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公开(公告)号：US06905887B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US10192623
申请日：2002-07-09
申请人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Jeremy P. Hilton
发明人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Jeremy P. Hilton
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , H01L39/22 , H01L39/24 , H01L21/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/0354 , H01L39/225 , H01L39/2496 , Y10S505/874 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A solid state dc-SQUID includes a superconducting loop containing a plurality of Josephson junctions, wherein an intrinsic phase shift is accumulated through the loop. In an embodiment of the invention, the current-phase response of the dc-SQUID sits in a linear regime where directional sensitivity to flux through the loop occurs. Changes in the flux passing through the superconducting loop stimulates current which can be quantified, thus providing a means of measuring the magnetic field. Given the linear and directional response regime of the embodied device, an inherent current to phase sensitivity is achieved that would otherwise be unobtainable in common dc-SQUID devices without extrinsic intervention.
摘要翻译： 固态dc-SQUID包括包含多个约瑟夫逊结的超导回路，其中本征相移通过回路积累。 在本发明的一个实施例中，dc-SQUID的电流相位响应处于线性状态，其中发生通过环路的通量的方向灵敏度。 通过超导环路的通量的变化会刺激可量化的电流，从而提供测量磁场的方法。 给定所体现的装置的线性和方向响应方案，实现固有的电流到相位灵敏度，否则在相同的dc-SQUID装置中将无法获得，而不需要外部干预。
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公开(公告)号：US06784451B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US10321941
申请日：2002-12-17
IPC分类号： H01L3902
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , G01R33/0358 , H01L27/18 , Y10S977/933
摘要： In one embodiment, a two-junction phase qubit includes a superconducting loop and two Josephson junctions separated by a mesoscopic island on one side and a bulk loop on another side. The material forming the superconducting loop is a superconducting material with an order parameter that violates time reversal symmetry. In one embodiment, a two-junction phase qubit includes a loop of superconducting material, the loop having a bulk portion and a mesoscopic island portion. The loop further includes a relatively small gap located in the bulk portion. The loop further includes a first Josephson junction and a second Josephson junction separating the bulk portion from the mesoscopic island portion. The superconducting material on at least one side of the first and second Josephson junctions has an order parameter having a non-zero angular momentum in its pairing symmetry. In one embodiment, a qubit includes a superconducting loop having a bulk loop portion and a mesoscopic island portion. The superconducting loop further includes first and second Josephson junctions separating the bulk loop portion from the mesoscopic island portion. The superconducting loop further includes a third Josephson junction in the bulk loop portion. In one embodiment, the third Josephson junction has a Josephson energy relatively larger than a Josephson energy of the first and second Josephson junctions.
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公开(公告)号：US06627916B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09823895
申请日：2001-03-31
申请人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Jeremy P. Hilton
发明人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Jeremy P. Hilton
IPC分类号： H01L3922
CPC分类号： G01R33/0354 , H01L39/225 , H01L39/2496 , Y10S505/874 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A solid state dc-SQUID includes a superconducting loop containing a plurality of Josephson junctions, wherein an intrinsic phase shift is accumulated through the loop. In an embodiment of the invention, the current-phase response of the dc-SQUID sits in a linear regime where directional sensitivity to flux through the loop occurs. Changes in the flux passing through the superconducting loop stimulates current which can be quantified, thus providing a means of measuring the magnetic field. Given the linear and directional response regime of the embodied device, an inherent current to phase sensitivity is achieved that would otherwise be unobtainable in common dc-SQUID devices without extrinsic intervention.
