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1.发明授权Parallel, multi-unit, adaptive, nonlinear pattern class separator and identifier 失效并行，多单元，自适应，非线性模式类分离器和标识符
公开(公告)号：US5054093A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US179427
申请日：1988-04-08
CPC分类号： G06K9/6292
摘要： A system for separating and identifying classes of patterns or events which are not necessarily linearly separable. During a training process of the system, new prototypes are created when prior stored prototypes fail to properly classify an input pattern, and previously stored prototypes are modified when an input pattern falls within the sphere of influence of a prototype associated with a different class than the input pattern.
摘要翻译： 用于分离和识别不一定是线性可分离的模式或事件类别的系统。 在系统的训练过程中，当先前存储的原型不能正确地分类输入模式时，创建新的原型，并且当输入模式落入与不同类别的原型相关联的原型的影响范围内时，先前存储的原型被修改 输入模式
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2.发明授权Parallel, multi-unit, adaptive, nonlinear pattern class separator and identifier 失效并行，多单元，自适应，非线性模式类分离器和标识符
公开(公告)号：US4760604A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-26
申请号：US775144
申请日：1985-09-12
CPC分类号： G06K9/6292 , G06K9/6274
摘要： A system is disclosed for separating and identifying classes of patterns or events which are not necessarily linearly separable. The patterns are represented by an input signal S. The system comprises (1) a plurality of classification units, connected in parallel to receive the input signal S, and (2) a class selection device, responsive to the output signals produced by the classification units, for producing a single output response R representing the class of each respective pattern. In a preferred embodiment each classification unit includes a pattern feature encoding device, responsive to the input signal S, for producing an intermediate signal F.sub.i representative of the features contained in the pattern, and a pattern classifier, responsive to the signal F.sub.i, for producing an output signal R.sub.i representative of the respective class of the pattern, as identified by the features encoded by the feature encoding device.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于分离和识别不一定是线性可分离的模式或事件的类别的系统。 这些模式由输入信号S表示。系统包括（1）并行连接以接收输入信号S的多个分类单元，以及（2）类选择装置，响应于分类产生的输出信号 单元，用于产生表示每个相应模式的类别的单个输出响应R. 在优选实施例中，每个分类单元包括响应于输入信号S的图案特征编码设备，用于产生表示图案中包含的特征的中间信号Fi，以及响应于信号Fi的模式分类器，用于产生 输出信号Ri表示由特征编码装置编码的特征所识别的图案的相应类别。
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公开(公告)号：US4319331A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-09
申请号：US116034
申请日：1980-01-28
申请人： Charles Elbaum , Leon N. Cooper
发明人： Charles Elbaum , Leon N. Cooper
CPC分类号： G06F3/042 , G06K9/2054 , G06K2209/01
摘要： A curve follower or line tracing system for converting the common representation of patterns of lines into features which are readily usable as inputs to an adaptive information processing system such as a Nestor adaptive module. The problem addressed by this system is how to sequentially identify, from a global exposure or tracing of a curve, the starting and subsequent points of the curve in the same manner as tracing it by hand. In the curve follower, an array of light sensitive elements located on a grid identify a line at the grid points. Since the end point of the line has a single neighbor, it is readily located. The identification of an end point is used to subsequently inhibit further identification of the end point and create another point which is similar identified. Overall biases may be employed to define a preferred line direction. Once the resulting sequence is obtained, the line may be coded.
摘要翻译： 用于将线的图案的公共表示转换成易于用作诸如Nestor自适应模块的自适应信息处理系统的输入的特征的曲线跟随器或线描迹系统。 该系统解决的问题是如何从全局曝光或曲线追踪中顺序识别曲线的起始点和后续点，就像用手动跟踪曲线一样。 在曲线跟随器中，位于网格上的光敏元件阵列识别网格点处的线。 由于线路的终点有单个邻居，所以它很容易就位。 终点的识别用于随后禁止对终点的进一步识别，并产生类似识别的另一点。 可以采用总体偏差来定义优选的线方向。 一旦获得了所得到的序列，可以对该行进行编码。
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4.发明授权Parallel, multi-unit, adaptive pattern classification system using inter-unit correlations and an intra-unit class separator methodology 失效并行，多单元，自适应模式分类系统使用单位间相关性和单位内分类方法
公开(公告)号：US4958375A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-18
申请号：US156830
申请日：1988-02-17
CPC分类号： G06K9/6292
摘要： A system is disclosed for separating and identifying classes of patterns or events which are not necessarily linearly separable. The patterns are represented by an input signal S. The system comprises (1) a plurality of classification units, connected in parallel to receive the input signal S and (2) a class selection device, responsive to the output signals produced by the classification units, for producing a single output response R representing the class of each respective pattern. At least some of the pattern classification units include generalizer units having a memory for storing a number of generalizer "prototypes" and a comparator for comparing the vector location of an input pattern with each of the generalizer prototypes.
