indicator which informs the user of the direction in which the manual focus adjuster of the camera should be moved to improve the camera's state of focus, and/or control the energization of an electric motor or other electromagnetic positioning device operative for controlling the setting of the focus adjusting device.
摘要翻译： 照相机具有用于改变曝光目标的被摄体距离设置的曝光目标和焦点调节装置，以及根据聚焦调节装置的设置产生实际设定信号的换能器。 用于确定基于一个或多个摄像机对被摄体距离的评估电路产生使用第一编码方案表示的数字需要设置信号，而由上述传感器产生的实际设置信号是使用不同的， 第二编码方案。 实际设置信号被施加到比较器级的第一输入端，比较器级的第二输入接收从第一编码方案变换到第二编码方案的所需设置信号的变换版本，即比较器可以 一种直接和简单的方式，实际设置信号和所需设置信号彼此具有根据同一编码方案表示的两个信号。 由比较器控制指示器产生的输出信号，其通知用户应该移动照相机的手动对焦调节器的方向以改善照相机的聚焦状态，和/或控制电动机或其它电磁定位的通电 用于控制聚焦调节装置的设置的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4354747A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US242104
申请日：1981-03-09
CPC分类号： H03K3/0375 , G03B7/0807 , Y10T307/878 , Y10T307/904 , Y10T307/944 , Y10T307/977
摘要： A digital circuit is described for controlling functions of a camera wherein the circuit is powered by a potential source which is connected to the circuit through a relay actuated switch. The circuit employs a plurality of D-flip flops to regulate functions such as film transport and opening and closing of the camera shutter as a function of the light intensity of the scene being photographed. A reset signal generator is used to provide stable and reliable control over the starting condition of the flip flops and render the circuit insensitive to voltage transients as may occur from contact bounce effects at the relay actuated switch. The reset signal generator employs an inverter delay chain to provide like reset pulses when such contact bounce occurs. Various control features are described.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于控制照相机功能的数字电路，其中电路由通过继电器驱动的开关连接到电路的电位源供电。 电路采用多个D触发器来调节诸如胶片传送和照相机快门的打开和关闭的功能，作为拍摄场景的光强度的函数。 复位信号发生器用于提供对触发器的起始状态的稳定和可靠的控制，并且使电路对电压瞬变敏感，这可能是由于在继电器致动的开关处的接触反弹效应所发生的。 当发生接触反弹时，复位信号发生器采用逆变器延迟链来提供类似的复位脉冲。 描述各种控制特征。
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公开(公告)号：US4230400A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-28
申请号：US964736
申请日：1978-11-29
申请人： Richard Wick , Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Karl Wagner , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Gunter Fauth
发明人： Richard Wick , Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Karl Wagner , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Gunter Fauth
摘要： A focussing system emits an infrared light beam towards the subject, the reflected beam passing through an infrared filter and being projected by a spot optics as a small spot onto a pair of photosensitive elements. The spot optics shifts in a plane normal to the camera's optical axis in dependence upon rotation of the camera's focussing ring, to vary the distribution of the reflected beam onto the two elements, the distribution being equal between them when the state of focus is correct. A circuit derives, from the output signals of the two photosensitive elements, a state-of-focus signal used to automatically focus or else to indicate to the user the direction in which he should manually adjust focus. When focussing is finished, the photosensitive elements are disconnected from the focussing circuitry and connected to the camera's exposure-control circuitry, to thereby serve a dual function. The infrared filter moves out of the light path of the photosensitive elements. The spot optics is moved out of the light path of the photosensitive elements, so that for exposure control a larger light field can be established, or else an auxiliary optics moves into the light path to enlarge the light field in that manner.
摘要翻译： 聚焦系统朝向被摄体发射红外光束，反射光束通过红外滤光器并被作为小光点的光点投影到一对感光元件上。 光点光学根据照相机聚焦环的旋转垂直于相机光轴的平面移动，以便将反射光束分布在两个元件上，当焦点状态正确时，它们之间的分布相等。 电路从两个感光元件的输出信号中得出用于自动对焦的聚焦信号，或者向用户指示他应该手动调整焦点的方向。 当聚焦完成时，感光元件与聚焦电路断开并连接到相机的曝光控制电路，从而起到双重作用。 红外线滤光片移出光敏元件的光路。 点光学元件被移出光敏元件的光路，使得为了曝光控制可以建立更大的光场，或者辅助光学元件移动到光路中以便以这种方式放大光场。
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公开(公告)号：US4200364A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US928060
申请日：1978-07-26
申请人： Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
发明人： Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
CPC分类号： G03B7/095
摘要： A motion picture camera wherein the diaphragm is adjusted in automatic response to signals from two outputs of a digital comparator which receives a first set of signals during each revolution of the shutter at a frequency varying as a function of changes of shutter speed and of changes of scene brightness. The comparator further receives a set of reference signals from a digital selector circuit during normal operation of the camera or from a binary counter when the camera is set for making exposures with fade-in, fade-out or lap dissolve. The counter forms part of a program circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种动态影像摄像机，其中自动响应于来自数字比较器的两个输出的信号进行调节，该数字比较器在快门的每次旋转期间以随着快门速度的变化和变化的变化而变化的频率接收第一组信号 场景亮度 比较器进一步在摄像机的正常操作期间从数字选择器电路接收一组参考信号，或者当相机被设置为用于进行渐隐，淡出或叠加的曝光时，从二进制计数器接收一组参考信号。 计数器构成程序电路的一部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4313655A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-02
申请号：US28493
申请日：1979-04-09
申请人： August Hell , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
发明人： August Hell , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
摘要： A focussing system of the type which emits radiation from the camera towards the subject, with the radiation reflected from the subject being incident upon a receiving transducer generating an electrical signal from which focus-control information is derived. The emitted radiant-power level is automatically controlled in dependence upon camera-to-subject distance, preferably in dependence upon the power level of the reflected-back radiation incident upon the receiving transducer, even when the focus-control information required for primary system operation is independent of such power level. This makes possible various important improvements, including: automatic lowering of the emitted-power level in close-up contexts, especially where a danger of eye damage might exist; more generally, automatic matching of emitted-power level to the needs of the signal-processing circuitry, permitting signal-processing stages of narrower operative range to be employed on account of the narrower variations in power level of the signal produced by the receiving transducer; and lowered power consumption. Preferably, when a focussing operation is initiated, the emitted power level is initially low or zero and is progressively increased to an automatically selected value without overshoot.
