公开(公告)号：US4540432A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-10

申请号：US577952

申请日：1984-02-08

申请人： Martin Hirsch ,  Peter Fischer ,  Harry Serbent

发明人： Martin Hirsch ,  Peter Fischer ,  Harry Serbent

IPC分类号： C21B13/00 ,  C21B13/08 ,  C21B11/08

CPC分类号： C21B13/085 ,  C21B13/0013 ,  Y02P10/136

摘要： The melting operation is carried out in an elongated horizontal reactor, in which sponge iron is charged onto the molten material in an intermediate region of the reactor, carbonaceous fuel and high-oxygen gases are blown into the molten material and slag and sponge iron are tapped at opposite ends of the reactor. To permit an economical melting of sponge iron having a large particle size range with the aid of virtually only solid carbonaceous fuels, the sponge iron is charged into the reactor in an intermediate region of 20 to 40% of the total length of the reactor, fine-grained carbonaceous fuel and high-oxygen gas are blown into the molten material from below in that region, the rates of oxygen and carbon are so controlled that a molten iron containing 1 to 3% carbon is produced, the remaining carbon contained in the molten material is reacted in the melt to produce CO, and the remaining energy required in the process is produced in that the CO and hydrogen are virtually completely burnt above the molten material as a result of a supply of oxygen-containing gases into the free space of the reactor.

摘要翻译： 熔化操作在细长的水平反应器中进行，其中将海绵铁装入反应器中间区域的熔融材料上，将含碳燃料和高氧气体吹入熔融材料中，并将炉渣和海绵铁轻敲 在反应器的相对端。 为了允许经济地熔化具有大粒度范围的海绵铁，仅借助固体碳质燃料，将海绵铁以反应器总长度的20至40％的中间区域装入反应器中 在该区域从下方将熔融碳质燃料和高氧气从熔融材料吹入熔融材料中，氧气和碳的速率被控制，使得产生含有1至3％碳的铁水，所述熔融物中包含的剩余碳 材料在熔体中反应以产生CO，并且在该过程中所需的剩余能量的产生是由于将CO和氢气实际上完全燃烧在熔融材料上方，这是由于含氧气体供应到熔融材料的自由空间 反应堆。

公开(公告)号：US4444568A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-24

申请号：US362266

申请日：1982-03-26

申请人： Hans Beisswenger ,  Georg Daradimos ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Harry Serbent

发明人： Hans Beisswenger ,  Georg Daradimos ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Harry Serbent

IPC分类号： C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/84 ,  F23C10/00 ,  F23C10/10

CPC分类号： C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10K1/08 ,  F23C10/005 ,  F23C10/10 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  F23C2206/101

摘要： In a process of simultaneously producing fuel gas and process heat from carbonaceous materials wherein the carbonaceous materials are gasified in a first fluidized bed stage and the combustible constituents left after the gasification are subsequently burnt in a second fluidized bed stage the throughput rate and the flexibility are increased in that the gasification is carried out at a pressure of up to 5 bars and a temperature of 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C. by a treatment with oxygen-containing gases in the presence of steam in a circulating fluidized bed and 40 to 80% of the carbon contained in the starting material are thus reacted. Sulfur compounds are removed from the resulting gas in a fluidized state at a temperature in the range from 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. and the gas is then cooled and subjected to dust collection. The gasification residue together with the by-products which have become available in the purification of the gas, such as laden desulfurizing agent, dust and aqueous condensate, are fed to another circulating fluidized bed and the remaining combustible constituents are burnt there with an oxygen excess of 5 to 40%.

摘要翻译： 在同时生产燃料气体和来自含碳材料的工艺热的过程中，其中碳质材料在第一流化床阶段气化，并且在气化之后留下的可燃组分随后在第二流化床阶段中燃烧，生产率和柔性是 增加了在循环流化床中在蒸汽存在下用含氧气体处理，在高达5巴的压力和800至1100℃的温度下进行气化，并且40-80％ 的原料中所含的碳因此反应。 在800〜1000℃的温度下，以流化状态从所得气体中除去硫化合物，然后将气体冷却并进行集尘。 将气化残余物与在净化气体中可获得的副产物（如负载脱硫剂，灰尘和含水冷凝物）一起进料到另一个循环流化床中，剩余的可燃成分在那里燃烧，过氧 为5〜40％。

