摘要:
In the present invention, a method of producing stable bare colloidal gold nanoparticles is disclosed. The nanoparticles can subsequently be subjected to partial or full surface modification. The method comprises preparation of colloidal gold nanoparticles in a liquid by employing a top-down nanofabrication method using bulk gold as a source material. The surface modification of these nanoparticles is carried out by adding one or multiple types of ligands each containing functional groups which exhibit affinity for gold nanoparticle surfaces to produce the conjugates. Because of the high efficiency and excellent stability of the nanoparticles produced by this method, the fabricated gold nanoparticle conjugates can have surface coverage with functional ligands which can be tuned to be any percent value between 0 and 100%.
摘要:
A multiplication section multiplies a signal output from a GPS antenna by a local oscillation signal generated by a local oscillation signal generation section to down-convert the signal output from the GPS antenna into an intermediate-frequency signal. A sampling circuit section samples a generated signal generated by a portable electronic circuit using a sampling clock signal having a frequency lower than a frequency of the generated signal. An attenuation section generates a cancellation signal by attenuating the sampled signal, and an addition section adds the cancellation signal to the signal output from the multiplication section to cancel in-band noise superimposed on the received signal.
摘要:
Various embodiments include a method of producing chemically pure and stably dispersed metal and metal-alloy nanoparticle colloids with ultrafast pulsed laser ablation. A method comprises irradiating a metal or metal alloy target submerged in a liquid with ultrashort laser pulses at a high repetition rate, cooling a portion of the liquid that includes an irradiated region, and collecting nanoparticles produced with the laser irradiation and liquid cooling. The method may be implemented with a high repetition rate ultrafast pulsed laser source, an optical system for focusing and moving the pulsed laser beams, a metal or metal alloy target submerged in a liquid, and a liquid circulating system to cool the laser focal volume and collect the nanoparticle products. By controlling various laser parameters, and with optional liquid flow movement, the method provides stable colloids of dispersed metal and metal-alloy nanoparticles. In various embodiments additional stabilizing chemical agents are not required.
摘要:
A multiplication section multiplies a signal output from a GPS antenna by a local oscillation signal generated by a local oscillation signal generation section to down-convert the signal output from the GPS antenna into an intermediate-frequency signal. A sampling circuit section samples a generated signal generated by a portable electronic circuit using a sampling clock signal having a frequency lower than a frequency of the generated signal. An attenuation section generates a cancellation signal by attenuating the sampled signal, and an addition section adds the cancellation signal to the signal output from the multiplication section to cancel in-band noise superimposed on the received signal.
摘要:
Various embodiments include a method of producing chemically pure and stably dispersed metal and metal-alloy nanoparticle colloids with ultrafast pulsed laser ablation. A method comprises irradiating a metal or metal alloy target submerged in a liquid with ultrashort laser pulses at a high repetition rate, cooling a portion of the liquid that includes an irradiated region, and collecting nanoparticles produced with the laser irradiation and liquid cooling. The method may be implemented with a high repetition rate ultrafast pulsed laser source, an optical system for focusing and moving the pulsed laser beams, a metal or metal alloy target submerged in a liquid, and a liquid circulating system to cool the laser focal volume and collect the nanoparticle products. By controlling various laser parameters, and with optional liquid flow movement, the method provides stable colloids of dispersed metal and metal-alloy nanoparticles. In various embodiments additional stabilizing chemical agents are not required.
摘要:
The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy, which contains at least one compound of the formula I and at least one compound of the formula II in which R1, R2, R3, R4, ring A, Z1, Z2 and m are as defined in Claim 1, and to the use thereof for an active-matrix display based on the ECB, VA, PS-VA, FFS, PALC or IPS effect.
摘要:
A positioning signal reception device receives a positioning signal transmitted from a position information satellite, and includes: a signal reception portion that obtains a reception signal by receiving the positioning signal; an A/D conversion portion that generates a digital signal by converting the reception signal into a digital form; a filter portion that subjects the digital signal to frequency separation, a characteristic of the filter portion being changeable; a filter characteristic change portion that changes the characteristic of the filter portion according to an operating state of the positioning signal reception device and an external environmental condition of the positioning signal reception device; and a code synchronization establishment portion that establishes synchronization of spreading codes contained in the reception signal.
摘要翻译:定位信号接收装置接收从位置信息卫星发送的定位信号,包括:信号接收部,其通过接收定位信号来取得接收信号; A / D转换部分,通过将接收信号转换成数字形式产生数字信号; 使数字信号进行频率分离的滤波器部分,滤波器部分的特性是可变的; 滤波器特性变化部,其根据定位信号接收装置的动作状态和定位信号接收装置的外部环境状况改变滤波部的特性; 以及代码同步建立部,其建立包含在接收信号中的扩展码的同步。
摘要:
A method of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) capable of continuously tuning formed-film morphology from that of a nanoparticle aggregate to a smooth thin film free of particles and droplets. The materials that can be synthesized using various embodiments of the invention include, but are not limited to, metals, alloys, metal oxides, and semiconductors. In various embodiments a ‘burst’ mode of ultrashort pulsed laser ablation and deposition is provided. Tuning of the film morphology is achieved by controlling the burst-mode parameters such as the number of pulses and the time-spacing between the pulses within each burst, the burst repetition rate, and the laser fluence. The system includes an ultrashort pulsed laser, an optical system for delivering a focused onto the target surface with an appropriate energy density, and a vacuum chamber in which the target and the substrate are installed and background gases and their pressures are appropriately adjusted.