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公开(公告)号：US07434407B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US10820654
申请日：2004-04-08
IPC分类号： F25B9/00
CPC分类号： F17C1/00 , F17C2201/0133 , F17C2201/032 , F17C2201/056 , F17C2201/058 , F17C2205/0111 , F17C2221/012 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2223/033 , F17C2227/0341 , F17C2227/0386 , F17C2260/033 , F17C2270/0168 , F17C2270/0171 , F17C2270/0178 , F25B9/10 , F25B9/145 , F25B2309/1408 , F25B2309/1413 , F25B2309/1415 , F25B2309/14241 , F25D19/006 , Y02E60/321
摘要： A hydrogen storage and delivery system is provided having an orifice pulse tube refrigerator and a liquid hydrogen storage vessel. A cooling system, coupled to the orifice pulse tube refrigerator, cools the vessel and abates ambient heat transfer thereto in order to maintain the liquid hydrogen in the vessel at or below its saturation temperature. Hydrogen boil-off, and the necessity to provide continuous venting of vaporized hydrogen are minimized or avoided. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage vessel has a toroidal shape, and the pulse tube refrigerator is a two stage pulse tube refrigerator and extends within a central void space defined at the geometric center of the toroidal storage vessel. Also in a preferred embodiment, the cooling system includes first and second thermal jackets, each having a substantially toroidal shape and enclosing the storage vessel, wherein each of the thermal jackets is thermally coupled to one of the first or second stages of the pulse tube refrigerator in order to cool the vessel and to abate ambient heat leak thereto. The hydrogen storage and delivery system is particularly suitable for use in vehicles, such as passenger automobiles.
摘要翻译： 提供具有孔口脉冲管制冷器和液体氢存储容器的储氢和输送系统。 耦合到孔口脉冲管制冷器的冷却系统冷却容器并减轻其周围的热传递，以将容器中的液态氢保持在其饱和温度或低于其饱和温度。 氢气沸腾，并且必须提供持续排放蒸发的氢气是最小化或避免的。 在优选实施例中，储氢容器具有环形形状，并且脉冲管制冷器是两级脉冲管制冷器，并且在限定在环形储存容器的几何中心的中心空隙空间内延伸。 同样在优选实施例中，冷却系统包括第一和第二热套，每个具有基本上环形的形状并且包围存储容器，其中每个热套都被热耦合到脉冲管冰箱的第一或第二阶段之一 以便冷却容器并消除其周围的热泄漏。 氢气储存和输送系统特别适用于诸如客车的车辆。
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公开(公告)号：US20080314050A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-25
申请号：US12198147
申请日：2008-08-26
CPC分类号： F17C1/00 , F17C2201/0133 , F17C2201/032 , F17C2201/056 , F17C2201/058 , F17C2205/0111 , F17C2221/012 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2223/033 , F17C2227/0341 , F17C2227/0386 , F17C2260/033 , F17C2270/0168 , F17C2270/0171 , F17C2270/0178 , F25B9/10 , F25B9/145 , F25B2309/1408 , F25B2309/1413 , F25B2309/1415 , F25B2309/14241 , F25D19/006 , Y02E60/321
摘要： A hydrogen storage and delivery system is provided having an orifice pulse tube refrigerator and a liquid hydrogen storage vessel. A cooling system, coupled to the orifice pulse tube refrigerator, cools the vessel and abates ambient heat transfer thereto in order to maintain the liquid hydrogen in the vessel at or below its saturation temperature. Hydrogen boil-off, and the necessity to provide continuous venting of vaporized hydrogen are minimized or avoided. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage vessel has a toroidal shape, and the pulse tube refrigerator is a two stage pulse tube refrigerator and extends within a central void space defined at the geometric center of the toroidal storage vessel. Also in a preferred embodiment, the cooling system includes first and second thermal jackets, each having a substantially toroidal shape and enclosing the storage vessel, wherein each of the thermal jackets is thermally coupled to one of the first or second stages of the pulse tube refrigerator in order to cool the vessel and to abate ambient heat leak thereto. The hydrogen storage and delivery system is particularly suitable for use in vehicles, such as passenger automobiles.