摘要翻译： 固态dc-SQUID包括包含多个约瑟夫逊结的超导回路，其中本征相移通过回路积累。 在本发明的一个实施例中，dc-SQUID的电流相位响应处于线性状态，其中发生通过环路的通量的方向灵敏度。 通过超导环路的通量的变化会刺激可量化的电流，从而提供测量磁场的方法。 给定所体现的装置的线性和方向响应方案，实现固有的电流到相位灵敏度，否则在相同的dc-SQUID装置中将无法获得，而不需要外部干预。
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公开(公告)号：US06936841B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US10791617
申请日：2004-03-02
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A control system for an array of qubits is disclosed. The control system according to the present invention provides currents and voltages to qubits in the array of qubits in order to perform functions on the qubit. The functions that the control system can perform include read out, initialization, and entanglement. The state of a qubit can be determined by grounding the qubit, applying a current across the qubit, measuring the resulting potential drop across the qubit, and interpreting the potential drop as a state of the qubit. A qubit can be initialized by grounding the qubit and applying a current across the qubit in a selected direction for a time sufficient that the quantum state of the qubit can relax into the selected state. In some embodiments, the qubit can be initialized by grounding the qubit and applying a current across the qubit in a selected direction and then ramping the current to zero in order that the state of the qubit relaxes into the selected state. The states of two qubits can be entangled by coupling the two qubits through a switch. In some embodiments, the switch that is capable of grounding the qubits can also be utilized for entangling selected qubits.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于量子位阵列的控制系统。 根据本发明的控制系统为了在量子位上执行功能向量子位阵列中的量子位提供电流和电压。 控制系统可以执行的功能包括读出，初始化和纠缠。 量子位的状态可以通过对量子位进行接地，在量子位上施加电流，测量量子位上产生的电位降，并将潜在的下降解释为量子位的状态来确定。 可以通过将量子位接地并在选定方向上跨越量子位的电流施加一个量子位，以使量子位的量子态可以放松到所选择的状态。 在一些实施例中，可以通过将量子位接地并在所选方向上跨越量子位施加电流，然后将电流斜坡化为零，以使量子位的状态放松到所选择的状态来初始化量子位。 两个量子位的状态可以通过一个开关耦合两个量子位来纠缠。 在一些实施例中，能够使量子位接地的开关也可用于纠缠所选择的量子位。
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公开(公告)号：US06803599B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-12
申请号：US09872495
申请日：2001-06-01
IPC分类号： H01L2906
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A control system for an array of qubits is disclosed. The control system according to the present invention provides currents and voltages to qubits in the array of qubits in order to perform functions on the qubit. The functions that the control system can perform include read out, initialization, and entanglement. The state of a qubit can be determined by grounding the qubit, applying a current across the qubit, measuring the resulting potential drop across the qubit, and interpreting the potential drop as a state of the qubit. A qubit can be initialized by grounding the qubit and applying a current across the qubit in a selected direction for a time sufficient that the quantum state of the qubit can relax into the selected state. In some embodiments, the qubit can be initialized by grounding the qubit and applying a current across the qubit in a selected direction and then ramping the current to zero in order that the state of the qubit relaxes into the selected state. The states of two qubits can be entangled by coupling the two qubits through a switch. In some embodiments, the switch that is capable of grounding the qubits can also be utilized for entangling selected qubits.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于量子位阵列的控制系统。 根据本发明的控制系统为了在量子位上执行功能向量子位阵列中的量子位提供电流和电压。 控制系统可以执行的功能包括读出，初始化和纠缠。 量子位的状态可以通过对量子位进行接地，在量子位上施加电流，测量量子位上产生的电位降，并将潜在的下降解释为量子位的状态来确定。 可以通过将量子位接地并在选定方向上跨越量子位的电流施加一个量子位，以使量子位的量子态可以放松到所选择的状态。 在一些实施例中，可以通过将量子位接地并在所选方向上跨越量子位施加电流，然后将电流斜坡化为零，以使量子位的状态放松到所选择的状态来初始化量子位。 两个量子位的状态可以通过一个开关耦合两个量子位来纠缠。 在一些实施例中，能够使量子位接地的开关也可用于纠缠所选择的量子位。
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公开(公告)号：US06919579B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-19
申请号：US09839637
申请日：2001-04-20
申请人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Alexandre Blais
发明人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Alexandre Blais
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , H01L39/223 , H01L39/225 , H01L39/228 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and/or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.
