公开(公告)号：US06183877B2

公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

申请号：US08915097

申请日：1997-08-20

Applicant: James Alexander Evert Bell ,  Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi ,  Thomas Francis Stephenson ,  Anthony Edward Moline Warner

Inventor： James Alexander Evert Bell ,  Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi ,  Thomas Francis Stephenson ,  Anthony Edward Moline Warner

IPC: C22C2102

CPC classification number: C22C32/0084 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  C22C1/1036 ,  C22C2001/1052 ,  Y10T428/12007 ,  Y10T428/249927 ,  C22C47/08 ,  C22C49/14

Abstract: This composite consists of an aluminum-alloy matrix containing by volume percent, 0.4 to 8.8 alumina, 1 to 4.4 carbon or graphite and 0.5 to 20 nickel-bearing aluminide. The alumina particles have an average size between 3 and 250 &mgr;m and the carbon and graphite particles have an average size between 10 and 250 &mgr;m. The composite is cast by stirring alumina and carbon or graphite contained in a molten aluminum or aluminum-base alloy to form a molten mixture. The molten mixture is cast directly from a temperature above the liquidus of the matrix alloy. While solidifying, carbon or graphite particles delay or hinder the settling of alumina to create a more uniform composite structure. The resulting composite structure contains an aluminum-base alloy, alumina, carbon or graphite and nickel-bearing aluminide dispersoids.

Abstract translation: 该复合材料由体积百分数为0.4至8.8的氧化铝，1至4.4碳或石墨和0.5至20含镍铝化物的铝合金基体组成。 氧化铝颗粒的平均尺寸为3至250μm，碳和石墨颗粒的平均尺寸为10至250μm。 通过搅拌包含在熔融铝或铝基合金中的氧化铝和碳或石墨来铸造复合材料以形成熔融混合物。 熔融混合物直接从基质合金液相线以上的温度浇铸。 在固化时，碳或石墨颗粒延迟或阻碍氧化铝的沉降以产生更均匀的复合结构。 所得的复合结构包含铝基合金，氧化铝，碳或石墨以及含镍的铝化物分散体。

公开(公告)号：US10161026B1

公开(公告)日：2018-12-25

申请号：US15216361

申请日：2016-07-21

Applicant: Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

Inventor： Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

IPC: C22C11/00 ,  C22C13/00 ,  C22C47/08 ,  C22F1/00 ,  B23K35/28 ,  B23K35/26 ,  B23K35/36 ,  B22D19/02 ,  B22D21/00

Abstract: The invention discloses the internal structures and processes to synthesize the structure of self-healing materials, especially metallic materials, metal matrix micro and nanocomposites. Self-healing is imparted by incorporation of macro, micro or nanosize hollow reinforcements including nanotubes, filled with low melting healing material or incorporation of healing material in pockets within the metallic matrix; the healing material melts and fills the crack. In another concept, macro, micro and nanosize solid reinforcements including ceramic and metallic particles, and shape memory alloys are incorporated into alloy matrices, specially nanostructured alloy matrices, to impart self healing by applying compressive stresses on the crack or diffusing material into voids to fill them. The processes to synthesize these self-healing and nanocomposite structures, including pressure or pressureless infiltration, stir mixing and squeeze casting in addition to solid and vapour phase consolidation processes are part of this invention.

公开(公告)号：US20130340896A1

公开(公告)日：2013-12-26

申请号：US13928486

申请日：2013-06-27

Applicant: Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

Inventor： Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

IPC: C22F1/00

CPC classification number: C22F1/006 ,  B22D19/14 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B23K35/22 ,  C22C21/00 ,  C22C47/08 ,  C22C47/14 ,  C22C47/20 ,  C22C49/06 ,  C22C49/14 ,  B22F1/0051