摘要翻译： 提供具有孔口脉冲管制冷器和液体氢存储容器的储氢和输送系统。 耦合到孔口脉冲管制冷器的冷却系统冷却容器并减轻其周围的热传递，以将容器中的液态氢保持在其饱和温度或低于其饱和温度。 氢气沸腾，并且必须提供持续排放蒸发的氢气是最小化或避免的。 在优选实施例中，储氢容器具有环形形状，并且脉冲管制冷器是两级脉冲管制冷器，并且在限定在环形储存容器的几何中心的中心空隙空间内延伸。 同样在优选实施例中，冷却系统包括第一和第二热套，每个具有基本上环形的形状并且包围存储容器，其中每个热套均热连接到脉冲管冰箱的第一或第二阶段之一 以便冷却容器并消除其周围的热泄漏。 氢气储存和输送系统特别适用于诸如客车的车辆。
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公开(公告)号：US08807382B1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-19
申请号：US12752543
申请日：2010-04-01
IPC分类号： F17C1/12
CPC分类号： F17C13/001 , F17C2201/0109 , F17C2201/054 , F17C2201/056 , F17C2203/032 , F17C2203/0337 , F17C2203/0358 , F17C2203/0391 , F17C2203/0643 , F17C2203/0646 , F17C2203/0663 , F17C2205/0305 , F17C2205/0382 , F17C2205/0394 , F17C2221/012 , F17C2221/017 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2223/033 , F17C2260/012 , F17C2260/033 , F17C2270/0194 , F17C2270/0197 , Y02E60/321
摘要： A storage system useful for storing cryogenic liquids is disclosed. The storage system includes a storage vessel, insulation surrounding the storage vessel and a flexible vacuum jacket enclosing them both. The flexible vacuum jacket can be made from a flexible plastic film such as polyimide. Polyimide is preferred due to its ability to remain flexible at cryogenic temperatures. The inner volume of the flexible vacuum jacket is placed under vacuum such that the insulation is maintained under vacuum. The flexible vacuum jacket can collapse against and conform to the insulation when it is evacuated, saving substantially on volume. A fitting for combining multiple passageways is also disclosed, so that multiple passageways can proceed through the vacuum jacket through a single penetration.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于储存低温液体的储存系统。 存储系统包括存储容器，围绕存储容器的绝缘体和包围它们的柔性真空护套。 柔性真空护套可以由诸如聚酰亚胺之类的柔性塑料膜制成。 聚酰亚胺是优选的，因为其在低温下保持柔性。 将柔性真空套管的内部容积置于真空下，使绝缘体保持在真空下。 当真空抽真空时，柔性真空套可以折叠并与绝缘体相符，从而大大节省体积。 还公开了用于组合多个通道的配件，使得多个通道可以通过单个穿透进入真空护套。
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公开(公告)号：US08739620B1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-03
申请号：US12860394
申请日：2010-08-20
IPC分类号： G01F23/00
CPC分类号： G01F23/00
摘要： A sensor assembly includes a main body, a sensor, and a filler. The main body includes an outer surface having a continuously-variable radius of curvature in at least one portion. A sensor in thermal communication with a region of that surface having relatively low radius of curvature is disposed in the assembly recessed from the outer surface. Liquid droplets adhered to the outer surface in this region tend to migrate to a distant location having a higher radius of curvature. The main body has low thermal conductivity. The filler has a relatively higher thermal conductivity and, in embodiments, fills an opening in the outer surface of the main body, providing a thermally-conductive pathway between the sensor and the surrounding environment via the opening. A probe having a plurality of such sensors, and methods of detecting the presence of liquid and phase transitions in a predetermined space are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 传感器组件包括主体，传感器和填充物。 主体包括在至少一部分中具有连续可变的曲率半径的外表面。 与该表面的具有相对低曲率半径的区域热连通的传感器设置在从外表面凹入的组件中。 附着在该区域外表面的液滴倾向于迁移到具有较高曲率半径的远处。 主体导热系数低。 填充物具有相对较高的导热性，并且在实施例中填充主体的外表面中的开口，通过开口在传感器和周围环境之间提供导热通路。 还公开了一种具有多个这种传感器的探针，以及检测在预定空间中存在液体和相变的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07043925B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US10466379
申请日：2002-01-17
申请人： Mark S. Haberbusch
发明人： Mark S. Haberbusch
CPC分类号： F25B9/145 , B64G1/402 , F02G1/043 , F02G2243/54 , F17C5/04 , F17C13/008 , F25B9/10 , F25B2309/003 , F25B2309/1403 , F25B2309/1411 , F25B2309/1423 , F25B2309/1424 , F25D19/006
摘要： A densifier (10) for simultaneously densifying two cryogenic liquids at different temperatures is provided. The densifier (10) has a thermoacoustic heat engine (20), a resonance tube (18) and a two stage pulse tube refrigerator (40). The thermoacoustic heat engine (20) generates oscillatory acoustical power required to generate net refrigeration power in the two-stage pulse tube refrigerator (40). The first stage (100) densifies a first cryogenic liquid to a first cryogenic temperature, and the second stage (200) densifies a second cryogenic liquid to a second, lower cryogenic temperature. The thermoacoustic heat engine (20) converts thermal energy to the oscillatory acoustical power required to generate net refrigeration in the first (100) and second (200) stages of the pulse tube refrigerator (40). No mechanical energy input is required, and therefore the invented densifier (10) has no moving parts.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于在不同温度下同时致密化两种低温液体的致密器（10）。 致密器（10）具有热声热引擎（20），共振管（18）和两级脉冲管制冷器（40）。 热声热发动机（20）产生在两级脉冲管式冰箱（40）中产生净制冷功率所需的振荡声功率。 第一阶段（100）将第一低温液体致密化为第一低温温度，第二阶段（200）将第二低温液体致密化为第二低温低温。 热声热发动机（20）将热能转换成脉冲管制冷器（40）的第一（100）和第二（200）级产生净制冷所需的振荡声功率。 不需要机械能量输入，因此本发明的增密器（10）没有运动部件。
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公开(公告)号：US06431750B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09460816
申请日：1999-12-14
IPC分类号： G01K700
摘要： A lightweight elongate flexible temperature probe includes several temperature sensors embedded inside multiple layers of a thin film polyimide or polyester in which two of the layers are thin film copper etched to form conductors to the sensors. The conductors are in abutting electrical contact with the sensors.
摘要翻译： 轻量级的细长柔性温度探头包括嵌入在多层薄膜聚酰亚胺或聚酯中的多个温度传感器，其中两层被蚀刻成薄膜铜，以形成传感器的导体。 导体与传感器抵接电接触。
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