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公开(公告)号：US4254474A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-03
申请号：US63071
申请日：1979-08-02
申请人： Leon N. Cooper , Charles Elbaum
发明人： Leon N. Cooper , Charles Elbaum
CPC分类号： G06K9/6274 , G06F17/10 , G06N3/063
摘要： An adaptive information processing system includes input terminals adapted to receive N input signals s.sub.1, s.sub.2, . . . s.sub.N representing an "input"; output terminals adapted to present n output responses r.sub.1, R.sub.2, . . . r.sub.n representing a "response"; and information processing apparatus, connecting the input with the output terminals, and operative to carry out the processing steps required to "map" different inputs into responses in accordance with a particular passive modification algorithm. This algorithm permits the recognition of unknown inputs and separates inputs which are in different classes but which are originally close to one another.
摘要翻译： 自适应信息处理系统包括适于接收N个输入信号s1，s2的输入端。 。 。 sN代表“输入”; 输出端子，适于呈现n个输出响应r1，R2，...。 。 。 rn代表“回应”; 以及信息处理装置，其将输入端与输出端子连接，并且可操作以执行根据特定的被动修改算法将不同的输入“映射”为响应所需的处理步骤。 该算法允许识别未知输入并分离不同类别但最初彼此接近的输入。
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公开(公告)号：US3950733A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-13
申请号：US477080
申请日：1974-06-06
申请人： Leon N. Cooper , Charles Elbaum
发明人： Leon N. Cooper , Charles Elbaum
IPC分类号： G06K9/66 , G06F7/02 , G06F15/18 , G06K9/62 , G06N3/063 , G06N3/08 , G06N99/00 , G06T7/00 , G05B13/02 , G06G7/12
CPC分类号： G06K9/6232 , G06F7/023 , G06N3/0635
摘要： An adaptive information processing system includes a module, called a Nestor module, having a plurality (N) of input terminals 1, 2 . . . , j . . . , N, adapted to receive N input signals s.sub.1, s.sub.2 . . . , s.sub.j . . . , S.sub.N, respectively, and a plurality (n) of output terminals 1, 2 . . . , i . . . , n, adapted to present n output responses r.sub.1, r.sub.2 . . . , r.sub.i . . . , r.sub.n, respectively. A plurality of junction elements, called mnemonders, couple various ones (or a multiplicity) of the input terminals with various ones (or a multiplicity) of the output terminals. These mnemonders provide a transfer of information from an input terminal j to an output terminal i in dependence upon the signal s.sub.j appearing at the input terminal j and upon the mnemonder transfer function A.sub.ij. Means are provided for modifying the transfer function A.sub.ij of the mnemonders in dependence upon the product of at least one of the input signals and one of the output responses of the Nestor module. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modification to the transfer function of each mnemonder takes the form: ##EQU1## WHERE .eta. IS A CONSTANT OF PROPORTIONALITY.
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公开(公告)号：US4326259A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-20
申请号：US134571
申请日：1980-03-27
CPC分类号： G06K9/6274
摘要： A system is provided for the separation into and the indentification of classes of events wherein each of the events is represented by a signal vector comprising the signals s, s.sub.z . . . , s.sub.j . . . , s.sub.N. The system comprises a plurality of assemblies, each of the assemblies including a matrix of junction elements for respectively receiving as inputs the different respective signals of a vector. The junction elements provide a transfer of information A.sub.ij s,; i.e., the product of the transfer function of the element and the signal input applied thereto. The information transferred by the junction elements is summed in each assembly. In the training mode of operation information summed in each assembly is applied to a scalar multiplier and the resulting information is in turn applied to a threshold stage which is actuated to produce an output if the input applied thereto attains a prescribed value. Concurrently, the summed outputs of the junction elements are fed back to these elements to modify their transfer functions. The outputs of the threshold stages are finally processed for identification of the classes of events.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种系统，用于分离和识别事件类别，其中每个事件由包括信号s，sz的信号向量表示。 的。 的。 ，sj 的。 的。 ，sN。 该系统包括多个组件，每个组件包括用于分别接收矢量的不同相应信号作为输入的结元件的矩阵。 交汇点提供了信息的转移。 即元件的传递函数和施加到其上的信号输入的乘积。 连接元件传送的信息在每个装配中相加。 在每个组合中相加的操作信息的训练模式被应用于标量乘法器，并且所得到的信息又被施加到阈值级，如果所施加的输入达到规定值，则被激活以产生输出。 同时，将连接元件的相加输出反馈到这些元件以修改其传递函数。 阈值级的输出终于被处理以识别事件类别。
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公开(公告)号：US4044243A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-23
申请号：US707995
申请日：1976-07-23
申请人： Leon N. Cooper , Charles Elbaum
发明人： Leon N. Cooper , Charles Elbaum
摘要： A digital adaptive information processing system which executes the algorithm described in our U.S. Pat. No. 3,950,733 issued April 13, 1976. The system includes a digital input register adapted to receive and store N numbers s.sub.1, s.sub.2, . . . s.sub.N representing an input signal; a digital output register adapted to receive and store n numbers r.sub.1, r.sub.2, . . . r.sub.n representing an output response; and digital information processing apparatus, connecting the input register with the output register, and operative to carry out the processing steps required to "map" the numbers stored in the input register into numbers placed in storage in the output register in accordance with the aforementioned algorithm.
