公开(公告)号：US06403949B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09448003

申请日：1999-11-23

申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  David R. Fournier ,  David G. Bellemore

发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  David R. Fournier ,  David G. Bellemore

IPC分类号： G01B910

CPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01J1/18

摘要： A method and apparatus for compensating for systematic error in a wavelength measuring device that provides values for the wavelengths reflected from one or more optical fibers in which fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) serve as sensors. A high-precision temperature sensing and measuring circuit is used to measure the temperature of a reference FBG that also provides light at some wavelength to the wavelength measuring device. The wavelength reflected by the reference FBG changes with temperature in a way that is known. The (value of) the wavelength being reflected from the reference FBG is then provided to a dynamic compensator, which also receives the wavelengths of light reflected from the sensor FBGs, and the dynamic compensator adjusts the wavelengths of the sensor FBGs using a correction based on the correction required to adjust the value of the wavelength of the reference FBG as measured by the wavelength measuring device.

摘要翻译： 一种用于补偿波长测量装置中的系统误差的方法和装置，其提供从光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）用作传感器的一个或多个光纤反射的波长的值。 使用高精度温度感测和测量电路来测量也向波长测量装置提供某种波长的光的参考FBG的温度。 由参考FBG反射的波长以已知的方式随温度变化。 然后将从参考FBG反射的波长的（值）提供给动态补偿器，动态补偿器也接收从传感器FBG反射的光的波长，并且动态补偿器使用基于以下的校正来调整传感器FBG的波长 调整由波长测量装置测量的参考FBG的波长值所需的校正。

公开(公告)号：US06346702B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-12

申请号：US09458911

申请日：1999-12-10

申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  David R. Fournier ,  David G. Bellemore ,  William M. Stielau

发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  David R. Fournier ,  David G. Bellemore ,  William M. Stielau

IPC分类号： G01J104

CPC分类号： H04B10/675

摘要： A fiber Bragg grating peak detection system has a broadband source that provides a broadband optical signal, a fiber Bragg grating and a variable threshold and/or grating profile peak detection unit. The fiber Bragg grating responds to the broadband optical signal, and further responds to a physical parameter, for providing a fiber Bragg grating optical signal containing information about the physical parameter. The variable threshold or grating profile peak detection unit responds to the fiber Bragg grating optical signal, for providing a variable threshold or grating profile peak detection unit signal containing information about a peak detected in the fiber Bragg grating optical signal that is used to determine the physical parameter. The variable threshold or grating profile peak detection unit detects the peak using either a variable threshold peak detection or a grating profile peak detection, or a combination thereof. During the variable threshold peak detection, the variable threshold or grating profile peak detection unit determines a respective local threshold value for each wavelength over a spectral band of the fiber Bragg grating optical signal. During the grating profile peak detection, the detection unit determines a grating profile on each side of the peak.

摘要翻译： 光纤布喇格光栅峰值检测系统具有提供宽带光信号的宽带光源，光纤布拉格光栅和可变阈值和/或光栅轮廓峰值检测单元。 光纤布拉格光栅响应于宽带光信号，并且进一步响应物理参数，用于提供包含关于物理参数的信息的光纤布拉格光栅光信号。 可变阈值或光栅轮廓峰值检测单元响应于光纤布拉格光栅光信号，用于提供可变阈值或光栅轮廓峰值检测单元信号，该信号包含关于在光纤布拉格光栅光信号中检测到的峰值的信息，该信号用于确定物理 参数。 可变阈值或光栅轮廓峰值检测单元使用可变阈值峰值检测或光栅轮廓峰值检测或其组合来检测峰值。 在可变阈值峰值检测期间，可变阈值或光栅轮廓峰值检测单元在光纤布拉格光栅光信号的光谱带上确定每个波长的相应局部阈值。 在光栅轮廓峰值检测期间，检测单元确定峰顶两侧的光栅轮廓。

公开(公告)号：US06804693B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US09929423

申请日：2001-08-14

申请人： David G. Bellemore ,  David R. Fournier ,  Michael A. Davis

发明人： David G. Bellemore ,  David R. Fournier ,  Michael A. Davis

IPC分类号： G06F700

CPC分类号： G01R19/04 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G01R19/2509

摘要： A method and corresponding apparatus for determining the centroid (Vc) of a waveform signal being sampled at a set of parameter values (Vi, i=1, . . . , n) yielding a corresponding set of sampled amplitudes (Ai, i=1, . . . , n), each parameter value and corresponding amplitude forming a sampled point (Vi, Ai), the method including the steps of: selecting an amplitude at which to create an interpolated point; interpolating a first parameter value corresponding to the amplitude selected in the step of selecting an amplitude; and performing a centroid calculation using only the sampled points with an amplitude greater than a predetermined threshold. The waveform is sometimes sampled in the presence of background noise, and the method sometimes also includes: estimating the background (Bi) for each value in the set of parameter values at which sampling is performed; and reducing the amplitude (Ai) of each sampled amplitude by the background (Bi) so estimated.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定在一组参数值（Vi，i = 1，...，n）上采样的波形信号的质心（Vc）的方法和相应装置，产生一组相应的采样幅度（Ai，i = 1 ，...，n），每个参数值和对应的幅度形成采样点（Vi，Ai），所述方法包括以下步骤：选择创建内插点的幅度; 内插与在选择幅度的步骤中选择的幅度对应的第一参数值; 以及仅使用振幅大于预定阈值的采样点进行质心计算。 有时在有背景噪声的情况下采样波形，并且该方法有时还包括：对进行采样的参数值集合中的每个值估计背景（Bi）; 并且将每个采样振幅的振幅（Ai）减小所估计的背景（Bi）。