公开(公告)号：US4551172A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-05

申请号：US638912

申请日：1984-08-08

申请人： Lothar Formanek ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Harry Serbent ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche ,  Heribert Koenig ,  Gero Rath

发明人： Lothar Formanek ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Harry Serbent ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche ,  Heribert Koenig ,  Gero Rath

IPC分类号： C21B11/00 ,  C21B7/00 ,  C21B11/10 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/14 ,  F27D17/00 ,  C21C5/52

CPC分类号： C21B13/14 ,  F27D17/004 ,  Y10S75/958

摘要： Sponge iron is produced by a direct reduction with solid carbonaceous reducing agents. In order to permit a melting of the sponge iron, particularly of that part thereof which is inferior in metallurgical properties, in a process which is as simple and economical as possible, the exhaust gas from the direct reduction process is used to produce electrical energy, which is supplied to the electric reducing furnace, and sponge iron at a rate corresponding to the electrical energy that is produced is charged to the electrical reducing furnace and comprises at least part of the sponge iron which is inferior in metallurgical properties.

摘要翻译： 通过用固体碳质还原剂直接还原生产海绵铁。 为了允许在尽可能简单和经济的方法中熔融海绵铁，特别是其冶金性能差的那部分，使用来自直接还原工艺的废气来产生电能， 将其供给到电还原炉中，并且以与产生的电能相对应的速率将海绵铁装入电还原炉中，并且包括至少部分冶金特性差的海绵铁。

公开(公告)号：US4443250A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-17

申请号：US417958

申请日：1982-09-14

申请人： Kurt Meyer ,  Lothar Reh ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent

发明人： Kurt Meyer ,  Lothar Reh ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent

IPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  C21B13/14

CPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  C21B13/146

摘要： Fine-grained material which contains iron oxide is prereduced in a fluidized bed and is subsequently completely reduced in a rotary kiln. In order to avoid agglomeration and incrustation in the rotary kiln, the prereduction is carried out to effect a metallization of 50 to 80%.

摘要翻译： 含有氧化铁的细粒材料在流化床中被还原，随后在回转窑中完全还原。 为了避免回转窑中的团聚和结垢，进行预还原以实现50〜80％的金属化。

公开(公告)号：US4806158A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-21

申请号：US80303

申请日：1987-07-31

申请人： Martin Hirsch ,  Fritz Rose ,  Harry Serbent

发明人： Martin Hirsch ,  Fritz Rose ,  Harry Serbent

IPC分类号： C21B13/00 ,  C21B13/14

CPC分类号： C21B13/0033 ,  C21B13/14 ,  Y02P10/122 ,  Y02P10/126 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/216

摘要： Disclosed is a process for the production of reduced iron oxide-containing materials. Iron oxide and solid carbonaceous reducing agent are charged into a first expanded fluidized bed, which is supplied with an oxygen-containing fluidizing gas. The gas residence time selected is controlled in the reactor containing the first fluidized bed so that the reduction potential will result in a reduction of the iron oxide material not in excess of the FeO stage. A gas-solids suspension discharged from the first fluidized bed is supplied to a second expanded fluidized bed, which is supplied with a strongly reducing fluidizing gas. Strongly reducing gas and a major portion of the resulting devolatilized carbonaceous material are discharged from the upper portion of the second fluidized bed. Reduced material having a metallization of 50 to 80% and the remaining devolatilized carbonaceous material are discharged from the lower portion of the second fluidized bed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产还原氧化铁的材料的方法。 将氧化铁和固体碳质还原剂装入第一膨胀流化床中，该第一膨胀流化床中供给含氧流化气体。 在包含第一流化床的反应器中控制选择的气体停留时间，使得还原电位将导致不超过FeO阶段的氧化铁材料的还原。 将从第一流化床排出的气体 - 固体悬浮液供应到第二膨胀流化床，其被供应强烈还原的流化气体。 强烈地还原气体，并且所得脱挥发分的含碳材料的主要部分从第二流化床的上部排出。 金属化率为50〜80％的还原材料和剩余的脱挥发分的碳质材料从第二流化床的下部排出。

