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    Polyamide acid and polyimide, and optical material
    3.
    发明授权
    Polyamide acid and polyimide, and optical material 失效
    聚酰胺酸和聚酰亚胺，以及光学材料

    公开(公告)号：US06924348B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-02

    申请号：US10194791

    申请日：2002-07-11

    申请人： Kozo Tajiri ,  Masayoshi Kuwabara ,  Yasunori Okumura ,  Tohru Matsuura ,  Noriyoshi Yamada

    发明人： Kozo Tajiri ,  Masayoshi Kuwabara ,  Yasunori Okumura ,  Tohru Matsuura ,  Noriyoshi Yamada

    IPC分类号： C08G69/10 ,  C08G73/10 ,  H05K1/03 ,  C08G69/28 ,  G02B6/10

    CPC分类号： C08G73/1039 ,  H05K1/0346 ,  Y10T428/10 ,  Y10T428/1023 ,  Y10T428/1027 ,  Y10T428/31721

    摘要： A polyimide excelling in heat resistance, chemical resistance, water repellency, dielectric characteristics, electrical characteristics, and optical characteristics and a polyamide acid useful as the raw material therefor are provided. Specifically, a polyamide acid containing a chlorine atom and a fluorine atom and comprising a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1): (wherein X and X′ independently denote a divalent organic group; Y and Y′ independently denote a chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom; p and p′ denote independently denote the number of fluorine atom {F in the formula (1)} bonded to the relevant benzene ring, representing an integer of 0-3; q and q′ independently denote an integer of 0-3; and p+q total 3, and p′+q′ total 3).

    摘要翻译： 提供了耐热性，耐化学性，防水性，介电特性，电特性和光学特性优异的聚酰亚胺和用作其原料的聚酰胺酸。 具体来说，含有氯原子和氟原子的聚酰胺酸，其含有下述式（1）表示的重复单元：（其中X和X'独立地表示二价有机基团; Y和Y'独立地表示氯，溴 或碘原子; p和p'独立地表示氟原子的数目（式中的F（与相关苯环键合的1，表示0-3的整数; q和q'独立地表示0〜 3; p + q共3，p'+ q'共3）。

    Method for preventing fouling of a heat exchanger for cooling residue from a hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking process
    5.
    发明申请
    Method for preventing fouling of a heat exchanger for cooling residue from a hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking process 有权
    防止来自加氢脱硫/加氢裂化过程的残留物的热交换器结垢的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070007178A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-01-11

    申请号：US11362520

    申请日：2006-02-27

    申请人： Norihiro Nakashima ,  Masayoshi Kuwabara ,  Manabu Higo ,  Hiroyuki Kobayashi

    发明人： Norihiro Nakashima ,  Masayoshi Kuwabara ,  Manabu Higo ,  Hiroyuki Kobayashi

    IPC分类号： C10G45/00 ,  C10G17/00

    CPC分类号： C10G75/04

    摘要： A method which controls sedimentation occurring at a heat exchanger for cooling hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue containing asphaltenes at a high content and thereby prevents fouling of the heat exchanger is disclosed. A method for preventing fouling of a heat exchanger for cooling hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue, which injects flux oil into hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue containing asphaltenes at 1% by mass or more, wherein the flux oil is at least one species of residue selected from the group consisting of crude vacuum distillation residue and fluidized catalytic cracking residue, and injected into the hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue to control its actual sediment content at 0.2% by mass or less, determined in accordance with IP-375 is also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 控制在热交换器处发生的沉淀物的方法，用于冷却含有高沥青质的加氢脱硫/加氢裂化残渣，从而防止热交换器的结垢。 一种防止用于冷却加氢脱硫/加氢裂化残渣的热交换器的结垢的方法，其将助熔油注入含有1质量％以上的沥青质的加氢脱硫/加氢裂化残渣中，其中，所述助熔剂油为选自以下的残留物中的至少一种： 由粗真空蒸馏残渣和流化催化裂化残渣组成，并注入加氢脱硫/加氢裂化残渣，控制其实际沉淀物含量按质量计为0.2质量％以下，根据IP-375测定。