摘要:
A process for producing a borate-containing, low-alkali material is provided. The process includes induction-heating a boron-containing melting material directly in an appliance using an alternating electromagnetic field. The, melting material as a constituent includes at least one metal oxide, the metal ions of which have a valency of at least two, in a quantitative proportion of at least 25 mol %, and in which the ratio of the molar substance quantities of silicon dioxide to borate in the melting material is less than or equal to 0.5.
摘要:
In the apparatus for producing glass reduction of reduction-sensitive components in the glass melt is reduced or preferably is prevented during the melting and/or fining processes by introducing an oxidizing agent into the glass melt. The apparatus has a melt crucible, a fining vessel, and a device for conducting oxygen and/or ozone into the glass melt in the melt crucible and/or fining vessel, in order to suppress reduction of reduction-sensitive components of the glass melt. A preferred embodiment of the apparatus has a metallic skull crucible, which includes the melt crucible and/or the fining vessel. The apparatus preferably includes a homogenization unit connected to the fining vessel to receive glass melt from the fining vessel in order to further process the glass melt after refining.
摘要:
In the method and system for producing glass reduction of reduction-sensitive ingredients in the glass is reduced or preferably is avoided during the melting and fining processes. The glass preferably has a high refractive index. During the process an oxidizing agent is inducted into a fining vessel and preferably also into a melt crucible made of a slit skull that is cooled by a cooling agent. The oxidizing agent is preferably oxygen. Furthermore a system for conducting the method is also described.
摘要:
In the method and system for producing glass reduction of reduction-sensitive ingredients in the glass is reduced or preferably is avoided during the melting and fining processes. The glass preferably has a high refractive index. During the process an oxidizing agent is inducted into a fining vessel and preferably also into a melt crucible made of a slit skull that is cooled by a cooling agent. The oxidizing agent is preferably oxygen. Furthermore a system for conducting the method is also described.
摘要:
The lead-free and arsenic-free optical glasses have a refractive index of 1.83≦nd≦1.95 and an Abbé number of 24≦νd≦35, good chemical resistance, excellent crystallization stability and a composition, in wt. % based on oxide content, of SiO2, 2-8; B2O3, 15-22; La2O3, 35-42; ZnO, 10-18; TiO2, 9-15; ZrO2, 3-10; Nb2O5, 4-10; and WO3, >0.5-3. Besides containing at most 5 wt. % of each of GeO2, Ag2O and BaO and conventional fining agents, they may also contain at most in total 5 wt. % of Al2O3, MgO, CaO, SrO, P2O5 and up to at most in total 5 wt. % of the components F, Ta2O5. The glasses are preferably free of alkali metal oxides, Bi2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3 and/or Yb2O3. Optical elements made from the optical glass are also described.
摘要翻译:无铅和无砷的光学眼镜的折射率为1.83≦̸ nd≦̸ 1.95,Abbé数为24≦̸&ngr; d≦̸ 35,良好的耐化学性,优异的结晶稳定性和组成,以重量计。 基于氧化物含量%,SiO 2,2-8; B2O3,15-22; La2O3,35-42; ZnO,10-18; TiO2,9-15; ZrO2,3-10; Nb2O5,4-10; 和WO3,> 0.5-3。 除含有最多5wt。 GeO 2,Ag 2 O和BaO和常规澄清剂中的每一种的%,它们也可以最多含有5wt。 %的Al 2 O 3,MgO,CaO,SrO,P 2 O 5,最多至多5重量% %的组分F,Ta2O5。 玻璃优选不含碱金属氧化物Bi 2 O 3,Y 2 O 3,Gd 2 O 3和/或Yb 2 O 3。 还描述了由光学玻璃制成的光学元件。
摘要:
The lead-free and arsenic-free optical glasses have a refractive index of 1.83≦nd≦1.95 and an Abbé number of 24≦νd≦35, good chemical resistance, excellent crystallization stability and a composition, in wt. % based on oxide content, of SiO2, 2-8; B2O3, 15-22; La2O3, 35-42; ZnO, 10-18; TiO2, 9-15; ZrO2, 3-10; Nb2O5, 4-10; and WO3, >0.5-3. Besides containing at most 5 wt. % of each of GeO2, Ag2O and BaO and conventional fining agents, they may also contain at most in total 5 wt. % of Al2O3, MgO, CaO, SrO, P2O5 and up to at most in total 5 wt. % of the components F, Ta2O5. The glasses are preferably free of alkali metal oxides, Bi2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3 and/or Yb2O3. Optical elements made from the optical glass are also described.
