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公开(公告)号：US4503275A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-05
申请号：US532821
申请日：1983-09-16
IPC分类号： B01J31/10 , C07B61/00 , C07C27/00 , C07C29/10 , C07C31/20 , C07C43/15 , C07C43/162 , C07C45/49 , C07C67/00 , C07C29/00
CPC分类号： C07C43/162 , C07C29/10 , C07C43/15 , C07C45/49
摘要： Butane-1,4-diol is produced by converting allyl alcohol to an allyl t-alkyl or -cycloalkyl ether of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each, independently of the other, represent a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each, independently of the other, represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, or wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered or 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring, and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, followed by reacting resulting compound of formula (III) under hydroformylation conditions with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst to form a corresponding aldehyde-ether of the general formula: ##STR2## reducing resulting aldehyde-ether of the general formula (II) to form a corresponding hydroxy-ether of the general formula: ##STR3## and cleaving resulting hydroxy-ether of the general formula (II) to give butane-1,4-diol. Typically R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a methyl group while R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent a hydrogen atom. The alkene of the general formula: ##STR4## released upon cleavage of the hydroxy-ether of formula (II) can be recycled for reaction with further allyl alcohol to form a further quantity of the ether of the general formula (III).
摘要翻译： 丁烯-1,4-二醇是通过将烯丙醇转化为通式为（III）的烯丙基t-烷基或 - 环烷基醚制备的，其中R 1和R 2各自独立地表示C 1至C 4 烷基，R 3和R 4各自独立地表示氢原子或C 1至C 3烷基，或其中R 1表示C 1至C 4烷基，R 2和R 3与它们所连接的碳原子一起 形成5元或6元脂环族环，R4代表氢原子或C1至C3烷基，然后在加氢甲酰化存在下，在加氢甲酰化条件下使所得式（III）化合物与一氧化碳和氢气反应 催化剂形成相应的通式为醛的醚：（I）还原所得通式（II）的醛 - 醚，形成相应的通式为（II）的羟基醚和 切割得到的羟基醚一般为 （II），得到丁烷-1,4-二醇。 通常，R 1和R 2各自表示甲基，而R 3和R 4各自表示氢原子。 可以将通式（II）的羟基醚裂解后释放的通式为：（IV）的烯烃再循环进一步与另外的烯丙醇反应以形成另外的通式（III）的醚， 。
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公开(公告)号：US4383125A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-10
申请号：US139591
申请日：1980-04-11
IPC分类号： B01J31/00 , B01J31/24 , C07B61/00 , C07C43/15 , C07C43/188 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/49 , C07C45/50 , C07C47/198 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C07C47/198 , C07C43/15 , C07C43/188 , C07C45/49
摘要： Aldehyde ethers of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each, independently of the other, represent a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each, independently of the other, represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, or wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered or 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring, and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, and wherein Y represents --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --C.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 --CH (CH.sub.3)--, are prepared by hydroformylation of a corresponding compound of formula: ##STR2## by reaction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst, e.g. a rhodium complex catalyst. Preferred compounds include 4-t-butoxybutyraldehyde and 3-t-butoxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde. The compounds are useful chemical intermediates in the production of, for example, butane-1,4-diol, butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran.