摘要翻译： 一种数字自适应信息处理系统，其执行在美国专利No. 1976年4月13日授权的3,950,733号。该系统包括适于接收和存储N个数字s1，s2的数字输入寄存器。 。 。 sN表示输入信号; 数字输出寄存器，适于接收和存储n个数字r1，r2，...。 。 。 rn表示输出响应; 以及数字信息处理装置，其将输入寄存器与输出寄存器连接，并且可操作以根据上述算法执行将存储在输入寄存器中的数字映射到存储在输出寄存器中的数字所需的处理步骤 。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07289388B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-30
申请号：US10559741
申请日：2004-06-08
申请人： Nathan Intrator , Leon N. Cooper , Nicola Neretti
发明人： Nathan Intrator , Leon N. Cooper , Nicola Neretti
CPC分类号： G01S7/52004 , G01S15/10
摘要： A system and method for estimating the SNR in a sonar environment and for determining the effect of the estimated SNR on sonar ranging accuracy. The system includes a sensor, a transmitter, a receiver, a plurality of band-pass filters, a cross correlator, and a data analyzer. The transmitter transmits a first signal having a predetermined frequency range through a transmission medium. The sensor generates a second signal corresponding to an echo signal reflected from an object. The first and second signals are provided to the band-pass filters, each operative to pass a respective sub-band of frequencies. The filters provide filtered versions of the first and second signals to the cross correlator, which performs cross correlation operations on the filtered signals. A data analyzer analyzes the cross correlator output data to determine the variability of cross correlation peaks within each frequency sub-band, thereby allowing more accurate SNR estimations in noisy environments.
摘要翻译： 一种用于估计声纳环境中的SNR并用于确定估计的SNR对声纳测距精度的影响的系统和方法。 该系统包括传感器，发射器，接收器，多个带通滤波器，互相关器和数据分析器。 发射机通过传输介质发送具有预定频率范围的第一信号。 传感器产生对应于从对象反射的回波信号的第二信号。 第一和第二信号被提供给带通滤波器，每个滤波器可操作以通过相应的频带子带。 滤波器将第一和第二信号的滤波器提供给交叉相关器，其对经滤波的信号执行互相关操作。 数据分析仪分析交叉相关器输出数据以确定每个频率子带内互相关峰值的变化，从而允许在嘈杂环境中进行更准确的SNR估计。
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10.发明授权Apparatus and method for performing the time delay estimation of signals propagating through an environment 失效对通过环境传播的信号执行时间延迟估计的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07363177B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-22
申请号：US10567887
申请日：2004-08-05
申请人： Nathan Intrator , Ki-o Kim , Nicola Neretti , Leon N. Cooper
发明人： Nathan Intrator , Ki-o Kim , Nicola Neretti , Leon N. Cooper
IPC分类号： G01R29/02
CPC分类号： G01S7/5273 , G01V1/28 , H04L67/125
摘要： A system and method for increasing the accuracy of time delay estimates of signals propagating through an environment. The system includes one or more sensors for receiving a plurality of signals, and a time delay estimator for measuring time delays between multiple pairs of signals. At least some of the multiple pairs of signals are received and measured at different points in time. The system further includes a data analyzer for analyzing time delay estimation data, for generating a statistical distribution of time delay estimates from the data, and for calculating a statistical estimate of time delay from the distribution. By increasing the number of signals employed by the system, the accuracy of the time delay estimation is increased. Further, by calculating the median or the mode of the statistical distribution, noise tolerance is improved.
摘要翻译： 一种用于增加通过环境传播的信号的时间延迟估计的精度的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于接收多个信号的一个或多个传感器，以及用于测量多对信号之间的时间延迟的时间延迟估计器。 在不同的时间点接收和测量多对信号中的至少一些。 该系统还包括用于分析时间延迟估计数据的数据分析器，用于从数据生成时间延迟估计的统计分布，以及用于从分布计算时间延迟的统计估计。 通过增加系统采用的信号数量，可以提高时间延迟估计的精度。 此外，通过计算统计分布的中值或模式，提高了噪声容限。
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