公开(公告)号：US4344686A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-17

申请号：US133127

申请日：1980-03-24

申请人： Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron

发明人： Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron

IPC分类号： G03B13/18 ,  G03B17/20 ,  G03B13/02

CPC分类号： G03B17/20 ,  G03B13/18

摘要： A photographic still or motion-picture camera has a viewfinder and a manually moved focus adjuster, such as a focussing ring. When the user peers into the viewfinder, there is a visible indication of the direction in which the focus adjuster should be manually moved to reduce the state-of-focus error, for example two curved illuminated errors, one pointing clockwise and the other counterclockwise, only one of which lights up to indicate the direction in which the focussing ring should be manually turned. When the state-of-focus error has been reduced to zero or a minimum, this is likewise indicated, for example because neither curved arrow is illuminated. To control the activation of the indicating elements, use can be made of components of a conventional completely automatic focussing system, but minus the adjusting motor of such system and minus superfluous motor-energization control circuitry. In this way, the user is provided a simple and unequivocal guide when manually focussing, without the cost, complexity, bulkiness and power consumption of a complete automatic focussing system including an adjusting motor and motor-energization control circuitry.

摘要翻译： 照相静止或动态相机具有取景器和手动移动的焦点调节器，例如聚焦环。 当用户对准取景器时，存在可以手动移动聚焦调节器的方向的可见指示，以减少聚焦误差，例如两个弯曲的发光错误，一个指向顺时针方向，另一个指向逆时针方向， 只有其中一个亮起来指示聚焦环手动转动的方向。 当聚焦误差已经降低到零或最小时，这同样被指示，例如因为没有弯曲的箭头被照亮。 为了控制指示元件的激活，可以使用常规的全自动聚焦系统的部件，但是减去这种系统的调节电机和减去多余的电动机通电控制电路。 以这种方式，在手动聚焦的情况下，向用户提供简单而明确的指导，而无需包括调节电机和电动机通电控制电路的完整自动聚焦系统的成本，复杂性，蓬松性和功耗。

公开(公告)号：US4251143A

公开(公告)日：1981-02-17

申请号：US959875

申请日：1978-11-13

申请人： Otto Stemme ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Peter Lermann

发明人： Otto Stemme ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Peter Lermann

IPC分类号： G02B7/34 ,  G03B13/20 ,  G03B3/00 ,  G01J1/44

CPC分类号： G03B13/20 ,  G02B7/34

摘要： A camera includes a viewfinder, an objective and a manually operated focus adjuster. An optical system located in the path of incoming image light splits the incoming image light beam into two component beams projected into respective first and second focal planes. First and second planar arrays of photosensitive elements are located in respective first and second photodetector planes. When the objective is correctly focussed and then defocussed in a first direction, the sharpness of the image on the first array increases and that on the other decreases; if the objective is defocussed in the opposite direction, the opposite occurs. A comparator has two outputs, connected to the elements of the first and second arrays via respective first and second circuit branches. Each circuit branch includes at least one subtractor producing an absolute-value output signal independent of the polarity of the difference between the input signals applied thereto. The subtractor inputs are connected to the outputs of respective elements of the respective one of the two arrays. The comparator output signal controls an indication, visible in the camera viewfinder, informing the user of the direction in which he should manually move the focus adjuster to improve the state of focus.

摘要翻译： 相机包括取景器，物镜和手动调焦​​器。 位于输入图像光路径中的光学系统将入射的图像光束分解成投影到相应的第一和第二焦平面中的两个分量光束。 感光元件的第一和第二平面阵列位于相应的第一和第二光电检测器平面中。 当目标被正确地聚焦，然后在第一方向上聚焦时，第一阵列上的图像的清晰度增加，另一方降低; 如果目标在相反的方向散焦，则发生相反的情况。 比较器具有两个输出，经由相应的第一和第二电路分支连接到第一和第二阵列的元件。 每个电路分支包括至少一个减法器，产生与施加到其上的输入信号之间的差异的极性无关的绝对值输出信号。 减法器输入连接到两个阵列中的相应一个的相应元件的输出。 比较器输出信号控制相机取景器中可见的指示，通知用户手动移动对焦调节器的方向以改善对焦状态。