摘要翻译： 通式为（I）的醛醚其中R 1和R 2各自独立地表示C 1〜C 4烷基，R 3和R 4各自独立地表示氢原子或C 1〜 C3烷基，或其中R1表示C1至C4烷基，R2和R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成5元或6元环脂环，R4表示氢原子或C1至 C 3烷基，其中Y代表-CH 2 -CH 2 -C 2或-CH 2 -CH（CH 3） - 是通过相应的式（IV）化合物的羰基化来制备的：通过与氢和一氧化碳在 存在加氢甲酰化催化剂，例如 铑配合物催化剂。 优选的化合物包括4-叔丁氧基丁醛和3-叔丁氧基-2-甲基丙醛。 该化合物是生产例如丁烷-1,4-二醇，丁内酯和四氢呋喃的有用的化学中间体。
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公开(公告)号：US4287127A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-01
申请号：US139568
申请日：1980-04-11
IPC分类号： C07C43/15 , C07C43/162 , C07C45/49 , C07D307/08
CPC分类号： C07D307/08 , C07C43/15 , C07C43/162 , C07C45/49
摘要： Tetrahydrofuran is produced by converting allyl alcohol to an allyl t-alkyl or -cycloalkyl ether of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each, independently of the other, represent a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each, independently of the other, represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, or wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered or 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring, and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, followed by reacting resulting compound of formula (III) under hydroformylation conditions with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst to form a corresponding aldehyde-ether of the general formula: ##STR2## reducing resulting aldehyde-ether of the general formula (I) a corresponding hydroxy-ether of the general formula: ##STR3## and cleaving resulting hydroxy-ether of the general formula (II) under dehydrating conditions to produce tetrahydrofuran. Typically R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a methyl group while R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent a hydrogen atom. The alkene of the general formula: ##STR4## released upon cleavage of the hydroxy-ether of formula (II) can be recycled for reaction with further allyl alcohol to form a further quantity of the ether of the general formula (III).
摘要翻译： 四氢呋喃是通过将烯丙醇转化为通式为（III）的烯丙基t-烷基或 - 环烷基醚制备的：其中R 1和R 2各自独立地表示C 1至C 4烷基，R 3和 R 4各自独立地表示氢原子或C 1至C 3烷基，或其中R 1表示C 1至C 4烷基，R 2和R 3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成5元或 6元环脂族环，R4代表氢原子或C1-C3烷基，然后在加氢甲酰化催化剂存在下，在加氢甲酰化条件下使所得式（III）化合物与一氧化碳和氢气反应形成相应的醛 （I）将通式（I）的所得醛 - 醚还原成相应的通式为：（II）的羟基醚，并将所得羟基醚除去，得到通式 式（II） 在脱水条件下生产四氢呋喃。 通常R 1和R 2各自表示甲基，而R 3和R 4各自表示氢原子。 可以将通式（II）的羟基醚裂解后释放的通式为：（IV）的烯烃再循环进一步与另外的烯丙醇反应以形成另外的通式（III）的醚， 。
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公开(公告)号：US4414420A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-08
申请号：US366166
申请日：1982-04-07
IPC分类号： B01J31/00 , B01J31/24 , C07B61/00 , C07C43/15 , C07C43/188 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/49 , C07C45/50 , C07C47/198 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C07C47/198 , C07C43/15 , C07C43/188 , C07C45/49
摘要： Aldehyde ethers of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each, independently of the other, represent a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each, independently of the other, represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, or wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered or 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring, and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical, and wherein Y represents --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 --CH (CH.sub.3)--, are prepared by hydroformylation of a corresponding compound of formula. ##STR2## by reaction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst, e.g. a rhodium complex catalyst. Preferred compounds include 4-t-butoxybutyraldehyde and 3-t-butoxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde. The compounds are useful chemical intermediates in the production of, for example, butane-1,4-diol, butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran.
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公开(公告)号：US4767869A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-30
申请号：US80059
申请日：1987-07-31
申请人： George E. Harrison , Norman Harris
发明人： George E. Harrison , Norman Harris
IPC分类号： C07D307/33 , C07D315/00 , B01D3/34 , C07D307/02
CPC分类号： C07D315/00
摘要： A process is described for the production of substantially pure gamma-butyrolactone from a feed mixture containing a major amount of gamma-butyrolactone and a minor amount of diethyl succinate which comprises fractionally distilling the mixture in a fractionation zone in the presence of added diethyl maleate and recovering from the fractionation zone an overhead vaporous product comprising gamma-butyrolactone which is substantially free from diethyl succinate and a liquid bottom product comprising diethyl maleate and diethyl succinate in admixture one with another. This procedure can be used to separate a gamma-butyrolactone rich fraction obtained by distillation in one or more stages of a crude reaction product obtained by hydrogenation of a C.sub.4 dicarboxylic acid ester feedstock that contains a major molar amount of diethyl maleate and a minor molar amount of diethyl succinate, using a diethyl maleate feedstock from an esterification plant to provide both diethyl maleate for use in the fractionation zone and also diethyl maleate for use as feedstock for the hydrogenation process.
