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公开(公告)号：US5044942A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US571742
申请日：1990-08-23
Applicant: Ashok U. Chatwani , Rajiv Tiwary , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Oswald L. Zappa
Inventor： Ashok U. Chatwani , Rajiv Tiwary , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Oswald L. Zappa
Abstract: Process and furnace for producing clinkered cement pellets from pellets of cement-forming batch materials without melting, fusion and agglomeration of said pellets. The furnace comprises an elongate vertical suspension shaft having top, intermediate and bottom portions. Pellets are fed at the top and heated to calcining temperatures before exiting the shaft into a pre-clinkering zone beyond the bottom. The pellets are heated to pre-clinkering temperatures and deposited on a porous pellet bed through which cooling air is forced to control the exothermic clinkering reaction and to regulate the speed at which the pellets migrate through the shaft.
Abstract translation: 用于生产熟料水泥颗粒的方法和炉子，其从水泥成型批料的颗粒生产而不熔化，熔融和聚集所述颗粒。 该炉包括具有顶部，中间和底部的细长垂直悬挂轴。 颗粒在顶部进料并在离开轴之前加热至煅烧温度进入超过底部的预熟化区域。 将颗粒加热至预熟化温度并沉积在多孔颗粒床上，冷却空气通过该颗粒床被迫控制放热的熟料反应并调节颗粒通过轴移动的速度。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4975046A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-04
申请号：US467132
申请日：1990-01-18
Applicant: Jaime A. Woodroffe , Oswald L. Zappa
Inventor： Jaime A. Woodroffe , Oswald L. Zappa
Abstract: Process and furnace for producing clinkered cement pellets from pellets of cement-forming batch materials without melting, fusion and agglomeration of said pellets. The furnace comprises an elongate vertical suspension shaft having top, intermediate and bottom portions. Pellets are fed at the top and heated to calcining temperatures before exiting the shaft into a pre-clinkering zone beyond the bottom. The pellets are heated to pre-clinkering temperatures and deposited on a porous pellet bed through which cooling air is forced to control the exothermic clinkering reaction and to regulate the speed at which the pellets migrate through the shaft.
Abstract translation: 用于生产熟料水泥颗粒的方法和炉子，其从水泥成型批料的颗粒生产而不熔化，熔融和聚集所述颗粒。 该炉包括具有顶部，中间和底部的细长垂直悬挂轴。 颗粒在顶部进料并在离开轴之前加热至煅烧温度进入超过底部的预熟化区域。 将颗粒加热至预熟化温度并沉积在多孔颗粒床上，冷却空气通过该颗粒床被迫控制放热的熟料反应并调节颗粒通过轴移动的速度。
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公开(公告)号：US4762487A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-09
申请号：US84817
申请日：1987-08-13
Applicant: Oswald L. Zappa
Inventor： Oswald L. Zappa
CPC classification number: F23C15/00
Abstract: A pulsed combustor comprising at least one aerodynamic diode, a diffuser, fuel injectors, combustion chamber/duct, igniters, and muffler providing plug type flow with successive ignition and wave generation at the hot gas interface of the previous pulse. The downstream wave of each pulse propagates through the muffler whereas the upstream wave of each such pulse is at least partially reflected downstream with the diode(s) and diffuser minimizing reverse flow and maximizing pressure gain in the cumbustor.
Abstract translation: 包括至少一个空气动力二极管，扩散器，燃料喷射器，燃烧室/管道，点火器和消声器的脉冲燃烧器，其提供在先前脉冲的热气体界面处具有连续点火和波浪产生的塞子型流。 每个脉冲的下游波通过消音器传播，而每个这样的脉冲的上游波至少部分地被反射向下游，二极管和扩散器使反向流动最小化并使燃烧器中的压力增益最大化。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4328443A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-04
申请号：US129469
申请日：1980-03-11
Applicant: Oswald L. Zappa
Inventor： Oswald L. Zappa
CPC classification number: H01J33/04
Abstract: An electron beam device having a vacuum chamber in which an electron beam generator generates a directed stream of electrons. An electron beam window comprising a foil which seals the vacuum chamber is in the path of the stream of electrons and permits passage of the stream of electrons into a working region exterior of the chamber and adjacent the electron beam window. An electrode is positioned closely adjacent the foil and a second electrode is spaced from the foil to form an elongated working or, in the case of a laser, a lasing region between them. The electrodes are maintained at a high electrical potential which, along with the electron beam, molecularly excites a gaseous working medium between the electrodes. The included angle of electrons passing through and scattered by the foil is limited and the electron beam confined to a desired region by an external shield or bezel overlying the foil. The bezel is provided with a series of openings which may be in the form of holes or slots of predetermined depth, size and spacing one from another to provide the electrons emerging from the foil with a desired included angle of emergence while maintaining losses at a minimum.