公开(公告)号：US06529923B2

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09087447

申请日：1998-05-29

申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  David G. Bellemore

发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  David G. Bellemore

IPC分类号： G06F700

CPC分类号： G01R19/2509 ,  G01R19/04 ,  G01R23/02

摘要： Prior to performing a centroid calculation on a waveform signal that is discretely sampled at a limited number of sample points, the last sample point (VN, AN) is eliminated if the magnitude of the amplitude at the first sample point (A1) is greater than the last sample point (AN), and the difference in magnitude between the first and last sample points (A1−AN) is greater than the difference in magnitude between the second to last sample point and the first sample point (AN−1−A1). The first sample point (V1, A1) is eliminated prior to the centroid calculation if the magnitude of the amplitude at the last sample point (AN) is greater than the first sample point (A1), and the difference in magnitude between the last and first sample points (AN−A1) is greater than the difference in magnitude between the second sample point and the last sample point (A2−AN). In a second embodiment of the invention, a first centroid calculation is performed using a set of samples in which one side of the waveform signal has the lowest amplitude value sample. Sample values on the side of the waveform initially having the lowest amplitude value are then eliminated until the opposing side of the waveform has the lowest amplitude value sample. A second centroid calculation is then performed and the two centroid calculations are averaged together to arrive at an average centroid calculation. In a third embodiment of the invention, the amplitude components of the waveform sample values are normalized to the lowest amplitude value sample point and a first centroid calculation is performed on the normalized waveform signal. Next, the waveform is normalized to the lowest amplitude value sample point on the other side of the waveform signal and a second centroid calculation is performed. The two centroid calculations are then averaged to provide an averaged normalized centroid calculation.

公开(公告)号：US5818585A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-06

申请号：US810167

申请日：1997-02-28

申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  David G. Bellemore

发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  David G. Bellemore

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01D5/35383

摘要： A system and method for providing accurate measurements of the reflected wavelengths from multiple strings of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) elements using a single scanning optical filter and an isolated duplicate reference string of FBG elements. A reference string of FBG elements permits precise long-term wavelength determination of sensors by providing real-time adaptive calibration adjustments to correct for any nonlinearities in the response of the single scanning optical filter.

摘要翻译： 一种用于使用单个扫描光学滤波器和FBG元件的隔离重复参考串提供来自多个光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）元件串的反射波长的精确测量的系统和方法。 FBG元件的参考串允许通过提供实时自适应校准调整来校正传感器的长期波长确定波长，以校正单个扫描光学滤波器的响应中的任何非线性。

公开(公告)号：US06310990B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-30

申请号：US09519802

申请日：2000-03-06

申请人： Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Michael A. Davis ,  David G. Bellemore ,  Walter A. Helm

发明人： Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Michael A. Davis ,  David G. Bellemore ,  Walter A. Helm

IPC分类号： G02B600

CPC分类号： G02B6/022 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G02F1/011

摘要： A tunable optical device has a compression tuned optical structure and a displacement sensor. The compression tuned optical structure responds to an optical signal, and further responds to a displacement sensor signal, for providing a compression tuned optical structure signal containing information about a change in an optical characteristic of the compression tuned optical structure, and for also further providing an excitation caused by a change in a displacement of the compression tuned optical structure. The displacement sensor responds to the excitation, for providing a displacement sensor signal containing information about the change in the displacement of the compression tuned optical structure. The compression tuned optical structure may be in the form of a dogbone structure that is an all-glass compression unit having wider end portions separated by a narrower intermediate portion. The displacement sensor includes a capacitance sensor affixed to the compression tuned optical structure for measuring a change in capacitance between two parallel and opposing plates that depends on a change in a gap or an area with respect to the two parallel and opposing plates.

