公开(公告)号：US20100265794A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-21

申请号：US12463796

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： Paul A. Johnson ,  Cung VU ,  James A. TenCate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Paul A. Johnson ,  Cung VU ,  James A. TenCate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/48

CPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/006 ,  G01V2210/125 ,  G01V2210/127 ,  G01V2210/588

摘要： In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.

摘要翻译： 在本公开的一些方面，公开了一种用于使用输送的测井工具在远离钻孔的区域中创建非线性特性的三维图像和压缩剪切速度比的方法。 在一些方面，该方法包括在钻孔中布置第一源并且以第一频率产生具有弹性能的转向束; 在钻孔中布置第二源，并在第二频率处产生可转向的弹性能量束，使得在第一频率处的可转向波束和第二频率处的可操纵波束在远离钻孔的位置处截取; 在钻孔处由传感器接收由三波混合过程产生的第三弹性波，其频率等于第一和第二频率之间的差异以及朝向钻孔传播的方向; 基于第一和第二源的布置以及第三波信号的特性来确定三波混频区域的位置; 以及使用通过重复生成，接收和确定钻孔内的多个方位角，倾斜度和纵向位置而记录的数据来创建非线性性质的三维图像。 该方法另外用于产生围绕钻孔的相同体积的压缩与剪切声速之比的三维图像。

公开(公告)号：US08289808B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-16

申请号：US12463796

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： Cung Vu ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt ,  Paul A. Johnson ,  Robert Guyer ,  James A. TenCate ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas

发明人： Cung Vu ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt ,  Paul A. Johnson ,  Robert Guyer ,  James A. TenCate ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas

IPC分类号： G01V1/00

CPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/006 ,  G01V2210/125 ,  G01V2210/127 ,  G01V2210/588

摘要： In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.

摘要翻译： 在本公开的一些方面，公开了一种用于使用输送的测井工具在远离钻孔的区域中创建非线性特性的三维图像和压缩剪切速度比的方法。 在一些方面，该方法包括在钻孔中布置第一源并且以第一频率产生具有弹性能的转向束; 在钻孔中布置第二源，并在第二频率处产生可转向的弹性能量束，使得在第一频率处的可转向波束和第二频率处的可操纵波束在远离钻孔的位置处截取; 在钻孔处由传感器接收由三波混合过程产生的第三弹性波，其频率等于第一和第二频率之间的差异以及朝向钻孔传播的方向; 基于第一和第二源的布置以及第三波信号的特性来确定三波混频区域的位置; 以及使用通过重复生成，接收和确定钻孔内的多个方位角，倾斜度和纵向位置而记录的数据来创建非线性性质的三维图像。 该方法另外用于产生围绕钻孔的相同体积的压缩与剪切声速之比的三维图像。

公开(公告)号：US20100265795A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-21

申请号：US12463802

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： Paul A. Johnson ,  Cung Vu ,  James A. TenCate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Paul A. Johnson ,  Cung Vu ,  James A. TenCate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/48

CPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/006 ,  G01V2210/125 ,  G01V2210/127 ,  G01V2210/588

摘要： In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.

摘要翻译： 在本公开的一些方面，公开了一种用于使用输送的测井工具在远离钻孔的区域中创建非线性特性的三维图像和压缩剪切速度比的方法。 在一些方面，该方法包括在钻孔中布置第一源并且以第一频率产生具有弹性能的转向束; 在钻孔中布置第二源，并在第二频率处产生可转向的弹性能量束，使得在第一频率处的可转向波束和第二频率处的可操纵波束在远离钻孔的位置处截取; 在钻孔处由传感器接收由三波混合过程产生的第三弹性波，其频率等于第一和第二频率之间的差异以及朝向钻孔传播的方向; 基于第一和第二源的布置以及第三波信号的特性来确定三波混频区域的位置; 以及使用通过重复生成，接收和确定钻孔内的多个方位角，倾斜度和纵向位置而记录的数据来创建非线性性质的三维图像。 该方法另外用于产生围绕钻孔的相同体积的压缩与剪切声速之比的三维图像。

公开(公告)号：US08345509B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-01

申请号：US12463802

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： Cung Vu ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt ,  Paul A. Johnson ,  Robert Guyer ,  James A. TenCate ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas

发明人： Cung Vu ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt ,  Paul A. Johnson ,  Robert Guyer ,  James A. TenCate ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas

IPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/50 ,  G01S1/72

CPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/006 ,  G01V2210/125 ,  G01V2210/127 ,  G01V2210/588

摘要： In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.