公开(公告)号：US4214824A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-29

申请号：US3809

申请日：1979-01-16

申请人： Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Istvan Cocron

发明人： Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Istvan Cocron

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G02B7/30 ,  G03B13/02

CPC分类号： G02B7/30

摘要： A photographic camera has an exposure objective and a focus adjuster device for changing the subject-distance setting of the exposure objective, as well as a transducer generating actual-setting signals dependent upon the setting of the focus adjuster device. An evaluating circuit, operative for ascertaining camera-to-subject distance on one basis or another, produces digital required-setting signals, expressed using a first encoding scheme, whereas the actual-setting signals generated by the aforementioned transducer are expressed using a different, second encoding scheme. The actual-setting signals are applied to the first input of a comparator stage, whose second input receives a transformed version of the required-setting signals, transformed from the first to the second encoding scheme, i.e., so that the comparator can compare, in a direct and simple way, the actual-setting signals and required-setting signals against each other with both signals expressed in accordance with one and the same encoding scheme. The output signals produced by the comparator control indicator which informs the user of the direction in which the manual focus adjuster of the camera should be moved to improve the camera's state of focus, and/or control the energization of an electric motor or other electromagnetic positioning device operative for controlling the setting of the focus adjusting device.

摘要翻译： 照相机具有用于改变曝光目标的被摄体距离设置的曝光目标和焦点调节装置，以及根据聚焦调节装置的设置产生实际设定信号的换能器。 用于确定基于一个或多个摄像机对被摄体距离的评估电路产生使用第一编码方案表示的数字需要设置信号，而由上述传感器产生的实际设置信号是使用不同的， 第二编码方案。 实际设置信号被施加到比较器级的第一输入端，比较器级的第二输入接收从第一编码方案变换到第二编码方案的所需设置信号的变换版本，即比较器可以 一种直接和简单的方式，实际设置信号和所需设置信号彼此具有根据同一编码方案表示的两个信号。 由比较器控制指示器产生的输出信号，其通知用户应该移动照相机的手动对焦调节器的方向以改善照相机的聚焦状态，和/或控制电动机或其它电磁定位的通电 用于控制聚焦调节装置的设置的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4345827A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-24

申请号：US188600

申请日：1980-09-19

申请人： Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron

发明人： Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G01C3/06 ,  G01S13/08 ,  G01S17/08 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G08B13/181 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G03B7/08

CPC分类号： G01S13/08 ,  G01S17/08

摘要： A distance measuring system generates an in-range signal when an object is located within a range of focus or a zone of protection, as the case may be. The system utilizes a single infrared transmitter and two receivers in order to determine the position of the object by triangulation.

摘要翻译： 当物体位于聚焦范围或保护区域（视情况而定）时，距离测量系统产生范围内信号。 该系统利用单个红外发射器和两个接收器，以通过三角测量来确定物体的位置。

公开(公告)号：US4230400A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-28

申请号：US964736

申请日：1978-11-29

申请人： Richard Wick ,  Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Karl Wagner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

发明人： Richard Wick ,  Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Karl Wagner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

IPC分类号： G03B7/08 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G03B13/36 ,  G03B17/20 ,  G03B19/02 ,  G03B7/081 ,  G03B7/099 ,  G03B13/18

CPC分类号： G02B7/32 ,  G03B17/20

摘要： A focussing system emits an infrared light beam towards the subject, the reflected beam passing through an infrared filter and being projected by a spot optics as a small spot onto a pair of photosensitive elements. The spot optics shifts in a plane normal to the camera's optical axis in dependence upon rotation of the camera's focussing ring, to vary the distribution of the reflected beam onto the two elements, the distribution being equal between them when the state of focus is correct. A circuit derives, from the output signals of the two photosensitive elements, a state-of-focus signal used to automatically focus or else to indicate to the user the direction in which he should manually adjust focus. When focussing is finished, the photosensitive elements are disconnected from the focussing circuitry and connected to the camera's exposure-control circuitry, to thereby serve a dual function. The infrared filter moves out of the light path of the photosensitive elements. The spot optics is moved out of the light path of the photosensitive elements, so that for exposure control a larger light field can be established, or else an auxiliary optics moves into the light path to enlarge the light field in that manner.

摘要翻译： 聚焦系统朝向被摄体发射红外光束，反射光束通过红外滤光器并被作为小光点的光点投影到一对感光元件上。 光点光学根据照相机聚焦环的旋转垂直于相机光轴的平面移动，以便将反射光束分布在两个元件上，当焦点状态正确时，它们之间的分布相等。 电路从两个感光元件的输出信号中得出用于自动对焦的聚焦信号，或者向用户指示他应该手动调整焦点的方向。 当聚焦完成时，感光元件与聚焦电路断开并连接到相机的曝光控制电路，从而起到双重作用。 红外线滤光片移出光敏元件的光路。 点光学元件被移出光敏元件的光路，使得为了曝光控制可以建立更大的光场，或者辅助光学元件移动到光路中以便以这种方式放大光场。

