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公开(公告)号：US4897321A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-30
申请号：US912274
申请日：1986-09-29
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster , Joseph A. Neff
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster , Joseph A. Neff
Abstract: A system and a method of controlled electrochemical power generation are disclosed. The system includes an electrochemical cell comprising an alkali metal anode, a cathode initially spaced about 10-25 mils from the anode to define a flow channel, an electrolyte comprising an aqueous solution of the hydroxide of the alkali metal and, for example, a separator system adapted for providing a substantially uniform pattern of flow of the electrolyte through the flow channel is utilized in a system and method of controlled power generation. Flow control valves may, for example, be used to control the volumetric flow rate of the electrolyte through the flow channel thereby attaining substantially uniform voltage from the cell.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种控制电化学发电的系统和方法。 该系统包括电化学电池，该电化学电池包括碱金属阳极，最初与阳极间隔大约10-25密耳的阴极以限定流动通道，包含碱金属氢氧化物的水溶液的电解质和例如分离器 适用于通过流动通道提供电解质的基本上均匀的流动模式的系统被用于受控发电的系统和方法。 流量控制阀可以例如用于控制通过流动通道的电解液的体积流量，从而获得来自电池的基本均匀的电压。
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公开(公告)号：US06384571B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-07
申请号：US09921021
申请日：2001-08-02
Applicant: Thomas A. Velez , Nicholas Shuster
Inventor： Thomas A. Velez , Nicholas Shuster
IPC: H01M1044
CPC classification number: H01M10/44 , H01M2/10 , H01M6/36 , H01M6/50 , H01M10/39 , H01M10/615 , H01M10/643 , H01M10/658
Abstract: The invention is a method of recharging a thermal battery after it has been activated and at least partially discharged and the battery is still at a temperature where the electrolyte is still active. The method comprises the step of at least partially recharging the battery prior to the battery temperature reaching a level where the electrolyte becomes non-active. The method optionally may include insulation or supplemental heater system about the thermal battery.
Abstract translation: 本发明是一种在热电池已经被激活并且至少部分地放电并且电池仍然处于电解质仍然活跃的温度之后对其进行充电的方法。 该方法包括在电池温度达到电解液变得不活跃的水平之前至少部分地再充电电池的步骤。 该方法可选地包括关于热电池的绝缘或补充加热器系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5665481A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-09
申请号：US557440
申请日：1995-11-14
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster , Harvey N. Seiger , Daniel J. Spak , David E. Harney
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster , Harvey N. Seiger , Daniel J. Spak , David E. Harney
CPC classification number: H01M12/06 , H01M4/8605 , H01M10/613 , H01M10/627 , H01M10/6562 , H01M2/26 , H01M2/34 , H01M2004/8689 , H01M8/04089
Abstract: A metal-air battery having a liquid electrolyte above which is an air plenum. The battery includes a horizontally or vertically disposed anode completely within the electrolyte and a reticulated cathode arrangement which floats at the surface of the electrolyte and can accommodate for changes in the liquid level.
Abstract translation: 具有液体电解质的金属空气电池，其上方是空气增压室。 电池包括完全在电解质内的水平或垂直设置的阳极和漂浮在电解质表面并可适应液面变化的网状阴极装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06346188B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-12
申请号：US09535626
申请日：2000-03-24
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster , Gregory J. Gabert
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster , Gregory J. Gabert
IPC: C23F1300
CPC classification number: C23F13/06 , C23F2201/02 , C23F2213/21
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cathodic protection system for inhibiting oxidation of a reinforcing member disposed within a cementitious structure. The system comprises a compact, autonomous battery adapted to mount to the cementitious structure at an open-air location, the battery having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, a conductor adapted to electrically connect the negative terminal of the battery to the reinforcing member of the cementitious structure, an anode jacket constructed of a cementitious material and being adapted to be placed in physical contact with the cementitious structure, and an anode disposed within the anode jacket and being adapted to be positioned proximate to a portion of the reinforcing member disposed within the cementitious structure that is to be cathodically protected, the anode being electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery.