摘要翻译： 在本公开的一些方面，公开了一种用于使用输送的测井工具在远离钻孔的区域中创建非线性特性的三维图像和压缩剪切速度比的方法。 在一些方面，该方法包括在钻孔中布置第一源并且以第一频率产生具有弹性能的转向束; 在钻孔中布置第二源，并在第二频率处产生可转向的弹性能量束，使得在第一频率处的可转向波束和第二频率处的可操纵波束在远离钻孔的位置处截取; 在钻孔处由传感器接收由三波混合过程产生的第三弹性波，其频率等于第一和第二频率之间的差异以及朝向钻孔传播的方向; 基于第一和第二源的布置以及第三波信号的特性来确定三波混频区域的位置; 以及使用通过重复生成，接收和确定钻孔内的多个方位角，倾斜度和纵向位置而记录的数据来创建非线性性质的三维图像。 该方法另外用于产生围绕钻孔的相同体积的压缩与剪切声速之比的三维图像。

公开(公告)号：US08116167B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

申请号：US12137980

申请日：2008-06-12

申请人： Paul A. Johnson ,  James A. Ten Cate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Cung Vu ,  Kurt Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Paul A. Johnson ,  James A. Ten Cate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Cung Vu ,  Kurt Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/50 ,  G01V1/44

CPC分类号： G01V1/46

摘要： A compact array of transducers is employed as a downhole instrument for acoustic investigation of the surrounding rock formation. The array is operable to generate simultaneously a first acoustic beam signal at a first frequency and a second acoustic beam signal at a second frequency different than the first frequency. These two signals can be oriented through an azimuthal rotation of the array and an inclination rotation using control of the relative phases of the signals from the transmitter elements or electromechanical linkage. Due to the non-linearity of the formation, the first and the second acoustic beam signal mix into the rock formation where they combine into a collimated third signal that propagates in the formation along the same direction than the first and second signals and has a frequency equal to the difference of the first and the second acoustic signals. The third signal is received either within the same borehole, after reflection, or another borehole, after transmission, and analyzed to determine information about rock formation. Recording of the third signal generated along several azimuthal and inclination directions also provides 3D images of the formation, information about 3D distribution of rock formation and fluid properties and an indication of the dynamic acoustic non-linearity of the formation.

摘要翻译： 传感器的紧凑阵列被用作井下仪器，用于对周围岩层进行声学研究。 阵列可操作以同时产生第一频率处的第一声波束信号和以与第一频率不同的第二频率的第二声束信号。 这两个信号可以通过阵列的方位角旋转定向，并且通过使用来自发射器元件或机电连杆的信号的相对相位的控制来定位倾斜旋转。 由于形成的非线性，第一和第二声束信号混合到岩层中，在那里它们组合成沿着与第一和第二信号相同的方向在地层中传播的准直的第三信号，并且具有频率 等于第一和第二声信号的差。 第三个信号在相同的钻孔，反射后或另一个钻孔中，在传输之后被接收并且被分析以确定关于岩层的信息。 沿着几个方位和倾斜方向产生的第三信号的记录还提供了地层的3D图像，关于岩层的3D分布和流体性质的信息以及地层的动态声学非线性的指示。

公开(公告)号：US20090310441A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-17

申请号：US12137980

申请日：2008-06-12

申请人： Paul A. JOHNSON ,  James A. Ten Cate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Cung Vu ,  Kurt Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Paul A. JOHNSON ,  James A. Ten Cate ,  Robert Guyer ,  Pierre-Yves Le Bas ,  Cung Vu ,  Kurt Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/44