公开(公告)号：US4466718A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-21

申请号：US205976

申请日：1980-11-12

申请人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

发明人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G02B7/28 ,  G02B7/30 ,  G03B9/08 ,  G03B3/10 ,  G03B7/093

CPC分类号： G02B7/30

摘要： When a trigger lever is depressed, both a focus adjuster ring and a control disk commence to rotate in unison, driven by a spring mechanism. Position-sensing switches receive signals indicating which subject-distance setting the focus adjuster ring should be arrested at, and furthermore are opened and closed by the control disk during movement of the latter. When the focus adjuster ring reaches the required subject distance setting, it is arrested and kept arrested, thereby completing an automatic focussing operation, but the control disk continues to turn on to its end position, at which it causes the shutter mechanism of the camera to open and furthermore the exposure-timing circuit of the camera to initiation a scene-light-dependent exposure-timing operation.

摘要翻译： 当按下触发器杆时，由弹簧机构驱动的焦点调节器环和控制盘都一致地开始旋转。 位置检测开关接收指示焦点调节环在哪个被摄体距离设置应该被阻止的信号，并且进一步在控制盘的运动期间由控制盘打开和关闭。 当焦点调节环达到所需的被摄体距离设置时，它被阻止并保持停止，从而完成自动聚焦操作，但是控制盘继续转到其终端位置，在该位置使摄像机的快门机构 打开相机的曝光定时电路，并进一步启动与场景相关的曝光定时操作。

公开(公告)号：US4324463A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-13

申请号：US2932

申请日：1979-01-12

申请人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

发明人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G02B7/28 ,  G02B7/30 ,  G03B9/08 ,  G03B3/10 ,  G03B7/08 ,  G03B13/20

CPC分类号： G02B7/30

摘要： When a trigger lever is depressed, both a focus adjuster ring and a control disk commence to rotate in unison, driven by a spring mechanism. Position-sensing switches receive signals indicating which subject-distance setting the focus adjuster ring should be arrested at, and furthermore are opened and closed by the control disk during movement of the latter. When the focus adjuster ring reaches the required subject distance setting, it is arrested and kept arrested, thereby completing an automatic focussing operation, but the control disk continues to turn on to its end position, at which it causes the shutter mechanism of the camera to open and furthermore the exposure-timing circuit of the camera to initiation a scene-light-dependent exposure-timing operation.

摘要翻译： 当按下触发器杆时，由弹簧机构驱动的焦点调节器环和控制盘都一致地开始旋转。 位置检测开关接收指示焦点调节环在哪个被摄体距离设置应该被阻止的信号，并且进一步在控制盘的运动期间由控制盘打开和关闭。 当焦点调节环达到所需的被摄体距离设置时，它被阻止并保持停止，从而完成自动聚焦操作，但是控制盘继续转到其终端位置，在该位置使摄像机的快门机构 打开相机的曝光定时电路，并进一步启动与场景相关的曝光定时操作。

公开(公告)号：US4221474A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-09

申请号：US5091

申请日：1979-01-22

申请人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Theodor Huber

发明人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Eduard Wagensonner ,  Kurt Borowski ,  Theodor Huber

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G01C3/24 ,  G01D5/18 ,  G01D5/244 ,  G01D5/245 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G03B13/18

CPC分类号： G01C3/24 ,  G02B7/32

摘要： An infrared measuring beam is emitted from the camera towards the subject, and reflected back as a tiny light spot projected, by an optics which transversely shifts in dependence upon exposure-objective subject-distance setting, onto one, the other or both of two infrared photodiodes. The signals from the two photodiodes are transmitted in processed form to two output flip-flops through the intermediary of a single, shared signal-processing stage, employing time-division-multiplexed transmission of the two photodiode signals, to assure that the signal processing of the two photodiode output signals be as identical as possible.

摘要翻译： 红外测量光束从相机朝向被摄体发射，并且通过根据曝光目标对象距离设置而横向偏移的光学器件投射到一个微小光点上并反射回到另一个或两个红外线 光电二极管 来自两个光电二极管的信号通过采用时分多路传输两个光电二极管信号的单个共享信号处理级的中介，以处理形式传输到两个输出触发器，以确保信号处理 两个光电二极管输出信号尽可能相同。

公开(公告)号：US4240727A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-23

申请号：US2938

申请日：1979-01-12

申请人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

发明人： Peter Lermann ,  Istvan Cocron ,  Gunter Fauth

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G02B7/30 ,  G03B3/10 ,  G01C3/08 ,  H01J40/14

