公开(公告)号：US07706536B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-27

申请号：US11210941

申请日：2005-08-24

申请人： Mihaela Dinu ,  Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Clinton Randy Giles ,  Inuk Kang ,  Dan Mark Marom

发明人： Mihaela Dinu ,  Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Clinton Randy Giles ,  Inuk Kang ,  Dan Mark Marom

IPC分类号： H04K1/00

CPC分类号： H04L9/0858

摘要： A communication system adapted to use wavelength (frequency) division multiplexing for quantum-key distribution (QKD) and having a transmitter coupled to a receiver via a transmission link. In one embodiment, the receiver is adapted to (i) phase-shift a local oscillator (LO) signal generated at the receiver, (ii) combine the LO signal with a quantum-information (QI) signal received via the transmission link from the transmitter to produce interference signals, (iii) measure an intensity difference for these interference signals, and (iv) phase-lock the LO signal to the QI signal based on the measurement result. In one configuration, the QI signal has a plurality of pilot frequency components, each carrying a training signal, and a plurality of QKD frequency components, each carrying quantum key data. Advantageously, the system can maintain a phase lock for the QKD frequency components of the QI and LO signals, while the QKD frequency components of the QI signal continuously carry quantum key data.

摘要翻译： 一种适于使用用于量子密钥分配（QKD）的波长（频率）分割复用并且具有通过传输链路耦合到接收机的发射机的通信系统。 在一个实施例中，接收机适于（i）移位在接收机处产生的本地振荡器（LO）信号，（ii）将LO信号与经由传输链路从该接收机接收的量子信息（QI）信号组合 发射机产生干扰信号，（iii）测量这些干扰信号的强度差，以及（iv）基于测量结果将LO信号锁相到QI信号。 在一个配置中，QI信号具有多个导频频率分量，每个导频频率分量携带训练信号，以及多个QKD频率分量，每个携带量子密钥数据。 有利的是，该系统可以维持QI和LO信号的QKD频率分量的相位锁定，而QI信号的QKD频率分量连续携带量子密钥数据。

公开(公告)号：US07289697B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-30

申请号：US11236291

申请日：2005-09-27

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Dan Mark Marom

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Dan Mark Marom

IPC分类号： G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/43

CPC分类号： G02B6/12019 ,  G02B6/3512

摘要： An optical pulse shaper without polarization dependencies includes, a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) having an arrayed waveguide and free space optics, combined with a lens and micromirror array characterized by piston-motion. The micromirror array is coupled to a controller that provides signals to the array for adjusting the positions of the micromirrors, which are used as a spatial light modulator to provide at least phase modulation to one or more of the separated frequency components of an input optical signal. The frequency separated components, including modified components, are recombined and directed back to the PLC to form a synthesized optical pulse. Information regarding the characteristics of the synthesized optical pulse is extracted from a spectrogram of that pulse. Extracted information is provided to the controller and responsive thereto the controller may generate signals for adjusting the position of one or more micromirrors.

摘要翻译： 没有偏振相关性的光学脉冲整形器包括具有阵列波导和自由空间光学器件的平面光波电路（PLC），其结合具有活塞运动特征的透镜和微镜阵列。 微镜阵列耦合到控制器，该控制器向阵列提供信号，用于调整微镜的位置，微反射镜的位置用作空间光调制器以向输入光信号的一个或多个分离的频率分量提供至少相位调制 。 频率分离的组件，包括修改的组件，被重新组合并引导回PLC，以形成合成的光脉冲。 从该脉冲的光谱图中提取关于合成光脉冲的特性的信息。 提取的信息被提供给控制器并且响应于此，控制器可以生成用于调整一个或多个微镜的位置的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06885490B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10427839

申请日：2003-05-01

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Inuk Kang

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Inuk Kang

IPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H04B10/08 ,  H04B10/04 ,  G02F1/01

CPC分类号： G01J11/00

摘要： A method and apparatus for characterizing an optical pulse using a reduced complexity chronocyclic tomography is described. In one example, an optical pulse train is modulated using quadratic temporal phase modulation. A first spectral intensity of the optical pulse train is measured after a quadratic temporal phase modulation having a first amplitude. A second spectral intensity of the train of optical pulses is then measured in response to the quadratic temporal phase modulation having a second amplitude. At least one of the group delay and the spectral intensity associated with the train of optical pulses is computed using the first spectral intensity and the second spectral intensity.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用复杂度较低的复杂断层扫描来表征光脉冲的方法和装置。 在一个示例中，使用二次时相调制来调制光脉冲串。 在具有第一幅度的二次时间相位调制之后测量光脉冲串的第一光谱强度。 然后响应于具有第二幅度的二次时间相位调制来测量光脉冲序列的第二光谱强度。 使用第一光谱强度和第二光谱强度计算与光脉冲序列相关联的组延迟和光谱强度中的至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US07844186B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-30