Abstract translation: 本公开涉及一种用于抑制设置在水泥结构内的加强构件的氧化的阴极保护系统。 该系统包括适于在露天位置安装到水泥结构的紧凑型自主电池，电池具有正极端子和负极端子，导体适于将电池的负极端子电连接到电池的加强构件 水泥质结构，由水泥质材料构成并适于与水泥质结构物理接触的阳极护套以及设置在阳极护套内的阳极，并且适于定位成靠近设置在其内的加强构件的一部分 要被阴极保护的水泥结构，阳极电连接到电池的正极端子。
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公开(公告)号：US4290864A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-22
申请号：US147210
申请日：1980-05-06
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster , Andrew D. Babinsky , William E. Kidon
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster , Andrew D. Babinsky , William E. Kidon
CPC classification number: C25B1/22
Abstract: Chromic acid production is now simplified in a process using the concentrated dichromate typically available at an intermediate stage when chromic acid is produced from chrome ore. In the process, the dichromate is treated in a three-compartment cell as, for example, after removal of the sulfate or carbonate salt evolved in the overall production process. The dichromate feed enters the center compartment of the three-compartment cell and then flows through a porous diaphragm to the anode compartment of the cell and is electrolyzed at elevated current density. Depleted feed solution may be withdrawn from the center compartment and recirculated for reuse. Concentrated, water-white alkali product is produced in the cathode compartment. The anolyte from the cell, rich in chromic acid, can be concentrated, cooled, and the chromic acid recovered. Liquid removed from chromic acid recovery can be recirculated for subsequent electrolysis, as by combination with the feed. Both alkali product and anolyte chromic acid can be produced at enhanced current efficiency.
Abstract translation: 铬酸生产现在在使用浓缩的重铬酸盐的方法得到简化，当铬酸由铬矿生产时，通常可在中间阶段获得。 在此过程中，重铬酸盐在三室电池中进行处理，例如除去在整个生产过程中产生的硫酸盐或碳酸盐。 重铬酸盐进料进入三室电池的中心室，然后通过多孔隔膜流到电池的阳极室，并在升高的电流密度下进行电解。 废弃的进料溶液可以从中心室排出并再循环以供重新使用。 在阴极室产生集中的水白碱产品。 来自细胞的富含铬酸的阳极电解液可以被浓缩，冷却，并回收铬酸。 从铬酸回收中除去的液体可以通过与进料的组合再循环以用于随后的电解。 可以以提高的电流效率生产碱产品和阳极电解液铬酸。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US5525442A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US583062
申请日：1990-09-14
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster
CPC classification number: H01M6/34 , H01M2/16 , H01M2/1646 , H01M2/1653 , H01M6/04 , H01M6/24
Abstract: An alkali metal battery has an alkali metal anode such as lithium in an organic anolyte and a cathode in an aqueous catholyte. An ion conductive diaphragm allows ions to migrate between the anolyte and the catholyte while limiting the transport of water from the catholyte to the anolyte.In a preferred embodiment, the ion conductive diaphragm is nonporous so that there is no transport of water ion to the anolyte.The battery is particularly useful for long durations of up to a week or longer in seawater.
Abstract translation: 碱金属电池在有机阳极电解液中具有锂等碱金属阳极，在阴极电解液中具有阴极。 离子传导隔膜允许离子在阳极电解液和阴极电解液之间迁移，同时限制水从阴极电解液输送到阳极电解液。 在优选的实施方案中，离子导电隔膜是无孔的，因此不会将水离子运送到阳极电解液。 电池在海水长达一周或更长的长时间内特别有用。
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公开(公告)号：US5427873A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-27
申请号：US583061
申请日：1990-09-14
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster
Abstract: A lithium-water battery provides reliable power for long durations in the ocean at temperatures down to 0.degree. C. and pressures up to 680 atmospheres (10,000 psi) without the need for mechanical pumps or valves to admit reactant water from the ocean into the battery or to maintain a circulating electrolytic solution in the battery. The battery has a natural circulation, alkaline, aqueous electrolyte contained in the housing with a lithium anode and a cathode disposed in the electrolytic solution. A hydrophilic cation exchange membrane attached to the housing is disposed between the electrolytic solution and the ocean environment surrounding the battery for retaining the hydroxyl ions in the alkaline electrolytic solution while admitting water into the solution from the environment.Advantageously, a low power lithium-water battery can provide several watts at about 1.4-1.5 volts for up to a year or more anywhere in the ocean.