CPC分类号： G02B7/30

摘要： A first photodetector arrangement comprises three adjoining photodetectors, and a second comprises six. First and second optics, and the two photodetector arrangements, are located immovable on the camera, and the optics project onto the first arrangement an image of a subject which is to form the basis of a subject-distance measurement, without shift between image and photodetectors of the first arrangement so long as the subject-distance is within one of the ranges the system is to furnish; whereas the image projected onto the second photodetector arrangement shifts relative thereto in dependence upon the distance to the subject. The six photodetectors of the second arrangement are subdivided, for signal-processing purposes, into four successive groups, respectively comprised of the first, second and third photodetector, the second, third and fourth, the third, fourth and fifth, etc. A plurality of comparisons are performed by signal-evaluating circuitry, on the basis of absolute-value versions of the differences between the output signals of individual photodetectors in the first arrangement and in successive photodetector-groups within the second arrangement, to automatically ascertain, sequentially or non-sequentially, which photodetector-group in the second photodetector arrangement is in receipt of an image best corresponding to that cast onto the first photodetector arrangement, thereby determining the subject-distance setting best corresponding to the true subject-distance value.

摘要翻译： 第一光电检测器装置包括三个相邻的光电检测器，第二光检测器装置包括六个。 第一和第二光学器件和两个光电检测器装置位于照相机上不可移动，并且光学器件投射到第一布置上，以形成被摄物体的图像，其将形成被摄体距离测量的基础，而不会在图像和光电检测器之间移动 只要主体距离在系统提供的范围之内; 而投射到第二光电检测器装置上的图像依赖于与被摄体的距离而相对于其移动。 第二布置的六个光电检测器用于信号处理目的被细分成四个连续的组，分别由第一，第二和第三光电检测器，第二，第三和第四，第三，第四和第五等组成。多个 基于第一布置中的各个光电检测器的输出信号与第二布置中的连续光电探测器组之间的差异的绝对值版本，信号评估电路执行比较以自动确定 相继地，第二光电检测器装置中的哪个光电检测器组接收到与第一光电检测器装置上的投射最佳对应的图像，从而确定对应于真实对象距离值的最佳对象距离设置。

公开(公告)号：US4194817A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-25

申请号：US950127

申请日：1978-10-10

申请人： Frank Staudacher ,  Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Werner Went ,  Volkmar Stenzenberger ,  Eberhard Herzig ,  Friedrich Stumpf ,  Thomas Scheller ,  Jurgen Sylla ,  Friedrich Winkler ,  Johann Zanner

发明人： Frank Staudacher ,  Otto Stemme ,  Peter Lermann ,  Werner Went ,  Volkmar Stenzenberger ,  Eberhard Herzig ,  Friedrich Stumpf ,  Thomas Scheller ,  Jurgen Sylla ,  Friedrich Winkler ,  Johann Zanner

IPC分类号： G03B19/18 ,  G03B17/24 ,  G03B17/46 ,  G03B21/00 ,  G03B21/38 ,  G03B21/52

CPC分类号： G03B21/52 ,  G03B17/245 ,  G03B17/46 ,  G03B21/38 ,  G03B2206/004 ,  G03B2217/243 ,  G03B2217/244 ,  G03B2217/245 ,  G03B2217/246

摘要： The user of a motion-picture camera selects between motion-picture and single-exposure operation, and presses a release member to initiate shooting, letting go of it to terminate motion-picture shooting. Each time the user lets go of the release member, an internal device provides an interrupt-transport marking alongside the just exposed film frame, or phase shifted relative thereto. Alternatively, the interrupt-transport marking is provided the next time the user presses the release member. In this way, the terminal frame of each motion-picture scene, and each and every one of the interspersed single-exposure shots, is provided with an interrupt-transport frame marking. Thus, if the film is run through a reproducing apparatus provided with a marking detector, detection of each interrupt-transport marking during motion-picture reproduction causes the terminal frame of each motion-picture scene, and also each one of the still shots, to be persistently reproduced as a still image. The interrupt-transport markings could alternatively be provided by such a device in a reproducing apparatus.

摘要翻译： 运动图像摄像机的用户在运动图像和单次曝光操作之间进行选择，并按下释放构件开始拍摄，放开以终止运动图像拍摄。 每次使用者放开释放构件时，内部装置在正好暴露的胶片框架旁边提供中断传送标记，或相对于其相移。 或者，中断传送标记在下次用户按下释放构件时被提供。 以这种方式，每个运动图像场景的终端帧以及散布的单次曝光拍摄中的每一个都被提供有中断传送帧标记。 因此，如果胶片通过设有标记检测器的再现装置运行，则在运动图像再现期间检测每个中断传送标记使得每个运动图像场景的终端帧以及静止图像中的每个静止图像 永久性地再现为静止图像。 替代地，中继传输标记可以由再现设备中的这种设备提供。