申请号：US10815033

申请日：2004-03-31

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Alan H. Gnauck ,  Inuk Kang ,  Chongjin Xie

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Alan H. Gnauck ,  Inuk Kang ,  Chongjin Xie

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/5055 ,  H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/532 ,  H04B10/5561

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting alternate-polarization phase-shift-keyed data. The output of a laser is modulated to optically encode electronic data using phase shift keying (PSK) to generate an optical signal. An alternate polarization PSK (APol-PSK) signal is generated by alternating the polarization of the optical signal using a modulator such that successive optical bits have substantially orthogonal polarizations.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于发送交替偏振相移键控数据的方法和装置。 调制激光器的输出以使用相移键控（PSK）对电子数据进行光学编码以产生光信号。 通过使用调制器交替光信号的偏振来产生交替偏振PSK（APol-PSK）信号，使得连续的光学位具有基本正交的偏振。

公开(公告)号：US07006230B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-28

申请号：US10439828

申请日：2003-05-16

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Inuk Kang

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Inuk Kang

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01J11/00

摘要： A method and apparatus for the characterization of an optical pulse includes splitting an optical pulse into two replicas separated by a delay, modulating at least one of the two replicas with a linear temporal phase modulation, measuring a spectrum of the modulated replicas, and characterizing the optical pulse using the measured spectra. In one embodiment of the present invention a spectral phase difference between the replicas is obtained from the measured spectrum using Fourier Transform Spectral Interferometry.

摘要翻译： 用于表征光脉冲的方法和装置包括将光脉冲分为两个由延迟分离的副本，用线性时间相位调制来调制两个副本中的至少一个，测量调制副本的频谱，以及表征 光脉冲使用测量光谱。 在本发明的一个实施例中，使用傅里叶变换光谱干涉法从所测量的光谱获得复制品之间的光谱相位差。

公开(公告)号：US08204378B1

公开(公告)日：2012-06-19

申请号：US12409030

申请日：2009-03-23

申请人： Robert A. Marsland, Jr. ,  Christophe J. Dorrer

发明人： Robert A. Marsland, Jr. ,  Christophe J. Dorrer

IPC分类号： H04J14/06 ,  H04B10/06 ,  H04B10/00

CPC分类号： G01S3/783 ,  H04B10/613 ,  H04B10/614

摘要： Coherent optical signal processing is performed in a coherent receiver (or diagnostic/testing apparatus) that converts an amplitude and/or angle-modulated optical signal into two electrical signals. A simple receiver can only detect one phase of the signal and only the polarization that is aligned with a local oscillator laser polarization. To detect both phases and both polarizations, two sets of two interferometers, one each with a π/2 phase shift are required. Coherent optical signal processing methods, apparatus, techniques, etc. are disclosed that include individual components comprising a polarization combiner, a Savart device and photodetection apparatus with substantially reduced temperature and alignment sensitivity operating in optical communication systems and/or subsystems. The various embodiments can be used alone or in such combinations to provide improved coherent optical signal processing in a receiver.

摘要翻译： 相干光信号处理在将幅度和/或角度调制的光信号转换成两个电信号的相干接收机（或诊断/测试装置）中执行。 简单的接收机只能检测信号的一个相位，只能检测与本机振荡器激光偏振对准的极化。 为了检测两相和两个极化，需要两组两个干涉仪，每个具有＆pgr / / 2相移。 公开了相干光信号处理方法，装置，技术等，其包括具有在光通信系统和/或子系统中操作的具有显着降低的温度和对准灵敏度的偏振组合器，Savart装置和光电检测装置的各个部件。 各种实施例可以单独使用或以这种组合使用以在接收器中提供改进的相干光信号处理。

公开(公告)号：US07609385B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-27

申请号：US11206622

申请日：2005-08-18

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01M11/00

摘要： Techniques for characterizing the response of an optical device comprising modulating at least one signal using the device; coupling the modulated signal with a reference signal in a variety of ways; detecting the coupled signals; and obtaining the response of the modulator by analyzing the detected signals, are described. In a heterodyne embodiment, the method includes modulating a first optical signal using the optical device to produce a modulated first optical signal, the modulated first optical signal is combined with a second optical signal in a different spectral region; and the response of the optical device is determined from the intensity of the combined optical signal. A homodyne method using various splitting and recombining of the modulated optical signal with a reference signal is also described.

