公开(公告)号：US20050175870A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-11

申请号：US11057656

申请日：2005-02-14

申请人： Mark Hagan ,  Matthew Dorson ,  Lawrence Clawson ,  Michael Leshchiner

发明人： Mark Hagan ,  Matthew Dorson ,  Lawrence Clawson ,  Michael Leshchiner

IPC分类号： F24H1/00 ,  F02G5/02 ,  F25B27/02 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/04067 ,  F02G5/02 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y02E20/14 ,  Y02T10/166

摘要： Interconnection layouts are described that are particularly effective in the construction of a steam reformer/fuel cell combination for providing domestic heat and/or hot water as well as electricity. A distinguishing feature of the interconnections is that they use strategically placed heat exchangers that permit the operator to optimize the efficiency of operation of the integrated system, and provide a higher efficiency at optimum operation compared to prior art designs. Combinations of reformer/fuel cell systems with conventional furnaces or boilers are also described.

摘要翻译： 描述了在构建用于提供家用热和/或热水以及电力的蒸汽重整器/燃料电池组合中特别有效的互连布局。 互连的一个突出特点是它们采用了策略性放置的热交换器，允许操作者优化集成系统的运行效率，并且与现有技术设计相比，在最佳操作时提供更高的效率。 还描述了重整器/燃料电池系统与常规炉或锅炉的组合。

公开(公告)号：US20070009774A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-11

申请号：US11176691

申请日：2005-07-07

申请人： Lawrence Clawson ,  Mark Hagan

发明人： Lawrence Clawson ,  Mark Hagan

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M2250/407 ,  Y02E60/563

摘要： The efficiency of a combination reformer/fuel cell system is significantly improved by recapturing the energy value of heat generated in the fuel cell and producing additional power. The cooling water from the fuel cell is mixed, entirely or in part, with sufficient or excess compressed air, and at least partially evaporates in the compressed air. The air is at least sufficient to support the oxidative reactions in the fuel cell and also to serve as oxidant in a burner that provides heat to reform fuel/steam mixtures into hydrogen-containing reformate. This air/steam mixture, after leaving the fuel cell, is further heated by heat exchange with the reformats stream and reformate-producing modules, and with the exhaust stream of the burner. The steam/air mixture is injected into the burner, optionally after superheating in the burner exhaust, and is reacted with fuel in the burner. The burner exhaust may be used to provide heat to a fuel reforming reaction. The high-temperature burner exhaust may also be used to drive an expander, preferably a turbine, at a location in the system which is downstream of the burner, but in which the exhaust is at a high temperature so as to run the turbine efficiently. The turbine recovers heat energy from the fuel cell as mechanical energy, typically in excess of the energy required to run a compressor, because of the addition of steam to the compressed air. Moreover, system heat removal elements, such as radiators, as well as overall system size and cost, can be markedly reduced for a given level of output.

摘要翻译： 通过重新获得在燃料电池中产生的热量的能量值并产生额外的功率，组合重整器/燃料电池系统的效率显着提高。 来自燃料电池的冷却水全部或部分地与足够的或过量的压缩空气混合，并且在压缩空气中至少部分蒸发。 空气至少足以支持燃料电池中的氧化反应，并且还用作燃烧器中的氧化剂，燃烧器提供热量以将燃料/蒸气混合物重整成含氢重整产物。 在离开燃料电池之后，该空气/蒸汽混合物通过与重整塔流和重整产生模块的热交换以及燃烧器的排气流进一步加热。 将蒸气/空气混合物注入燃烧器中，任选地在燃烧器排气中过热后，与燃烧器中的燃料反应。 燃烧器排气可以用于向燃料重整反应提供热量。 高温燃烧器排气也可以用于在燃烧器下游的系统中的一个位置处驱动膨胀机，优选涡轮机，其中排气处于高温，以有效地运行涡轮机。 由于向压缩空气中加入蒸汽，涡轮机以机械能（通常超过运行压缩机所需的能量）恢复来自燃料电池的热能。 此外，对于给定的输出水平，系统除热元件（例如散热器）以及总体系统尺寸和成本可以显着降低。

公开(公告)号：US20080060855A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：US11897968

申请日：2007-08-31

申请人： Mark Hagan

发明人： Mark Hagan

IPC分类号： G06F3/041

CPC分类号： B43L1/006 ,  B43L3/005 ,  B43L3/008 ,  B63C11/26 ,  B63C11/52

摘要： An underwater writing and drawing tablet that stretches a length of waterproof (plastic) vellum between two rollers over a flat surface thereby enabling the user to easily draw or write on said vellum and permanently save the drawing and writing.

摘要翻译： 一种水平书写和绘图板，其在两个辊之间在平坦表面上延伸一段防水（塑料）牛皮纸，从而使用户能够容易地在所述小牛皮上绘制或书写，并永久地保存绘图和书写。

公开(公告)号：US20080057485A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-06

申请号：US11899258

申请日：2007-09-04

申请人： Mark Hagan

发明人： Mark Hagan

IPC分类号： B43L1/00

CPC分类号： B43L1/006 ,  B43L3/005 ,  B43L3/008 ,  B63C11/02 ,  B63C11/26

摘要： A writing or drawing tablet that is suitable for use in an underwater or any extreme environment is provided. A length of waterproof (plastic) vellum is stretched between two rollers over a flat surface thereby enabling the user to easily draw or write on the vellum to save the drawing and writing.

摘要翻译： 提供适用于水下或任何极端环境的书写或绘图板。 防水（塑料）牛皮纸的长度在两个辊子之间在平坦表面上拉伸，从而使用户能够容易地在牛皮纸上绘制或书写以节省绘图和书写。

公开(公告)号：US20060022065A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-02

申请号：US10533369

申请日：2003-11-03

申请人： Mark Hagan ,  Darryl Pollica ,  Ware Fuller ,  Shane Magner

发明人： Mark Hagan ,  Darryl Pollica ,  Ware Fuller ,  Shane Magner

IPC分类号： F02M45/10

CPC分类号： B01J4/002 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J19/0006 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  C01B3/583 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/147 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0668

摘要： Several air inputs are typically required in removal of carbon monoxide from a fuel reformate, particularly when using the reformate in a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell. Control can be greatly simplified by distributing the air or oxygen among the inlets in a fixed ratio using a fixed dimension flow path, such as sized orifices, conduits, and the like, and selecting the total oxygen input to the system based on the operating state of the system and its operating map.

摘要翻译： 从燃料重整产品中去除一氧化碳通常需要几个空气输入，特别是在PEM（聚合物电解质膜）燃料电池中使用重整油时。 通过使用诸如尺寸的孔，导管等的固定尺寸的流路以固定比例在入口之间分配空气或氧气，并且基于操作状态选择对系统的总氧输入，可以大大简化控制 的系统及其操作图。