公开(公告)号：US4789580A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-06

申请号：US930351

申请日：1986-11-13

申请人： Martin Hirsch ,  Hermann Lommert ,  Harry Serbent

发明人： Martin Hirsch ,  Hermann Lommert ,  Harry Serbent

IPC分类号： C22B5/10 ,  C22B23/02 ,  C22B47/00 ,  C01G45/02 ,  C01G49/04

CPC分类号： C22B47/00 ,  C22B23/023 ,  C22B5/10 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： Disclosed is a process to effect a reduction to a desired, constant degree as exactly as possible and to achieve a low surplus of carbon. The reduction by treatment with carbonaceous reducing agents is effected in such a manner that fine-grained solids, which contain higher metal oxides, are calcined at 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C. with hot gases in which the solids are suspended. The calcined solids are reduced at a temperature in the range of from 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C. to form low metal oxides in a stationary fluidized bed, which is supplied with carbonaceous reducing agents and oxygen-containing gases. The carbonaceous reducing agents are supplied to the stationary fluidized bed at such a rate so as to reduce the higher metal oxides to low metal oxides, while maintaining the reduction temperature in the stationary fluidized bed and insuring that the discharged matter has the desired carbon content. The stationary fluidized bed exhaust gas is supplied as secondary gas to the calcining step, and fuel is supplied to the calcining step at a rate such that the total of the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel and of the heat suplied by the exhaust gas provides the heat which is required for calcination.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种尽可能精确地降低到期望的恒定程度并实现低的碳过剩的方法。 通过用碳质还原剂处理的还原是以这样的方式进行的，即含有较高金属氧化物的细粒固体在800至1100℃下用固体悬浮的热气体进行煅烧。 煅烧后的固体在800〜1100℃的温度范围内还原，在固定流化床中形成低金属氧化物，其中提供有碳质还原剂和含氧气体。 以固定流化床的速度将碳质还原剂供给到固定流化床中，以便在保持固定流化床中的还原温度的同时确保排出的物质具有所需的碳含量，从而将较高级金属氧化物还原成低金属氧化物。 将固定流化床废气作为二次气体供给到煅烧步骤，并且将燃料以使得由燃料的燃烧产生的热量和由排气所支配的热量的总和提供给煅烧步骤 提供煅烧所需的热量。

公开(公告)号：US4490168A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US569710

申请日：1984-01-11

申请人： Lothar Formanek ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent ,  Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche ,  Heribert Koenig ,  Detmar Arlt

发明人： Lothar Formanek ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent ,  Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche ,  Heribert Koenig ,  Detmar Arlt

IPC分类号： C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/14 ,  C21C5/52 ,  F27B3/08 ,  F27D11/08

CPC分类号： C21C5/5252 ,  C21B13/12

摘要： Sponge iron produced by direct reduction is melted in an electric arc furnace, in which a pool of liquid metal is maintained. To ensure that liquid carbon-containing iron for forming the pool is available in adequate quantities and that the process can be carried out with the highest possible economy, the sponge iron is reacted in an electric arc furnace on a bath of liquid carbon-containing iron (hot metal), which has been produced from sponge iron or from partly reduced ore in an electric reducing furnace, and in dependence on the electric load changes which are due to the operation of the electric arc furnace the operation of the electric reducing furnace is so controlled that a virtually constant load on the electric power supply system is maintained.

摘要翻译： 通过直接还原生产的海绵铁在电弧炉中熔化，其中维持液态金属池。 为了确保用于形成池的液体含碳铁足够量并且可以以最高的经济性进行该过程，海绵铁在电弧炉中在含有液体的含碳铁的浴中反应 （铁水），其由电熨斗中的海绵铁或部分还原的矿石生产，并且根据电弧炉的运行导致的电负荷变化，电还原炉的运行是 因此被控制以保持电力供应系统上的几乎恒定的负载。

公开(公告)号：US20140122380A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-01

申请号：US14111275

申请日：2012-04-10

申请人： Albrecht von Mueller ,  Martin Hirsch

发明人： Albrecht von Mueller ,  Martin Hirsch

IPC分类号： G06N5/02 ,  G06N99/00

CPC分类号： G06N5/02 ,  G06F17/30994 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06N99/005 ,  G06T11/206 ,  G16H50/20 ,  G16H50/70

