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1.发明授权Method of generating X-ray images and device suitable for carrying out the method 失效产生X射线图像的方法和适用于执行该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US5341409A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US20499
申请日：1993-02-22
申请人： Norbert Conrads , Walter Hillen , Hanns-Ingo Maack , Stephan Rupp , Ingo Schafer , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Norbert Conrads , Walter Hillen , Hanns-Ingo Maack , Stephan Rupp , Ingo Schafer , Ulrich Schiebel
CPC分类号： G01T1/26
摘要： The invention relates to a method of generating X-ray images by means of a photoconductor which is provided on a conductive substrate and whose surface potential can be read by means of probes, and also relates to a device suitable for carrying out the method. In order to avoid image artefacts which could be caused by deviating sensitivities of the probes or by frequency-dependent distortions, after the charging of the photoconductor the substrate potential is varied during a test phase. Test data is generated which correspond to the spatial or temporal variation of the potential on the surface of the photoconductor; from this test data there is formed correction data which is stored in order to correct the image data of a subsequent X-ray exposure.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种通过设置在导电性基板上的感光体产生X射线图像的方法，其能够通过探针读取其表面电位，并且还涉及适用于实施该方法的装置。 为了避免可能由探针的灵敏度偏差或频率相关失真引起的图像伪影，在光电导体的充电之后，衬底电位在测试阶段变化。 产生对应于光电导体表面上的电位的空间或时间变化的测试数据; 根据该测试数据，形成校正数据，以便校正随后的X射线曝光的图像数据。
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2.发明授权Slit diaphragm system defining X-ray examination zone with visible light and for passing X-ray radiation to the defined zone 失效SLIT膜片系统定义具有可见光的X射线检查区，并将X射线辐射通向定义的区域
公开(公告)号：US5136627A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US566640
申请日：1990-08-13
申请人： Norbert Conrads , Walter Hillen
发明人： Norbert Conrads , Walter Hillen
摘要： At least one primary diaphragm comprises two elements displaceable so as to form a linear fan-shaped beam which is incident on an object to be examined. The elements form the slit-shaped aperture forming the fan beam in their normal X-ray beam forming position and are moveable to a respective, selectable limit position perpendicularly to the fan shaped beam in order to define and mark an examination zone greater in cross-section area than the fan beam with a light beam. Light incident on the examination zone is restricted by the diaphragm elements in their limit positions, thus marking the examination zone with the light beam. X-ray exposure of the object to be examined takes place only when the elements are between the two positions defining the examination zone of the primary diaphragm where its diaphragm elements occupy in their respective limit positions.
摘要翻译： 至少一个初级隔膜包括可移位的两个元件，以便形成入射在待检查物体上的直线扇形梁。 这些元件形成狭缝状的孔，在其正常的X射线束形成位置形成风扇光束，并且可移动到垂直于扇形光束的相应的可选极限位置，以便限定和标记检查区域， 截面面积大于扇形光束与光束。 入射在检查区的光线受限于隔膜元件的极限位置，从而用光束标记检查区域。 被检查物体的X射线曝光只有当元件位于限定主隔膜的检查区域的两个位置之间时，其隔膜元件在其各自的极限位置处占据。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for producing an X-ray image by means of a photoconductor 失效用于通过感光体制造X射线图像的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4752944A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US897578
申请日：1986-08-08
CPC分类号： H04N5/3205
摘要： A method and apparatus for producing an X-ray exposure by means of a photoconductor. Photoconductor defect locations which appear as artefacts in the X-ray image are eliminated by subtracting a compensated dark discharge image from the X-ray image.
摘要翻译： 一种通过光电导体产生X射线曝光的方法和装置。 通过从X射线图像中减去补偿的暗放电图像，消除了作为X射线图像中的伪像的光电导体缺陷位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5097493A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US655006
申请日：1991-02-12
申请人： Walter Hillen , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Walter Hillen , Ulrich Schiebel
CPC分类号： G03G15/054 , G01T1/2921
摘要： A plurality of electrometer probes scan the charge pattern of a photoconductor (1), the distance between the electrometer probes (6) and the photoconductor (1) being measured via an alternating voltage applied to the photoconductor (1). The alternating voltage is scanned by the electrometer probes and is filtered out to extract distance measuring signals. The output signals of all electrometer probes (6) are used for determining image values of the X-ray image, the output signals of at least some of the electrometer probes (6) also being used, via a suitable filter (23), for determining the distance measuring signals. An adjusting device adjusts the distance between the electrometer probes (6) and the photoconductor (1) continuously to a reference value, in dependence on the value of the measuring signals, during the scanning operation.