摘要翻译： 这种类型的聚焦系统从照相机向被摄体发射辐射，其中从被摄体反射的辐射入射到产生电信号的接收换能器上，从该信号中导出聚焦控制信息。 发射的辐射功率电平根据照相机到被摄体的距离而自动控制，优选地依赖于入射到接收换能器上的反射辐射的功率电平，即使主要系统操作所需的聚焦控制信息 独立于这种功率级别。 这使得可能有各种重要的改进，包括：在特写情况下自动降低发射功率水平，特别是在可能存在眼睛损伤危险的地方; 更通常地，发射功率电平与信号处理电路的需要自动匹配，允许由于接收换能器产生的信号的功率电平的较窄变化而采用更窄的操作范围的信号处理级; 并降低功耗。 优选地，当开始聚焦操作时，所发射的功率电平初始为低或为零，并且逐渐增加到自动选择的值而没有过冲。
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公开(公告)号：US4344686A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-17
申请号：US133127
申请日：1980-03-24
申请人： Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Istvan Cocron
发明人： Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Istvan Cocron
摘要： A photographic still or motion-picture camera has a viewfinder and a manually moved focus adjuster, such as a focussing ring. When the user peers into the viewfinder, there is a visible indication of the direction in which the focus adjuster should be manually moved to reduce the state-of-focus error, for example two curved illuminated errors, one pointing clockwise and the other counterclockwise, only one of which lights up to indicate the direction in which the focussing ring should be manually turned. When the state-of-focus error has been reduced to zero or a minimum, this is likewise indicated, for example because neither curved arrow is illuminated. To control the activation of the indicating elements, use can be made of components of a conventional completely automatic focussing system, but minus the adjusting motor of such system and minus superfluous motor-energization control circuitry. In this way, the user is provided a simple and unequivocal guide when manually focussing, without the cost, complexity, bulkiness and power consumption of a complete automatic focussing system including an adjusting motor and motor-energization control circuitry.
摘要翻译： 照相静止或动态相机具有取景器和手动移动的焦点调节器，例如聚焦环。 当用户对准取景器时，存在可以手动移动聚焦调节器的方向的可见指示，以减少聚焦误差，例如两个弯曲的发光错误，一个指向顺时针方向，另一个指向逆时针方向， 只有其中一个亮起来指示聚焦环手动转动的方向。 当聚焦误差已经降低到零或最小时，这同样被指示，例如因为没有弯曲的箭头被照亮。 为了控制指示元件的激活，可以使用常规的全自动聚焦系统的部件，但是减去这种系统的调节电机和减去多余的电动机通电控制电路。 以这种方式，在手动聚焦的情况下，向用户提供简单而明确的指导，而无需包括调节电机和电动机通电控制电路的完整自动聚焦系统的成本，复杂性，蓬松性和功耗。
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公开(公告)号：US4251143A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-17
申请号：US959875
申请日：1978-11-13
申请人： Otto Stemme , Istvan Cocron , Peter Lermann
发明人： Otto Stemme , Istvan Cocron , Peter Lermann
摘要： A camera includes a viewfinder, an objective and a manually operated focus adjuster. An optical system located in the path of incoming image light splits the incoming image light beam into two component beams projected into respective first and second focal planes. First and second planar arrays of photosensitive elements are located in respective first and second photodetector planes. When the objective is correctly focussed and then defocussed in a first direction, the sharpness of the image on the first array increases and that on the other decreases; if the objective is defocussed in the opposite direction, the opposite occurs. A comparator has two outputs, connected to the elements of the first and second arrays via respective first and second circuit branches. Each circuit branch includes at least one subtractor producing an absolute-value output signal independent of the polarity of the difference between the input signals applied thereto. The subtractor inputs are connected to the outputs of respective elements of the respective one of the two arrays. The comparator output signal controls an indication, visible in the camera viewfinder, informing the user of the direction in which he should manually move the focus adjuster to improve the state of focus.
摘要翻译： 相机包括取景器，物镜和手动调焦器。 位于输入图像光路径中的光学系统将入射的图像光束分解成投影到相应的第一和第二焦平面中的两个分量光束。 感光元件的第一和第二平面阵列位于相应的第一和第二光电检测器平面中。 当目标被正确地聚焦，然后在第一方向上聚焦时，第一阵列上的图像的清晰度增加，另一方降低; 如果目标在相反的方向散焦，则发生相反的情况。 比较器具有两个输出，经由相应的第一和第二电路分支连接到第一和第二阵列的元件。 每个电路分支包括至少一个减法器，产生与施加到其上的输入信号之间的差异的极性无关的绝对值输出信号。 减法器输入连接到两个阵列中的相应一个的相应元件的输出。 比较器输出信号控制相机取景器中可见的指示，通知用户手动移动对焦调节器的方向以改善对焦状态。
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