摘要翻译： 固态量子计算量子位包括耦合到超导环路的多端子结，其中超导环路将相移引入超导阶数参数。 超导环路和多端子结中的超电流的基态是双重退化的，两个超级电流基态具有不同的磁矩。 超导环路中的超电流的这些量子态产生量子计算的量子位。 可以通过将输送电流施加到外部引线来初始化量子态。 可以通过改变传输电流和/或外部施加的磁场来执行任意的单量子比特操作。 可以使用量子位状态的磁矩的直接测量来执行读出，或者，当确定量子计算的结果时，可以使用射频单电子晶体管静电仪作为读出装置。 此外，如上所述的量子位可以形成用于执行受控量子计算计算的量子位的数组。 在一个示例中，可以使用量子位的阵列作为随机数发生器。
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公开(公告)号：US06987282B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-17
申请号：US09839636
申请日：2001-04-20
申请人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Alexandre Blais
发明人： Mohammad H. S. Amin , Timothy Duty , Alexander Omelyanchouk , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Alexandre Blais
IPC分类号： H01L39/22
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , H01L39/223 , H01L39/225 , H01L39/228 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and/or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.
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8.发明授权Superconducting dot/anti-dot flux qubit based on time-reversal symmetry breaking effects 有权基于时间反转对称破坏效应的超导点/反点通量量子位公开(公告)号：US06537847B2
公开(公告)日：2003-03-25
申请号：US10058181
申请日：2002-01-25
IPC分类号： H01L2100
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , H01L39/22 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A method is described for forming a solid state qubit. The method includes forming a dot or an anti-dot. The dot or anti-dot can be formed on a substrate and is delimited by an interface that defines a closed area. The dot or anti-dot includes a superconductive material with Cooper pairs that are in a state of non-zero orbital angular momentum on at least one side of the interface. The method includes removing superconducting material on the inner side of the interface or removing the outer side of the interface by etching. The method can further include forming a dot or an anti-dot by damaging the superconducting material such that the superconductive material becomes non-superconductive in predefined areas. The damaging of superconducting material can be performed by irradiation with particles, such as alpha particles or neutrons. The superconductive material can also be formed by doping a non-superconductive material.
摘要翻译： 描述了形成固态量子位的方法。 该方法包括形成点或反点。 点或反点可以形成在基底上，并且由限定封闭区域的界面限定。 点或反点包括具有Cooper对的超导材料，其在界面的至少一侧处于非零轨道角动量的状态。 该方法包括在界面的内侧除去超导材料或通过蚀刻除去界面的外侧。 该方法还可以包括通过损坏超导材料形成点或反点，使得超导材料在预定区域中变得不超导。 超导材料的破坏可以通过用诸如α粒子或中子的粒子照射进行。 超导材料也可以通过掺杂非超导材料来形成。
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公开(公告)号：US07335909B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-26
申请号：US10934049
申请日：2004-09-03
IPC分类号： H01L29/06
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A quantum computing structure comprising a superconducting phase-charge qubit, wherein the superconducting phase-charge qubit comprises a superconducting loop with at least one Josephson junction. The quantum computing structure also comprises a first mechanism for controlling a charge of the superconducting phase-charge qubit and a second mechanism for detecting a charge of the superconducting phase-charge qubit, wherein the first mechanism and the second mechanism are each capacitively connected to the superconducting phase-charge qubit.
摘要翻译： 包括超导相位电荷量子位的量子计算结构，其中所述超导相位电荷量子位包括具有至少一个约瑟夫逊结的超导环路。 量子计算结构还包括用于控制超导相位电荷量子位的电荷的第一机构和用于检测超导相电荷量子位的电荷的第二机构，其中第一机构和第二机构各自电容连接到 超导相位电荷量子位。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06504172B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-07
申请号：US09810818
申请日：2001-03-16
IPC分类号： H01L2906
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , H01L39/22 , Y10S977/933
摘要： A solid-state quantum computing structure includes a dot of superconductive material, where the superconductor possesses a dominant order parameter with a non-zero angular momentum and a sub-dominant order parameter that can have any pairing symmetry. Alternately a solid-state quantum computing structure includes an anti-dot, which is a region in a superconductor where the order parameter is suppressed. In either embodiment of the invention, circulating persistent currents are generated via time-reversal symmetry breaking effects in the boundaries between superconducting and insulating materials. These effects cause the ground state for the supercurrent circulating near the qubit to be doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents store quantum information, which creates the basis of qubits for quantum computing. Writing to the qubits and universal single qubit operations may be performed via the application of magnetic fields. Read-out of the information may be performed using a SQUID microscope or a magnetic force microscope.
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