CPC分类号： G01V1/46

摘要： A compact array of transducers is employed as a downhole instrument for acoustic investigation of the surrounding rock formation. The array is operable to generate simultaneously a first acoustic beam signal at a first frequency and a second acoustic beam signal at a second frequency different than the first frequency. These two signals can be oriented through an azimuthal rotation of the array and an inclination rotation using control of the relative phases of the signals from the transmitter elements or electromechanical linkage. Due to the non-linearity of the formation, the first and the second acoustic beam signal mix into the rock formation where they combine into a collimated third signal that propagates in the formation along the same direction than the first and second signals and has a frequency equal to the difference of the first and the second acoustic signals. The third signal is received either within the same borehole, after reflection, or another borehole, after transmission, and analyzed to determine information about rock formation. Recording of the third signal generated along several azimuthal and inclination directions also provides 3D images of the formation, information about 3D distribution of rock formation and fluid properties and an indication of the dynamic acoustic non-linearity of the formation.

摘要翻译： 传感器的紧凑阵列被用作井下仪器，用于对周围岩层进行声学研究。 阵列可操作以同时产生第一频率处的第一声波束信号和以与第一频率不同的第二频率的第二声束信号。 这两个信号可以通过阵列的方位角旋转定向，并且通过使用来自发射器元件或机电连杆的信号的相对相位的控制来定位倾斜旋转。 由于形成的非线性，第一和第二声束信号混合到岩层中，在那里它们组合成沿着与第一和第二信号相同的方向在地层中传播的准直的第三信号，并且具有频率 等于第一和第二声信号的差。 第三个信号在相同的钻孔，反射后或另一个钻孔中，在传输之后被接收并且被分析以确定关于岩层的信息。 沿着几个方位和倾斜方向产生的第三信号的记录还提供了地层的3D图像，关于岩层的3D分布和流体性质的信息以及地层的动态声学非线性的指示。

公开(公告)号：US08547791B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-01

申请号：US12793420

申请日：2010-06-03

申请人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/00

CPC分类号： G01V1/46

摘要： In some aspects of the invention, a method of generating a beam of acoustic energy in a borehole is disclosed. The method includes generating a first broad-band acoustic pulse at a first broad-band frequency range having a first central frequency and a first bandwidth spread; generating a second broad-band acoustic pulse at a second broad-band frequency range different than the first frequency range having a second central frequency and a second bandwidth spread, wherein the first acoustic pulse and second acoustic pulse are generated by at least one transducer arranged on a tool located within the borehole; and transmitting the first and the second broad-band acoustic pulses into an acoustically non-linear medium, wherein the composition of the non-linear medium produces a collimated pulse by a non-linear mixing of the first and second acoustic pulses, wherein the collimated pulse has a frequency equal to the difference in frequencies between the first central frequency and the second central frequency and a bandwidth spread equal to the sum of the first bandwidth spread and the second bandwidth spread.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的一些方面，公开了一种在钻孔中产生声能束的方法。 该方法包括：在具有第一中心频率和第一带宽扩展的第一宽带频率范围内产生第一宽带声波脉冲; 在与具有第二中心频率和第二带宽扩展的第一频率范围不同的第二宽带频率范围处产生第二宽带声波脉冲，其中所述第一声脉冲和第二声脉冲由至少一个换能器布置 位于钻孔内的工具上; 以及将所述第一和第二宽带声脉冲发送到声学非线性介质中，其中所述非线性介质的组成通过所述第一和第二声学脉冲的非线性混合产生准直脉冲，其中所述准直 脉冲的频率等于第一中心频率和第二中心频率之间的频率差，以及等于第一带宽扩展和第二带宽扩展之和的带宽扩展。