摘要翻译： 用于表征光学装置的响应的技术，包括使用所述装置调制至少一个信号; 以多种方式将调制信号与参考信号耦合; 检测耦合信号; 并且通过分析检测到的信号来获得调制器的响应。 在外差实施例中，该方法包括使用该光学装置调制第一光信号以产生经调制的第一光信号，将调制的第一光信号与不同光谱区中的第二光信号组合; 并且根据组合的光信号的强度确定光学装置的响应。 还描述了使用调制光信号与参考信号的各种分离和重组的零差方法。

公开(公告)号：US07321454B2

公开(公告)日：2008-01-22

申请号：US11245760

申请日：2005-10-07

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Dan M. Marom

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Dan M. Marom

IPC分类号： G02B26/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/505 ,  G02B26/0833 ,  H04B10/5053

摘要： The invention includes a method and apparatus for modulating one or both of spectral phase and amplitude of a received optical signal. The apparatus includes a spatial dispersion mechanism for spatially dispersing the received optical signal to enable optical communication of the received optical signal to an array of modulators. The apparatus includes a modulating mechanism having a first modulating component and a second modulating component. A first portion of the spatially dispersed optical signal is incident on the first modulating component and a second portion of the spatially dispersed optical signal is incident on the second modulating portion. The apparatus further includes a controller coupled to the modulating mechanism. The controller is adapted for moving the first and second modulating components in a direction normal to their planes for modulating one or both of phase and amplitude of the received optical signal.

摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种用于调制所接收的光信号的频谱相位和幅度之一或两者的方法和装置。 该装置包括空间分散机构，用于空间分散接收的光信号，以使所接收的光信号能够与调制器的阵列进行光通信。 该装置包括具有第一调制部件和第二调制部件的调制机构。 空间分散的光信号的第一部分入射到第一调制分量上，空间分散的光信号的第二部分入射到第二调制部分上。 该装置还包括耦合到调制机构的控制器。 控制器适于沿着与其平面垂直的方向移动第一和第二调制分量，用于调制所接收的光信号的相位和幅度之一或两者。

公开(公告)号：US07298489B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-20

申请号：US11129244

申请日：2005-05-13

申请人： Christophe J. Dorrer

发明人： Christophe J. Dorrer

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01J11/00

摘要： An interferometric technique measures the time-dependent electric field of a periodic or a non-periodic (data-encoded) optical signal under test using samples of its interference with a reference source of short optical pulses. The reference signal is a sequence of optical pulses at a repetition rate different from that of the signal under test. The difference in repetition rates of the two signals performs a scanning of the relative delay between the two signals, i.e. each pulse from the reference signal will overlap with the signal under test at a different time. The real and imaginary part of each of the plurality of interference between the two signals are then measured to determine samples of the electric field of the optical signal under test at each of those times. When needed, various types of averaging are performed on the samples of the electric field. If the signal under test is a data-encoded source, averaging is performed on groups of samples corresponding to the same symbol state of the data-encoded source.

摘要翻译： 干涉技术使用其与短光脉冲的参考源的干涉的样本来测量正在测试的周期性或非周期性（数据编码的）光信号的时间依赖性电场。 参考信号是与被测信号不同的重复频率的一系列光脉冲。 两个信号的重复率的差异执行两个信号之间的相对延迟的扫描，即，来自参考信号的每个脉冲将在不同的时间与被测信号重叠。 然后测量两个信号之间的多个干扰中的每一个的实部和虚部，以确定在每个时刻的每个被测光信号的电场的采样。 当需要时，对电场的样本进行各种平均化。 如果被测信号是数据编码源，则对与数据编码源的相同符号状态相对应的采样组执行平均。

公开(公告)号：US07529481B1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-05

申请号：US10801481

申请日：2004-03-15

申请人： Christopher R. Doerr ,  Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Daniel C. Kilper ,  Michael G. Raymer ,  Howard R. Stuart ,  Peter J. Winzer

发明人： Christopher R. Doerr ,  Christophe J. Dorrer ,  Daniel C. Kilper ,  Michael G. Raymer ,  Howard R. Stuart ,  Peter J. Winzer

IPC分类号： H04B10/00

CPC分类号： G01J11/00

摘要： An optical data signal can be sampled by linearly combining the optical data signal with optical sampling pulses, and delivering the combination to first and second balanced detectors. The optical data signal and the optical sampling pulse are configured to have a first phase difference at the first balanced detector and a second phase difference at the second balanced detector. Typically, a difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is configured to be about 90 degrees. In-phase and quadrature balanced detector outputs can be combined as a sum of squares to produce a linear sampling signal representative of data signal intensity, and the sample pulses can be configured to temporally step through the optical data signal so that a sampled representation of the optical data signal is obtained.

摘要翻译： 可通过光学数据信号与光采样脉冲线性组合来对光数据信号进行采样，并将组合传送到第一和第二平衡检测器。 光学数据信号和光学采样脉冲被配置为在第一平衡检测器处具有第一相位差并且在第二平衡检测器处具有第二相位差。 通常，第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差被配置为大约90度。 同相和正交平衡检测器输出可以组合为平方和以产生表示数据信号强度的线性采样信号，并且采样脉冲可以被配置为在时间上跨越光学数据信号，使得采样的表示 获得光数据信号。