摘要翻译： 可调谐光学器件具有压缩调谐光学结构和位移传感器。 压缩调谐光学结构响应光信号，并进一步响应位移传感器信号，用于提供包含关于压缩调谐光学结构的光学特性的变化的信息的压缩调谐光学结构信号，并且还进一步提供 由压缩调谐光学结构的位移的变化引起的激励。 位移传感器响应于激励，用于提供包含关于压缩调谐光学结构的位移变化的信息的位移传感器信号。 压缩调谐光学结构可以是狗骨架结构的形式，其是具有由较窄中间部分分开的较宽端部的全玻璃压缩单元。 位移传感器包括固定到压缩调谐光学结构上的电容传感器，用于测量取决于相对于两个平行和相对的板的间隙或面积的变化的两个平行板和相对板之间的电容变化。

公开(公告)号：US06563968B2

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09950509

申请日：2001-09-10

申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  David G. Bellemore

发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  David G. Bellemore

IPC分类号： G02B600

CPC分类号： G02B6/022 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G02F1/011

摘要： A tunable optical device has a compression tuned optical structure and a displacement sensor. The compression tuned optical structure responds to an optical signal, and further responds to a displacement sensor signal, for providing a compression tuned optical structure signal containing information about a change in an optical characteristic of the compression tuned optical structure, and for also further providing an excitation caused by a change in a displacement of the compression tuned optical structure. The displacement sensor responds to the excitation, for providing a displacement sensor signal containing information about the change in the displacement of the compression tuned optical structure. The compression tuned optical structure may be in the form of a dogbone structure that is an all-glass compression unit having wider end portions separated by a narrower intermediate portion. The displacement sensor includes a capacitance sensor affixed to the compression tuned optical structure for measuring a change in capacitance between two parallel and opposing plates that depends on a change in a gap or an area with respect to the two parallel and opposing plates.

公开(公告)号：US20220034844A9

公开(公告)日：2022-02-03

申请号：US16165069

申请日：2018-10-19

申请人： John Biesak ,  Douglas H. Loose ,  Michael A. Davis

发明人： John Biesak ,  Douglas H. Loose ,  Michael A. Davis

IPC分类号： G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/24 ,  G01N29/42 ,  G01N29/44 ,  G01N29/50 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01N33/38 ,  G01F1/708

摘要： Apparatus is provided having an acoustic-based air probe with an acoustic source configured to provide an acoustic signal into a mixture of concrete; and an acoustic receiver configured to be substantially co-planar with the acoustic source, to respond to the acoustic signal, and to provide signaling containing information about the acoustic signal injected into the mixture of concrete.

公开(公告)号：US20130247673A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-26

申请号：US13583253

申请日：2011-03-09

申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark A. Foss

发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark A. Foss

IPC分类号： G01B17/02

CPC分类号： G01B17/02

摘要： New techniques are provided for measuring the thickness of a pipe wall using ultrasonic reflections. The apparatus includes a signal processor that receives a signal containing information about ultrasonic pulses injected into a pipe wall; and determines a pipe wall thickness measurement based at least partly on decomposing the signal received in order to identify either peaks using a cepstrum analysis or repeated spacing using a wavelet analysis. The wavelet analysis includes dividing data in the signal received into a specific frequency component and a defined temporal component in order to detect correct pulses where multiple reflections are caused by irregularities in the pipe wall surface being measured. The cepstrum analysis includes processing repeating pulses in the signal in order to detect correct pulses where multiple reflections are caused by irregularities in the pipe wall surface being measured.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于使用超声波反射来测量管壁的厚度的新技术。 该装置包括信号处理器，其接收包含注入到管壁中的关于超声脉冲的信息的信号; 并且至少部分地基于分解所接收的信号来确定管壁厚度测量，以便使用小波分析使用倒谱分析或重复间隔来识别峰。 小波分析包括将接收到的信号中的数据划分成特定频率分量和定义的时间分量，以便检测正在测量的管壁表面中的不规则性导致多次反射的正确脉冲。 倒谱分析包括处理信号中的重复脉冲，以便检测正在测量的管壁表面中由不规则性引起多次反射的脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US20130192351A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-01

申请号：US13583062

申请日：2011-03-09

申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Douglas H. Loose ,  James M. Sullivan ,  John Biesak ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Michael A. Davis

发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Douglas H. Loose ,  James M. Sullivan ,  John Biesak ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Michael A. Davis

IPC分类号： G01N29/02

CPC分类号： G01N29/02 ,  B03D1/028 ,  G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01L11/04 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N2291/011 ,  G01N2291/02433

摘要： The invention provides a signal processor that receives a signal containing information about an acoustic signal that is generated by at least one acoustic transmitter, that travels through an aerated fluid in a container, and that is received by at least one acoustic receiver arranged in relation to the container, including inside the container; and determines the gas volume fraction of the aerated fluid based at least partly on the speed of sound measurement of the acoustic signal that travels through the aerated fluid in the container. The signal processor also sends an output signal containing information about the gas volume fraction of the aerated fluid. The signal processor may be configured together with at least one acoustic transmitter, the at least one acoustic receiver, or both.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种信号处理器，其接收包含由至少一个声发射器产生的声信号的信号，所述信号传播通过容器中的充气流体，并且由至少一个声接收器接收，所述至少一个声接收器相对于 容器，包括在容器内; 并且至少部分地基于穿过容器中的充气流体的声信号的声音测量速度来确定充气流体的气体体积分数。 信号处理器还发送包含关于充气流体的气体体积分数的信息的输出信号。 信号处理器可以与至少一个声发射器，至少一个声接收器或两者配置。