摘要翻译： 多个静电计探针扫描光电导体（1）的电荷图案，通过施加到光电导体（1）的交流电压测量静电计探针（6）和感光体（1）之间的距离。 交流电压由静电计探头扫描，并被过滤掉以提取距离测量信号。 所有静电计探针（6）的输出信号用于通过适当的过滤器（23）确定X射线图像的图像值，还使用至少一些静电计探针（6）的输出信号，用于 确定距离测量信号。 在扫描操作期间，调节装置根据测量信号的值将静电计探针（6）和感光体（1）之间的距离连续地调整到参考值。
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公开(公告)号：US4998266A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-05
申请号：US545672
申请日：1990-06-27
申请人： Walter Hillen , Peter Quadflieg , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Walter Hillen , Peter Quadflieg , Ulrich Schiebel
摘要： The invention relates to a device for producing X-ray images by means of a photoconductor which converts X-rays into a charge pattern, which photoconductor is charged prior to the X-ray exposure, its surface being scanned after the exposure in order to detect the charge pattern. Artefacts are liable to occur in an X-ray image when the exposure directly follows an X-ray exposure during which the photoconductor has received, at least in given areas, a high dose. These artegacts are avoided in accordance with the invention in that there is provided a recharging device which limits the decrease of the charge density on the surface of the photoconductor during the X-ray exposure to a predetermined value.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过将X射线转换为电荷图案的光电导体产生X射线图像的装置，该光电导体在X射线曝光之前被充电，其表面在曝光之后被扫描以便检测 电荷模式。 当曝光直接依赖于光电导体已经接收到的X射线曝光时，至少在给定区域中，高剂量时，易于在X射线图像中发生伪影。 根据本发明避免了这些拱形，因为提供了一种再充电装置，其限制了在X射线曝光期间光电导体的表面上的电荷密度的降低到预定值。
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公开(公告)号：US6058220A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-02
申请号：US157842
申请日：1993-11-24
申请人： Walter Hillen , Stephan Rupp , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Walter Hillen , Stephan Rupp , Ulrich Schiebel
摘要： A device for scanning an X-ray image where a previously locally uniformly charged photoconductor (1) is discharged in dependence on the local intensity, utilizing several electrometer probes which are arranged in a row and which line-wise scan the charge pattern of the photoconductor (1) which is successively displaced in the scanning direction, extending perpendicular to the line direction, the probes supplying, for each pixel, an image value which corresponds to a discharge at the relevant pixel. In order to eliminate streaky artefacts, the image values are applied to an analog-to-digital converter (5), the converted values being stored in an image memory (6), there being provided a signal processor (7) which subjects the image values of neighboring pixels in an image line to a low-pass filter function and which subjects the image values of pixels neighboring one another in the scanning direction to a high-pass filter function.
摘要翻译： 一种用于扫描X射线图像的装置，其中先前局部均匀充电的光电导体（1）根据局部强度被放电，利用排列成一行的几个静电计探针，并且逐行扫描光电导体的电荷图案 （1），其沿扫描方向连续移位，垂直于线方向延伸，所述探针为每个像素提供对应于相关像素处的放电的图像值。 为了消除条纹伪影，将图像值应用于模数转换器（5），将转换的值存储在图像存储器（6）中，提供了对图像进行拍摄的信号处理器（7） 将图像行中的相邻像素的值相对于低通滤波器功能，并且将扫描方向上彼此相邻的像素的图像值进行高通滤波器功能。
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公开(公告)号：US4894850A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-16
申请号：US236585
申请日：1988-08-25
申请人： Gottfried Frings , Walter Hillen , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Gottfried Frings , Walter Hillen , Ulrich Schiebel
摘要： The invention relates to the elimination of streak-like artefacts in slit radiography which are caused by an axial excursion of the rotary anode X-ray tube used for making the radiographs. These streaks can be eliminated by adapting the speed of displacement of the X-ray beam, the number of revolutions per unit time of the anode and the intensity profile of the radiation beam to one another so that for each point the intensity modulation in the half-shade area, caused by the periodic displacement of the focal point, is compensated for.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及消除由用于制作放射线照相的旋转阳极X射线管的轴向偏移引起的狭缝X线摄影中的条纹状伪影。 可以通过使X射线束的位移速度，阳极单位时间的转数和辐射束的强度分布相互适应来消除这些条纹，使得对于每个点，半径的强度调制 由于焦点的周期性位移引起的遮光面积被补偿。
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8.发明授权Method of scanning an X-ray image by means of electrometer probes, and device for performing the method 失效通过电子探针扫描X射线图像的方法，以及用于执行该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US5077765A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US614800
申请日：1990-11-14
申请人： Walter Hillen , Stephan Rupp , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Walter Hillen , Stephan Rupp , Ulrich Schiebel
CPC分类号： G01T1/2921 , G01T1/2964
摘要： A plurality of electrometer probes (3, 4, 5, 6) scan charge patterns of a photoconductor (1) which is locally uniformly charged prior to the X-ray exposure and is discharged by the exposure in dependence on the intensity of the X-rays. The surface of the photoconductor is scanned after the exposure in order to determine the charge density, the electrometer probes (3, 4, 5, 6) forming for each pixel a pixel value which corresponds to the discharge at the relevant pixel to compensate for sensitivity fluctuations of the electrometer probes included is a calibration operation for the sensitivity of all electrometer probes in that two probes (3, 4, 5, 6) scan an identical section (a.sub.1 . . . d.sub.3) of the image, their relative sensitivity used for correcting the pixel values is derived from comparison of the resultant output signals of the probes (3, 4, 5, 6).