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公开(公告)号：US4287370A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-01
申请号：US132292
申请日：1980-03-20
申请人： Norman Harris , Alan J. Dennis , Thomas F. Shevels
发明人： Norman Harris , Alan J. Dennis , Thomas F. Shevels
CPC分类号： C07C45/50
摘要： n-Valeraldehyde is produced by hydroformylation of butene-1 in the presence of one or more of cis- and trans-butene-2 and iso-butylene using a rhodium complex catalyst such as HRh(CO)PPh.sub.3).sub.3. Reaction conditions include use of at least about 100 moles of free triorganophosphine per gram atom of rhodium, a temperature of about 80.degree. C. to about 130.degree. C., a total pressure of not more than about 50 kg/cm.sup.2 absolute, a partial pressure of carbon monoxide of not more than about 1.5 kg/cm.sup.2 absolute, and a partial pressure of hydrogen of from about 1.0 to about 7.5 kg/cm.sup.2 absolute. An n-/iso-ratio of 20:1 and a conversion efficiency of butene-1 to n-valeraldehyde of over 85% are possible under these conditions with essentially no resin formation despite the presence of iso-butylene. The n-/iso-valeraldehyde mixture can be aldolized and reduced without intermediate purification to give a commercially acceptable C.sub.10 -plasticizer alcohol.
摘要翻译： 在使用铑络合物催化剂如HRh（CO）PPh 3）3的一种或多种顺式 - 和反式 - 丁烯-2和异丁烯的存在下，丁烯-1的加氢甲酰化产生正戊醛。 反应条件包括使用至少约100摩尔游离三有机膦/克原子铑，温度约80℃至约130℃，总压力不超过约50千克/厘米2绝对值，部分 一氧化碳压力绝对不超过约1.5kg / cm2，绝对压力为约1.0至约7.5kg / cm2的氢分压。 在这些条件下，即使存在异丁烯也基本上没有树脂形成，可以使20:1的n- /等比率和丁烯-1与正戊醛的转化效率在85％以上。 正 - 异戊醛混合物可以醛化和还原而不进行中间纯化，得到商业上可接受的C10增塑剂酒精。
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7.发明申请High speed generator with rotor coil support assemblies secured to interlamination disks 失效具有转子线圈支撑组件的高速发电机固定到分层盘公开(公告)号：US20050023924A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-03
申请号：US10629999
申请日：2003-07-29
申请人： Gerald Tornquist , Gregor McDowall , Mingzhou Xu , David Kane , Norman Harris
发明人： Gerald Tornquist , Gregor McDowall , Mingzhou Xu , David Kane , Norman Harris
摘要： A rotor for a high speed generator is constructed of a plurality of laminations and interlamination disks, which are disposed between each of the laminations. A coil support assembly is disposed within each of the rotor interpole regions and is secured to the interlamination disks.
摘要翻译： 用于高速发生器的转子由多个叠片和层间盘构成，它们设置在每个叠片之间。 线圈支撑组件设置在每个转子极间区域内并固定到层间盘。
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公开(公告)号：US20050212373A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-29
申请号：US10807724
申请日：2004-03-24
申请人： Gregor McDowall , Norman Harris , Bruce Nelson
发明人： Gregor McDowall , Norman Harris , Bruce Nelson
CPC分类号： H02K3/527
摘要： A wedge-shaped member to restrain coil windings of a generator rotor from moving under centrifugal force. The wedge-shaped, substantially hollow member including a first plate, a second plate positioned opposite the first plate and positioned at an angle relative to the first plate, and one or more reinforcing members coupled between the first plate and the second plate. The wedge-shaped member is configured to fit between the core poles of a generator. A plurality of holes in the first and/or second plates permit a bonding material to adhere to adjacent coil windings and spread through the holes.