摘要翻译:无铅和无砷的光学眼镜的折射率为1.83≦̸ nd≦̸ 1.95,Abbé数为24≦̸&ngr; d≦̸ 35,良好的耐化学性,优异的结晶稳定性和组成,以重量计。 基于氧化物含量%,SiO 2,2-8; B2O3,15-22; La2O3,35-42; ZnO,10-18; TiO2,9-15; ZrO2,3-10; Nb2O5,4-10; 和WO3,> 0.5-3。 除含有最多5wt。 GeO 2,Ag 2 O和BaO和常规澄清剂中的每一种的%,它们也可以最多含有5wt。 %的Al 2 O 3,MgO,CaO,SrO,P 2 O 5,最多至多5重量% %的组分F,Ta2O5。 玻璃优选不含碱金属氧化物Bi 2 O 3,Y 2 O 3,Gd 2 O 3和/或Yb 2 O 3。 还描述了由光学玻璃制成的光学元件。
摘要:
A short optical glass is disclosed which is particularly suited for the applications imaging, projection, telecommunication, optical information technology and/or laser technology, also particularly suited for fiber applications (light guides or imaging guides). Preferably, the glass has a refractive index of 1.54≦nd≦1.62 and an Abbe coefficient of 48≦vd=57. It further has good attenuating and ion exchange characteristics, good chemical stability and good crystallization stability. The glass comprises 35 to 50 wt.-% SiO2, 0.1 to 6 wt.-% B2O3, 0.1 to 7 wt.-% Al2O3, 0.1 to 4 wt.-% P2O5, 4 to 24 wt.-% R2O (alkali oxides), 6 to 14.5 wt.-% BaO, 0 to 12 wt.-% other RO (alkaline earth oxides), 14 to 25 wt.-% ZnO, 0 to 5 wt.-% La2O3, 0 to 10 wt.-% ZrO2, wherein R2O is an alkali oxide, RO is an alkaline earth oxide other than BaO, wherein Li2O is 6 wt.-% at the most, wherein the glass does not contain any GeO2, SnO, SnO2, AgO, Sb2O3 and, preferably, no rare earth oxides, and wherein the glass may be molten while adding suitable purifying agents.
摘要翻译:公开了一种特别适用于成像,投影,通信,光学信息技术和/或激光技术的应用,也特别适用于光纤应用(光导或成像引导)的短光学玻璃。 优选地,玻璃的折射率为1.54 <= N 2 O是碱金属氧化物,RO是BaO以外的碱土金属氧化物,其中Li 2 O 2最多为6重量%,其中玻璃不含任何 GeO 2,SnO,SnO 2,AgO,Sb 2 O 3,优选不存在稀土氧化物 ,并且其中玻璃可以熔融同时加入合适的净化剂。
摘要:
A short optical glass is disclosed which does not comprise any silver, copper, thallium, lead or boron and is particularly suited for the application imaging, projection, telecommunication, optical information technology, and/or laser technology, also particularly suited for fiber applications (light guides or imaging guides). Preferably the glass has a refractive index of 1.55≦nd≦1.65 and an Abbe coefficient of 48≦vd≦57 and also has good attenuating and ion exchange characteristics, good chemical stability and good crystallization stability. The glass comprises 35 to
摘要翻译:公开了一种短光学玻璃,其不包含任何银,铜,铊,铅或硼,并且特别适用于也特别适用于光纤应用的应用成像,投影,电信,光信息技术和/或激光技术 光导或成像指南)。 优选地,玻璃的折射率为1.55 <= N
摘要:
The thin-film solar cell includes at least one Na2O-containing multicomponent substrate glass, which is not phase demixed and has a content of β-OH of from 25 to 89 mmol/l. The process for making a thin-film solar cell includes the following steps: a) providing an Na2O-containing multicomponent substrate glass, which has a content of β-OH of from 25 to 80 mmol/l and is not phase demixed; b) applying a metal layer to the substrate glass, which forms an electrical back contact of the thin-film solar cell; c) applying an intrinsically p-conducting polycrystalline layer of a compound semiconductor material, in particular a CIGS compound semiconductor material, which includes at least one high-temperature step at a temperature of >550° C.; and d) applying a p/n junction.
摘要:
The present invention refers to optical glasses designated to be used in the areas of imaging, sensors, microscopy, medical technology, digital projection, photolithography, laser technology, wafer/chip technology as well as telecommunications, optical communications engineering and optics/illumination in the automotive sector with a refractive index nd of 1.60≦nd≦1.72 and/or an Abbe number vd of 32≦vd≦45 with pronounced short flint character, good chemical resistance, excellent resistance to crystallization, good solarization stability and the following composition (in % by weight based on oxides): SiO230-45 B2O3 8-12 Na2O 8-15 CaO0.1-7 ZnO0 ≦ 5 ZrO210-20 Nb2O512-24 Ta2O50 ≦ 9 AgO0 ≦ 5