摘要翻译： 多个静电计探针（3,4,5,6）扫描在X射线曝光之前局部均匀充电的光电导体（1）的电荷图案，并且通过曝光放电，依赖于X射线 射线 在曝光后扫描光电导体的表面以确定电荷密度，为每个像素形成对应于相关像素处的放电以补偿灵敏度的像素值的静电计探针（3,4,5,6） 包括的静电计探针的波动是所有静电计探针的灵敏度的校准操作，因为两个探针（3,4,5,6）扫描图像的相同部分（a1 ... d3），其相对灵敏度用于 通过比较所得到的探针（3,4,5,6）的输出信号，导出像素值的校正。
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公开(公告)号：US4760342A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-26
申请号：US829576
申请日：1986-02-14
CPC分类号： G01R29/24 , G01R1/06766
摘要： An electrostatic induction probe arrangement using several probes. The probe electrodes and the screen electrodes surrounding them are fitted to the end faces of a substrate arrangement, and the conducting paths leading to the preamplifiers are arranged in several parallel planes, perpendicular to the end face, in such a way that the signal-conducting paths connected to the probe electrodes are essentially screened by the screen-conducting paths connected to the screen electrodes.
摘要翻译： 使用几个探头的静电感应探头装置。 探针电极和围绕它们的屏幕电极装配到衬底布置的端面，并且通向前置放大器的导电路径以垂直于端面的几个平行平面布置，使得信号导通 连接到探针电极的路径基本上被连接到屏幕电极的屏幕传导路径屏蔽。
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10.发明授权Method of producing an X-ray exposure by means of a photoconductor and arrangement for carrying out the method 失效通过感光体制造X射线曝光的方法和用于实施该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US4975935A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-04
申请号：US450336
申请日：1989-12-13
申请人： Walter Hillen , Stephan Rupp , Ulrich Schiebel , Ingo Schafer
发明人： Walter Hillen , Stephan Rupp , Ulrich Schiebel , Ingo Schafer
IPC分类号： G03B42/02 , A61B6/00 , G01T1/29 , G03G15/054 , G03G15/22
CPC分类号： G01T1/2964 , G01T1/2921 , G03G15/054
摘要： The invention relates to a method of producing an X-ray exposure is provided by a photoconductor, which converts X-radiation into a charge pattern, is evenly charged locally before the X-ray exposure, is discharged by the exposure as a function of the intensity of the X-radiation and the surface of which is scanned after the exposure for detecting the charge density, an image value being formed for each image point, corresponding to the discharge at the image point. The measured image values may be falsified by the self-discharge of the photoconductor induced by X-radiation. Since the self-discharge always proceeds in accordance with the same time laws, the self-discharge effects are corrected utilizing the time of the scanning instants, i.e., position in time with respect to the X-ray exposure and the end of the charging of the photoconductor in conjunction with a characteristic discharge function of the photoconductor and a correction factor.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种由X射线转换成电荷图案的光电导体提供的X射线曝光的方法，其在X射线曝光之前被局部均匀地充电，作为曝光的函数被放电 用于检测电荷密度的X射线的强度和曝光后扫描其表面，对应于图像点处的放电，为每个图像点形成图像值。 测量的图像值可能被X辐射诱导的光电导体的自放电所伪造。 由于自放电总是按照相同的时间规律进行，所以使用扫描时刻的时间，即相对于X射线曝光的时间位置和充电结束来校正自放电效应 光电导体与光电导体的特征放电功能和校正因子相结合。
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