摘要:
Resource authorization policies and resource scopes may be defined separately, thereby decoupling a set of authorization rules from the scope of resources to which those rules apply. In one example, a resource includes anything that can be used in a computing environment (e.g., a file, a device, etc.). A scope describes a set of resources (e.g., all files in folder X, all files labeled “Y”, etc.). Policies describe what can be done with a resource (e.g., “read-only,” “read/write,” “delete, if requestor is a member of the admin group,” etc.). When scopes and policies have been defined, they may be linked, thereby indicating that the policy applies to any resource within the scope. When a request for the resource is made, the request is evaluated against all policies associated with scopes that contain the resource. If the conditions specified in the policies apply, then the request may be granted.
摘要:
Resource authorization policies and resource scopes may be defined separately, thereby decoupling a set of authorization rules from the scope of resources to which those rules apply. In one example, a resource includes anything that can be used in a computing environment (e.g., a file, a device, etc.). A scope describes a set of resources (e.g., all files in folder X, all files labeled “Y”, etc.). Policies describe what can be done with a resource (e.g., “read-only,” “read/write,” “delete, if requestor is a member of the admin group,” etc.). When scopes and policies have been defined, they may be linked, thereby indicating that the policy applies to any resource within the scope. When a request for the resource is made, the request is evaluated against all policies associated with scopes that contain the resource. If the conditions specified in the policies apply, then the request may be granted.
摘要:
A policy that governs access to a resource may be tested against real-world access requests before being used to control access to the resource. In one example, access to a resource is governed by a policy, referred to as an effective policy. When the policy is to be modified or replaced, the modification or replacement may become a test policy. When a request is made to access the resource, the request may be evaluated under both the effective policy and the test policy. Whether access is granted is determined under the effective policy, but the decision that would be made under the test policy is noted, and may be logged. If the test policy is determined to behave acceptably when confronted with real-world access requests, then the current effective policy may be replaced with the test policy.
摘要:
A policy that governs access to a resource may be tested against real-world access requests before being used to control access to the resource. In one example, access to a resource is governed by a policy, referred to as an effective policy. When the policy is to be modified or replaced, the modification or replacement may become a test policy. When a request is made to access the resource, the request may be evaluated under both the effective policy and the test policy. Whether access is granted is determined under the effective policy, but the decision that would be made under the test policy is noted, and may be logged. If the test policy is determined to behave acceptably when confronted with real-world access requests, then the current effective policy may be replaced with the test policy.
摘要:
Sharing security claims across different security contexts. A method includes, for a first security context, identifying a first set of security claims. The method further includes for the first security context identifying a second set of security claims from the first set of security claims that is allowed to be sent from the first security context. The first set of security claims is modified to create the second set of security claims. For a second security context, security claim requirements are identified. The second set of security claims is modified to satisfy the security claim requirements for the second security context.
摘要:
A method for forming BiCMOS integrated circuits and structures formed according to the method. After forming doped wells and gate stacks for the CMOS devices and collector and base regions for the bipolar junction transistor, an emitter layer is formed within an emitter window. A dielectric material layer is formed over the emitter layer and remains in place during etching of the emitter layer and removal of the etch mask. The dielectric material layer further remains in place during source/drain implant doping and activation of the implanted source/drain dopants. The dielectric material layer functions as a thermal barrier, to limit out-diffusion of the emitter dopants during the activation step.
摘要:
A challenge mechanism in which a challenge is issued from one message processor to another. In generating the challenge, the message processor may select any one or more of a number of available interactive challenge types, where each type of challenge type might use different user-originated information. Upon receiving the challenge, the challengee message processor may identify the challenge type based on information provided in the challenge, and perform different actions depending on the challenge type. The challengee message processor then generates an appropriate challenge response, and issues that challenge response to the challenger message processor. The challenger message processor may then validate the challenge response.
摘要:
A method for forming BiCMOS integrated circuits and structures formed according to the method. After forming doped wells and gate stacks for the CMOS devices and collector and base regions for the bipolar junction transistor, an emitter layer is formed within an emitter window. A dielectric material layer is formed over the emitter layer and remains in place during etching of the emitter layer and removal of the etch mask. The dielectric material layer further remains in place during source/drain implant doping and activation of the implanted source/drain dopants. The dielectric material layer functions as a thermal barrier, to limit out-diffusion of the emitter dopants during the activation step.
摘要:
Exemplary embodiments disclosed herein may include a method and system for creating an attendance marker and establishing consistent recognition of an ongoing digital relationship, including receiving an identity key about a server, creating an attendance marker, associating the attendance marker with the server. Other embodiments relate to systems and methods for recognizing a server, website, and/or other system for a client, such as a computer system for a user. Such authentication involves receiving an identity key about a web server or other system, creating an attendance marker, associating the attendance marker with the server, requesting an attendance marker associated with a server, and recognizing the server based at least in part on the attendance marker.
摘要:
Creating a token for use by an entity when digitally signing documents. In a computing environment, a digital identity representation for an entity is accessed. The digital identity representation includes information identifying identity attributes about the entity and capabilities of an identity provider that provides tokens for use by the entity. Context information is accessed. The context information includes information about one or more of which, how or where the attributes for the entity identified in the digital identity representation will be used. A security token is created from the information in the digital identity representation and the context information. The security token makes assertions by the identity provider. The assertions are based on the information in the digital identity representation. The token further includes information related to at least a portion of the context information.