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for aiding diagnosis of an object showing a disorder and for selecting a finding characterising the state of the object. Each finding is described as a visual pathology by a severity, a symptom constellation of multiple symptoms and by a graphic representation of the symptom constellation. A dialog-based, visual modelling of the state of the object is provided wherein the state of the object is modelled by a current symptom constellation represented by a symbol. The resulting, current object image is immediately graphically output on the display device. Following each case of modification a comparator immediately compares the current symptom constellation against the symptom constellations of stored findings and updates the list of findings of potentially applicable findings. A list of suggestions for examining further symptoms is output, sorted by their differentiation so as to interactively facilitate diagnosis.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和装置，用于帮助诊断显示无序的对象并选择表征对象的状态的发现。 每个发现通过严重性，多种症状的症状星座和症状星座的图形表示形式描述为视觉病理学。 提供了一种基于对象的对象状态的视觉建模，其中对象的状态由由符号表示的当前症状星座建模。 所得到的当前对象图像立即在显示设备上以图形方式输出。 在每种修改情况之后，比较器立即将当前症状星座与存储的发现的症状星座进行比较，并更新可能适用发现的发现列表。 输出检查进一步症状的建议列表，按其差异排序，以交互方式促进诊断。

公开(公告)号：US20100044933A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-25

申请号：US12610821

申请日：2009-11-02

申请人： Martin Hirsch ,  Michael Ströder ,  Peter Weber

发明人： Martin Hirsch ,  Michael Ströder ,  Peter Weber

IPC分类号： C22B5/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/0055 ,  B01J8/1827 ,  B01J8/1872 ,  B01J2208/00274 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C21B13/0033 ,  C22B5/14 ,  Y02P10/136

摘要： A plant for the heat treatment of solids containing iron oxide includes a fluidized bed reactor. The reactor includes at least one gas supply tube at least partly surrounded by an annular chamber in which a stationary annular fluidized bed is located, and a mixing chamber being located above the upper orifice region of the at least one gas supply tube. The gas flowing through the at least one gas supply tube entrains solids from the stationary annular fluidized bed-into the mixing chamber when passing through the upper orifice region of the at least one gas supply tube.

摘要翻译： 用于对含有氧化铁的固体进行热处理的设备包括流化床反应器。 反应器包括至少一个气体供应管，其至少部分地被环形室围绕，其中定位有固定环形流化床，并且混合室位于至少一个气体供应管的上孔区域上方。 当通过至少一个气体供应管的上孔区域时，流过至少一个气体供应管的气体将固体从固定的环形流化床引入混合室。

公开(公告)号：US20060278566A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-14

申请号：US10540073

申请日：2003-12-01

申请人： Andreas Orth ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Peter Weber

发明人： Andreas Orth ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Peter Weber

IPC分类号： C10G9/14 ,  B01J8/18

CPC分类号： C10B49/10 ,  C10B53/04

摘要： The present invention relates to a method and a plant for producing low 15 temperature coke, in which granular coal and possibly further solids are heated to a temperature of 700 to 1050° C. in a fluidized-bed reactor (2) by means of an oxygen-containing gas. To improve the utilization of energy it is proposed to introduce a first gas or gas mixture from below through at least one gas supply tube (3) into a mixing chamber region (8) of the reactor (2), the gas supply tube (3) being at least partly surrounded by a stationary annular fluidized bed (6) which is fluidized by supplying fluidizing gas. The gas velocities of the first gas or gas mixture and of the fluidizing gas for the annular fluidized bed (6) are adjusted such that the Particle-Froude-Numbers in the gas supply tube (3) are between 1 and 100, in the annular fluidized bed (6) between 0.02 and 2 and in the 25 mixing chamber (8) between 0.3 and 30.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于生产低温度焦炭的方法和设备，其中颗粒煤和可能的其它固体在流化床反应器（2）中通过以下方式加热至700至1050℃的温度： 含氧气体。 为了提高能量利用率，建议从下方将至少一个气体供给管（3）的第一气体或气体混合物引入反应器（2）的混合室区域（8），气体供给管（3） ）至少部分地被固定的环形流化床（6）包围，所述固定环形流化床通过供应流化气体而被流化。 调整第一气体或气体混合物和用于环形流化床（6）的流化气体的气体速度，使得气体供应管（3）中的“微粒 - 弗劳德数”为1至100，在环形 流化床（6）在0.02和2之间，在25混合室（8）中在0.3和30之间。