Abstract translation: 锂离子水电池在低于0℃的温度和高达680大气压（10,000 psi）的海洋中长时间持续供电，而无需机械泵或阀门将反应物水从海洋引入电池。 或维持电池中的循环电解液。 电池具有包含在外壳中的自然循环，碱性，电解质的电解质，锂电极和阴极设置在电解液中。 附着在壳体上的亲水性阳离子交换膜设置在电解液和围绕电池的海洋环境之间，用于将羟基离子保留在碱性电解液中，同时将水从环境中导入溶液中。 有利地，低功率锂水电池可以在大约1.4-1.5伏特下提供几瓦甚至一年或更长时间在海洋中的任何地方。
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公开(公告)号：US4384937A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-24
申请号：US43378
申请日：1979-05-29
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster , Andrew D. Babinsky
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster , Andrew D. Babinsky
CPC classification number: C25B1/22
Abstract: Chromic acid is now efficiently prepared in a process using dichromate, such as the dichromate typically available as an intermediate in the chromic acid production from chrome ore. In the process, the dichromate is introduced into the center compartment of a three-compartment electrolytic cell and dichromate-containing center compartment electrolyte flows through a porous diaphragm into the anode compartment of the cell. Electrolyte is introduced to the cell cathode compartment which is separated from the center compartment by a substantially hydraulically impermeable cation-exchange membrane means. During electrolysis, chromic acid is prepared in the anolyte and alkali product is produced in the catholyte.
Abstract translation: 铬酸现在可以在使用重铬酸盐的方法中有效地制备，例如通过铬酸盐生产铬酸生产中通常可得到的重铬酸盐。 在该过程中，将重铬酸盐引入三室电解池的中间室，并且含重铬酸盐的中心室电解质通过多孔隔膜流入电池的阳极室。 将电解质引入电池阴极室，其通过基本上液压不可渗透的阳离子交换膜装置与中心隔室分离。 在电解过程中，在阳极电解液中制备铬酸，并在阴极电解液中产生碱产物。
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公开(公告)号：US5652068A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-29
申请号：US557439
申请日：1995-11-14
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster , David E. Harney
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster , David E. Harney
CPC classification number: H01M12/06 , H01M6/50 , H01M8/04089
Abstract: A metal-air battery having a case within which is contained an anode, an air cathode and a liquid electrolyte, above which is an air plenum. The battery includes a standpipe arrangement which extends to a source of air for providing the necessary oxygen to the air plenum for proper battery operation.
Abstract translation: 一种金属空气电池，其具有包含阳极，空气阴极和液体电解质的壳体，在其上方是空气增压室。 该电池包括一个竖管装置，其延伸到空气源，以便为空气通风室提供必要的氧气以进行适当的电池操作。
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公开(公告)号：US5108856A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-28
申请号：US512010
申请日：1990-04-12
Applicant: Nicholas Shuster
Inventor： Nicholas Shuster
Abstract: A surfactant is present in an aqeuous alkaline electrolyte of a consumable metal anode electrochemical cell in a concentration sufficient to substantially reduce both the surface tension of the electrolyte and the rate of the parasitic corrosion reaction occurring between the electrolyte and the anode. The surfactant is useful in minimizing the harmful side effects, such as increased heat generation, anode consumption without producing useful energy and increased hydrogen gas production rates, such as are associated with the parasitic corrosion reaction experienced in such electrochemical cells.
Abstract translation: 表面活性剂存在于消耗性金属阳极电化学电池的碱性电解质中，其浓度足以显着降低电解质的表面张力和电解质与阳极之间发生的寄生腐蚀反应的速率。 表面活性剂可用于最小化有害的副作用，例如增加发热，阳极消耗而不产生有用能量和增加的氢气产生速率，例如与这种电化学电池中经历的寄生腐蚀反应相关。
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