公开(公告)号：US20110079734A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-07

申请号：US12895655

申请日：2010-09-30

申请人： Lee GRODZINS ,  William L. Adams ,  Paul Estabrooks

发明人： Lee GRODZINS ,  William L. Adams ,  Paul Estabrooks

IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N23/223

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01N21/63 ,  G01N21/718 ,  G01N2201/0221 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： Methods and apparatus for analyzing a test sample using complementary techniques, such as x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES), are disclosed for registering two or more test instruments, in relation to the test sample, such that each of the instruments analyzes substantially the same region as is analyzed by the other instrument(s), and for communicating analytical results between or among the instruments, or between the instruments and another component, to enable one or more of the instruments, or the other component, to combine the results and, thereby, more completely and accurately determine the composition of the test sample. Such registration and communication enables, for example, separate XRF and OES instruments to collectively determine the composition of the test sample, including the absolute amounts of light and heavy elements in the test material.

摘要翻译： 公开了使用诸如x射线荧光（XRF）和光发射光谱（OES）之类的互补技术来分析测试样品的方法和装置，用于相对于测试样品登记两个或更多个测试仪器， 仪器基本上与其他仪器分析的区域进行分析，并且在仪器之间或仪器之间或仪器与另一组件之间传达分析结果，以使一个或多个仪器或其他组件 ，以结合结果，从而更完全和准确地确定测试样品的组成。 这种注册和通信使得例如分离的XRF和OES仪器可以共同确定测试样品的组成，包括测试材料中的轻质和重元素的绝对量。

公开(公告)号：US20110142200A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-16

申请号：US13035116

申请日：2011-02-25

申请人： Stanislaw PIOREK ,  Mark HAMILTON ,  Kenneth P. MARTIN ,  Pratheev SREETHARAN ,  Michael E. DUGAS ,  Paul ESTABROOKS ,  Lee GRODZINS

发明人： Stanislaw PIOREK ,  Mark HAMILTON ,  Kenneth P. MARTIN ,  Pratheev SREETHARAN ,  Michael E. DUGAS ,  Paul ESTABROOKS ,  Lee GRODZINS

IPC分类号： G01N23/223

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： A hand-held, self-contained x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer produces a small x-ray spot on a sample to interrogate the elemental composition of a sample region of millimeter-size characteristic dimension. The analyzer includes a collimator for aiming an x-ray beam toward a desired location on the sample and for determining the size of the spot produced on the sample. The analyzer may include a digital camera oriented toward the portion of the sample that is, or would be, interrogated by the x-ray spot to facilitate aiming the analyzer. The analyzer may generate a reticule in a displayed image to indicate the portion of the sample that is, or would be, illuminated by the x-ray beam. The analyzer may automatically annotate the image of the sample with text or graphics that contain information about the analyzed sample. The image may be stored in the hand-held analyzer or provided for external storage or display.

摘要翻译： 手持式独立的X射线荧光（XRF）分析仪在样品上产生小的x射线斑点，以询问毫米尺寸特征尺寸的样品区域的元素组成。 分析仪包括准直器，用于将X射线束朝向样品上的期望位置，并用于确定样品上产生的斑点的尺寸。 分析器可以包括朝向被X射线点或将要被X射线点询问以便于瞄准分析器的样本部分的数字照相机。 分析器可以在所显示的图像中生成网状物，以指示样本的X射线束照射的部分或者被X射线束照射的部分。 分析仪可以使用包含有关分析样本信息的文本或图形自动注释样品图像。 图像可以存储在手持式分析仪中或提供用于外部存储或显示。

公开(公告)号：US20090274268A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-05

申请号：US12433569

申请日：2009-04-30

申请人： Lee GRODZINS

发明人： Lee GRODZINS

IPC分类号： G01N23/223

CPC分类号： A61B6/583 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/485 ,  A61B6/505 ,  G01N2223/076 ,  G01N2223/6123

摘要： Methods for in vivo measurement of lead or other trace elements in bone by x-ray fluorescence (XRF) without independent measurement of underlying tissue thickness are disclosed. In one method, the lead concentration is calculated based on the intensity of a first characteristic fluoresced peak and a function having as an argument the intensity ratio of first and second characteristic fluoresced peaks, with at least one parameter of the function being empirically determined by measurements of calibration phantoms having differing thicknesses of tissue surrogate material. In another method, the lead concentration is measured by estimating tissue thickness based on the intensity of the Compton scattering peak, or ratio of Compton/Rayleigh intensities, and the intensity of a characteristic fluoresced x-ray peak corrected for attenuation by tissue of the estimated thickness. Also disclosed is a method for determining the calcium concentration and density of bone based on XRF spectrum data.