Abstract translation: 一种具有真空室的电子束装置，其中电子束产生器产生指向的电子流。 包括密封真空室的箔的电子束窗处于电子流的路径中，并且允许电子流通过室的外部和电子束窗附近的工作区域。 电极被定位成紧邻箔片，并且第二电极与箔间隔开以形成细长的工作，或者在激光的情况下，它们之间的激光区域。 电极被保持在高电位，其与电子束一起在电极之间分子上激发气态工作介质。 通过箔散射的电子的夹角受到限制，电子束通过覆盖箔的外部屏蔽或边框限制在所需区域。 边框设置有一系列开口，其可以是预定深度，尺寸和间隔的孔或狭槽的形式，以便以期望的包围角度出现，从而提供从箔出现的电子，同时将损失保持在最小 。
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公开(公告)号：US4321558A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-23
申请号：US129459
申请日：1980-03-11
Applicant: Oswald L. Zappa
Inventor： Oswald L. Zappa
CPC classification number: H01S3/036
Abstract: The working parts of a flowing gas laser are enclosed within an airtight housing comprising a first plenum separated from a second plenum. Blower means comprising one or more modules is provided with gas inlet means for receiving gaseous lasing medium from the second plenum and gas outlet means for exhausting the lasing medium to the first plenum. Means defining a lasing region are provided with gas inlet means for receiving lasing medium from the first plenum and gas outlet means for exhausting the lasing medium to the second plenum. The blower means provides a differential pressure across the lasing region sufficient to provide the desired flow of lasing medium through the lasing region. Due to the action of the blower means, lasing medium is caused to circulate from it to and through the lasing region and back to and through the blower means. Heat exchanger means for maintaining the lasing medium at a desired temperature is coupled to a diffuser at the outlet of the lasing region and/or a diffuser at the outlet of the blower means.
Abstract translation: 流动气体激光器的工作部件被封闭在气密壳体内，包括与第二增压室分离的第一增压室。 包括一个或多个模块的鼓风装置设置有用于从第二增压室接收气体激光介质的气体入口装置和用于将激光介质排出到第一增压室的气体出口装置。 限定激光区域的装置设置有用于从第一气室接收激光介质的气体入口装置和用于将激光介质排出到第二增压室的气体出口装置。 鼓风装置提供跨越激光区域的压差，足以提供期望的激光介质流通过激光区域。 由于鼓风装置的作用，使激光介质从其流过并穿过激光区域并返回并通过鼓风机装置。 用于将激光介质保持在期望温度的热交换器装置连接到激光区域的出口处的扩散器和/或在鼓风机装置的出口处的扩散器。
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公开(公告)号：US4283686A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US22259
申请日：1979-03-21
Applicant: Jack D. Daugherty , Arthur R. Kantrowitz , George W. Sutton , Oswald L. Zappa
Inventor： Jack D. Daugherty , Arthur R. Kantrowitz , George W. Sutton , Oswald L. Zappa
CPC classification number: H01S3/095
Abstract: In a pulsed gas laser, pulses of electrical or other energy are desirably converted in part into pulses of quantum mechanical pumping of the lasable gas, and unavoidably converted in part into pulses of heating of the lasable gas. According to this invention, efficiency and economy of operation are enhanced by exploiting the pulses of heating to propel and recirculate the gas through cooling means to freshen it thermally for further cycles of lasing, utilizing a structure comprising an acoustically tuned duct and an acoustic diode to establish proper phasing and direction of the pulsed and recirculating operation. The invention, although applicable to other gas lasers, is particularly applicable to electron beam ionized, electrical current sustained lasers. The invention reduces if not eliminates the cost, bulk and other disadvantages of a mechanical pump or other conventional recirculation equipment. Cooling of the recirculating gas is accomplished, at least in part and preferably in large measure, by injection of make-up gas of the lasable gas composition under cooling conditions.
Abstract translation: 在脉冲气体激光器中，期望将电或其他能量的脉冲部分转换为可激光气体的量子机械泵浦的脉冲，并且不可避免地将部分转换成可激光气体的加热脉冲。 根据本发明，通过利用加热脉冲来促进气体通过冷却装置再循环以使其再热以进一步循环激光来增强操作的效率和经济性，利用包括声学调谐的管道和声二极管的结构， 建立脉冲和循环操作的适当定相和方向。 本发明虽然适用于其他气体激光器，但特别适用于电子束电离的电流持续激光器。 本发明降低了如果不消除机械泵或其他常规再循环设备的成本，体积和其他缺点。 至少部分和优选地通过在冷却条件下注射可激光气体组合物的补充气体来完成再循环气体的冷却。
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