公开(公告)号：US08233349B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-31

申请号：US12870440

申请日：2010-08-27

申请人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/00 ,  H04B1/02

CPC分类号： G01V1/46

摘要： In some aspects of the invention, a device, positioned within a well bore, configured to generate and direct an acoustic beam into a rock formation around a borehole is disclosed. The device comprises a source configured to generate a first signal at a first frequency and a second signal at a second frequency; a transducer configured to receive the generated first and the second signals and produce acoustic waves at the first frequency and the second frequency; and a non-linear material, coupled to the transducer, configured to generate a collimated beam with a frequency equal to the difference between the first frequency and the second frequency by a non-linear mixing process, wherein the non-linear material includes one or more of a mixture of liquids, a solid, a granular material, embedded microspheres, or an emulsion.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的一些方面，公开了一种定位在井眼内的装置，其被配置为产生并将声束引导到围绕钻孔的岩层中。 该装置包括被配置为以第一频率产生第一信号的源和处于第二频率的第二信号; 被配置为接收产生的第一和第二信号并产生处于第一频率和第二频率的声波的换能器; 以及耦合到所述换能器的非线性材料，被配置为通过非线性混合过程产生具有等于所述第一频率和所述第二频率之间的差的频率的准直波束，其中所述非线性材料包括一个或 更多的液体，固体，颗粒材料，嵌入的微球体或乳液的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US08547790B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-01

申请号：US12793414

申请日：2010-06-03

申请人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/00

CPC分类号： G01V1/00 ,  G01V1/006 ,  G01V1/46

摘要： In some aspects of the invention, a method of generating a beam of acoustic energy in a borehole is disclosed. The method includes generating a first acoustic wave at a first frequency; generating a second acoustic wave at a second frequency different than the first frequency, wherein the first acoustic wave and second acoustic wave are generated by at least one transducer carried by a tool located within the borehole; transmitting the first and the second acoustic waves into an acoustically non-linear medium, wherein the composition of the non-linear medium produces a collimated beam by a non-linear mixing of the first and second acoustic waves, wherein the collimated beam has a frequency based upon a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency; and transmitting the collimated beam through a diverging acoustic lens to compensate for a refractive effect caused by the curvature of the borehole.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的一些方面，公开了一种在钻孔中产生声能束的方法。 该方法包括以第一频率产生第一声波; 在不同于所述第一频率的第二频率处产生第二声波，其中所述第一声波和第二声波由位于所述钻孔内的工具承载的至少一个换能器产生; 将第一和第二声波传输到声学非线性介质中，其中非线性介质的组成通过第一和第二声波的非线性混合产生准直波束，其中准直波束具有频率 基于所述第一频率和所述第二频率之间的差; 并且通过发散的声透镜发送准直光束以补偿由钻孔的曲率引起的折射效应。

公开(公告)号：US20110080804A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-07

申请号：US12793414

申请日：2010-06-03

申请人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

发明人： Cung Khac Vu ,  Dipen N. Sinha ,  Cristian Pantea ,  Kurt T. Nihei ,  Denis P. Schmitt ,  Christopher Skelt

IPC分类号： G01V1/44

CPC分类号： G01V1/00 ,  G01V1/006 ,  G01V1/46

摘要： In some aspects of the invention, a method of generating a beam of acoustic energy in a borehole is disclosed. The method includes generating a first acoustic wave at a first frequency; generating a second acoustic wave at a second frequency different than the first frequency, wherein the first acoustic wave and second acoustic wave are generated by at least one transducer carried by a tool located within the borehole; transmitting the first and the second acoustic waves into an acoustically non-linear medium, wherein the composition of the non-linear medium produces a collimated beam by a non-linear mixing of the first and second acoustic waves, wherein the collimated beam has a frequency based upon a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency; and transmitting the collimated beam through a diverging acoustic lens to compensate for a refractive effect caused by the curvature of the borehole.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的一些方面，公开了一种在钻孔中产生声能束的方法。 该方法包括以第一频率产生第一声波; 在不同于所述第一频率的第二频率处产生第二声波，其中所述第一声波和第二声波由位于所述钻孔内的工具承载的至少一个换能器产生; 将第一和第二声波传输到声学非线性介质中，其中非线性介质的组成通过第一和第二声波的非线性混合产生准直波束，其中准直波束具有频率 基于所述第一频率和所述第二频率之间的差; 并且通过发散的声透镜发送准直光束以补偿由钻孔的曲率引起的折射效应。