摘要翻译： 公开了通过x射线荧光（XRF）体内测量骨中的铅或其他微量元素而不独立测量下面的组织厚度的方法。 在一种方法中，基于第一特征荧光峰的强度和作为第一和第二特征荧光峰的强度比作为参数的函数来计算铅浓度，其中该函数的至少一个参数由经度由测量 的校准体模具有不同厚度的组织替代材料。 在另一种方法中，通过基于康普顿散射峰的强度或康普顿/瑞利强度的比例估计组织厚度，以及通过组织校正的特征荧光x射线峰值的强度来测量铅浓度。 厚度。 还公开了基于XRF光谱数据确定骨的钙浓度和密度的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20120257716A1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-11

申请号：US13529471

申请日：2012-06-21

申请人： Lee GRODZINS

发明人： Lee GRODZINS

IPC分类号： G01N23/223

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for localizing an element of interest in a sample by comparing XRF spectra acquired from at least two distinct but overlapping inspection volumes. The inspection volumes are varied by changing the geometry of the exciting x-ray and/or fluoresced x-ray beam(s), which may be accomplished by repositioning multi-apertured collimators. Comparison of the XRF spectra acquired from different inspection volumes provides an indication as to whether the element of interest (e.g., lead) is present in a coating layer, in the underlying bulk material, or in both.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过比较从至少两个不同但重叠的检查体积获取的XRF光谱来定位样品中感兴趣的元件的装置和方法。 通过改变激发的x射线和/或荧光X射线束的几何形状来改变检查体积，这可以通过重新定位多孔准直器来实现。 从不同检查体积获得的XRF光谱的比较提供关于感兴趣的元素（例如，铅）是否存在于涂层中，潜在的散装材料中或两者中的指示。

公开(公告)号：US20100278303A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-04

申请号：US12771646

申请日：2010-04-30

申请人： Lee GRODZINS

发明人： Lee GRODZINS

IPC分类号： G01N23/223

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for localizing an element of interest in a sample by comparing XRF spectra acquired from at least two distinct but overlapping inspection volumes. The inspection volumes are varied by changing the geometry of the exciting x-ray and/or fluoresced x-ray beam(s), which may be accomplished by repositioning multi-apertured collimators. Comparison of the XRF spectra acquired from different inspection volumes provides an indication as to whether the element of interest (e.g., lead) is present in a coating layer, in the underlying bulk material, or in both.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过比较从至少两个不同但重叠的检查体积获取的XRF光谱来定位样品中感兴趣的元件的装置和方法。 通过改变激发的x射线和/或荧光X射线束的几何形状来改变检查体积，这可以通过重新定位多孔准直器来实现。 从不同检查体积获得的XRF光谱的比较提供关于感兴趣的元素（例如，铅）是否存在于涂层中，潜在的散装材料中或两者中的指示。

公开(公告)号：US20100150307A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-17

申请号：US12636453

申请日：2009-12-11

申请人： Lee GRODZINS

发明人： Lee GRODZINS

IPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01T1/36

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076 ,  G01T1/00

摘要： A method of operating an x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer to automatically suppress sum-peaks is disclosed. The method includes irradiating a sample to acquire an initial energy spectrum. The energy spectrum is processed to identify a sum-peak that interferes with a characteristic fluoresced peak of an element of interest. A filter is positioned in the emitted radiation path to attenuate radiation that contributes to the identified sum-peak, and a filtered energy spectrum is acquired. In certain embodiments, the filtered energy spectrum is acquired only when a limit of detection (LOD) of an element of interest calculated from the initial energy spectrum does not satisfy a targeted objective.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种操作X射线荧光（XRF）分析仪来自动抑制和峰的方法。 该方法包括照射样品以获得初始能谱。 处理能谱以识别干扰感兴趣元素的特征荧光峰的和峰。 滤波器位于所发射的辐射路径中以衰减有助于所识别的和峰的辐射，并且获得滤波后的能谱。 在某些实施方案中，只有当从初始能谱计算的感兴趣元素的检测限（LOD）不满足目标目标时，才能获得经滤波的能谱。

公开(公告)号：US20130099125A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-25

申请号：US12372058

申请日：2009-02-17

申请人： Lee GRODZINS

发明人： Lee GRODZINS

IPC分类号： G01T3/06 ,  G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T3/06 ,  G01T1/2008

摘要： A thermal neutron monitor includes at least one neutron scintillator sheet interposed between light guides. Scintillation light emitted in opposite transverse directions is captured by the light guides and conveyed to a common detector. The sandwiched geometry of the monitor avoids the need to provide multiple detectors and permits construction of a relatively inexpensive, compact monitor.

摘要翻译： 热中子监测器包括介于光导之间的至少一个中子闪烁体片。 在相反的横向上发射的闪烁光被光导捕获并传送到公共检测器。 显示器的夹层几何形状避免了提供多个检测器的需要，并允许构建相对便宜且紧凑的监视器。

公开(公告)号：US20100189215A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-29

申请号：US12726306

申请日：2010-03-17

申请人： Lee GRODZINS ,  John Pesce

发明人： Lee GRODZINS ,  John Pesce

IPC分类号： G01N23/223

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： A method, instrument, and computer program software product for characterizing a sample with respect to the presence of a specified element, either as a constituent of a surface layer or of the bulk of the sample. Intensities of fluorescent emission at two characteristic emission lines are compared to establish whether the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample. In the case where the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample, an areal density of the specified element is determined, whereas in the case where the specified element is disposed within the bulk of the sample, a volumetric concentration of the specified element within the sample is determined.

摘要翻译： 用于表征样品相对于指定元素的存在的方法，仪器和计算机程序软件产品，作为表面层或样品的主体的组成部分。 比较两个特征发射线处的荧光发射强度，以确定指定元素是否位于样品的大部分之上。 在将特定元素设置在样本体上方的情况下，确定特定元素的面密度，而在将特定元素设置在样本体内的情况下，指定元素的体积浓度 在样品内确定。