摘要翻译： 用于限制发电机转子的线圈绕组在离心力下移动的楔形构件。 所述楔形基本上中空的构件包括第一板，与所述第一板相对定位并且相对于所述第一板以一定角度定位的第二板以及联接在所述第一板和所述第二板之间的一个或多个加强构件。 楔形构件构造成配合在发电机的核心极之间。 第一和/或第二板中的多个孔允许接合材料粘附到相邻的线圈绕组并扩展穿过孔。
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公开(公告)号：US4751334A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US901450
申请日：1986-07-21
申请人： Keith Turner , Mohammad Sharif , Colin Rathmell , John W. Kippax , Anthony B. Carter , John Scarlett , Arthur J. Reason , Norman Harris
发明人： Keith Turner , Mohammad Sharif , Colin Rathmell , John W. Kippax , Anthony B. Carter , John Scarlett , Arthur J. Reason , Norman Harris
IPC分类号： C07C29/149 , C07C29/17 , C07D307/08 , C07C29/136 , C07C31/20
CPC分类号： C07C29/149 , C07C29/177 , C07D307/08
摘要： Butane-1,4-diol is produced by vapor phase hydrogenolysis of an alkyl ester of a C.sub.4 dicarboxylic acid, e.g. diethyl maleate, over a reduced Cu-Cr or Cu-Zn mixed oxide catalyst. Two adiabatic hydrogenolysis zones are used. The mixture exiting the first of these zones is cooled (by, for example, 5.degree. C.) and the resulting cooled mixture is fed to the second zone in which is reequilibriates at a lower temperature to increase the butane-1,4-diol yield at the expense of gamma-butyrolactone. Typical reaction conditions include use of temperatures of 150.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., pressures of 25 to 70 bar, and a H.sub.2 :ester molar ratio of 100:1 to 800:1. When using a maleate ester it is often advantageous to hydrogenate this to the corresponding succinate ester in an upstream hydrogenation zone prior to entry to the first hyrogenolysis zone.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB85 / 00524 Sec。 一九八六年七月二十一日 102（e）日期1986年7月21日PCT提交1985年11月18日PCT公布。 出版物WO86 / 03189 日期：1986年6月5日。丁烷-1,4-二醇是通过C4二羧酸烷基酯的气相氢解制备的。 马来酸二乙酯，还原的Cu-Cr或Cu-Zn混合氧化物催化剂。 使用两个绝热的氢解区。 将离开这些区域中的第一个区域的混合物冷却（例如5℃），将得到的冷却的混合物进料至第二区域，在较低温度下将其重新配位，以增加丁烷-1,4-二醇 产量以γ-丁内酯为代价。 典型的反应条件包括使用150℃至200℃的温度，25至70巴的压力和100:1至800:1的H 2：酯摩尔比。 当使用马来酸酯时，通常有利的是在进入第一个氢解区之前将其氢化为上游氢化区中的相应的琥珀酸酯。
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公开(公告)号：US06632330B1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-14
申请号：US09806112
申请日：2001-06-05
IPC分类号： B01D340
摘要： A process for the recovery of substantially pure alkyl alkanoate, such as ethyl acetate, from an impure feedstock. The impure feedstock is contacted with a selective hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a selective hydrogenation zone maintained under selective hydrogenation conditions effective for selective hydrogenation of impurities containing reactive carbonyl groups thereby to hydrogenate the impurities to the corresponding alcohols. After recovery from the selective hydrogenation zone of a selectively hydrogenated reaction product mixture including the alkyl alkanoate and the corresponding alcohols, this is distilled in one or more distillation zones so as to produce substantially pure alkyl alkanoate therefrom which is recovered.
摘要翻译： 从不纯的原料中回收基本上纯的烷基链烷酸酯如乙酸乙酯的方法。 在选择性加氢区域中，在选择性加氢区域中，不纯的原料与选择性氢化催化剂接触，所述选择性加氢区域保持在有选择氢化含有反应性羰基的杂质的氢化条件下，从而将杂质氢化成相应的醇。 从包括烷基链烷酸酯和相应的醇的选择性氢化反应产物混合物的选择性氢化区回收后，将其在一个或多个蒸馏区中蒸馏，从而从其中回收出基本上纯的烷基链烷酸酯。
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