Abstract: The invention discloses the internal structures and processes to synthesize the structure of self-healing materials, especially metallic materials, metal matrix micro and nanocomposites. Self-healing is imparted by incorporation of macro, micro or nanosize hollow reinforcements including nanotubes, filled with low melting healing material or incorporation of healing material in pockets within the metallic matrix; the healing material melts and fills the crack. In another concept, macro, micro and nanosize solid reinforcements including ceramic and metallic particles, and shape memory alloys are incorporated into alloy matrices, specially nanostructured alloy matrices, to impart self healing by applying compressive stresses on the crack or diffusing material into voids to fill them. The processes to synthesize these self-healing and nanocomposite structures, including pressure or pressureless infiltration, stir mixing and squeeze casting in addition to solid and vapour phase consolidation processes are part of this invention.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了合成自愈材料，特别是金属材料，金属基体微观和纳米复合材料结构的内部结构和工艺。 通过掺入包含纳米管的宏观，微观或纳米尺寸的空心增强材料，填充有低熔点愈合材料或将愈合材料引入金属基体内的凹穴中来实现自愈。 愈合材料熔化并填充裂缝。 在另一个概念中，将包括陶瓷和金属颗粒以及形状记忆合金在内的宏观，微观和纳米尺寸的固体增强材料并入合金基质，特别是纳米结构合金基质中，通过在裂纹上施加压应力或将材料扩散到空隙中以赋予自愈合 他们。 合成这些自愈和纳米复合结构的方法，包括压力或无压渗透，搅拌混合和挤压铸造以及固相和气相固结方法是本发明的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US20200149140A1

公开(公告)日：2020-05-14

申请号：US16188890

申请日：2018-11-13

Applicant: Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

Inventor： Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

IPC: C22C49/14 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B23K35/22 ,  C22C47/14

Abstract: This invention relates to structures and processing imparting self-healing characteristics in Iron, Copper, Zinc, Magnesium, Nickel, Titanium, Gold, Silver and their alloys, and other materials including polymers and ceramics. The composite disclosed consists of a matrix with dispersed hollow macro, micro and nanotubes or balloons or fibers encapsulating a lower melting point or liquid healing material; self-healing results from flow of liquid “healing agent” into the crack. Another type of self-healing material is where the cracks are subjected to compressive stresses due to phase transformations in the matrix or reinforcement, including nano structure matrix and nanosize reinforcements. The compressive stresses could be due to shrinkage of shape memory material in the form of fibers, micro and nano size which deform, or reinforcements when expand upon reaction with atmosphere sealing the crack. The invention includes self-healing due to hollow vascular networks through which healing agent can flow and seal the crack.

公开(公告)号：US09435014B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-06

申请号：US13928486

申请日：2013-06-27

Applicant: Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

Inventor： Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

IPC: C22C21/00 ,  C22C49/06 ,  C22F1/00 ,  B22D19/14 ,  B23K35/22 ,  C22C47/20 ,  C22C49/14 ,  C22C47/08 ,  C22C47/14

CPC classification number: C22F1/006 ,  B22D19/14 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B23K35/22 ,  C22C21/00 ,  C22C47/08 ,  C22C47/14 ,  C22C47/20 ,  C22C49/06 ,  C22C49/14 ,  B22F1/0051

Abstract: The invention discloses the internal structures and processes to synthesize the structure of self-healing materials, especially metallic materials, metal matrix micro and nanocomposites. Self-healing is imparted by incorporation of macro, micro or nanosize hollow reinforcements including nanotubes, filled with low melting healing material or incorporation of healing material in pockets within the metallic matrix; the healing material melts and fills the crack. In another concept, macro, micro and nanosize solid reinforcements including ceramic and metallic particles, and shape memory alloys are incorporated into alloy matrices, specially nanostructured alloy matrices, to impart self healing by applying compressive stresses on the crack or diffusing material into voids to fill them. The processes to synthesize these self-healing and nanocomposite structures, including pressure or pressureless infiltration, stir mixing and squeeze casting in addition to solid and vapor phase consolidation processes are part of this invention.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了合成自愈材料，特别是金属材料，金属基体微观和纳米复合材料结构的内部结构和工艺。 通过掺入包含纳米管的宏观，微观或纳米尺寸的空心增强材料，填充有低熔点愈合材料或将愈合材料引入金属基质内的凹穴中来实现自愈合; 愈合材料熔化并填充裂缝。 在另一个概念中，将包括陶瓷和金属颗粒以及形状记忆合金在内的宏观，微观和纳米尺寸的固体增强材料并入合金基质，特别是纳米结构合金基质中，通过在裂纹上施加压应力或将材料扩散到空隙中以赋予自愈合 他们。 合成这些自愈和纳米复合结构的方法，包括压力或无压渗透，搅拌混合和挤压铸造以及固相和气相固结方法是本发明的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US3932596A

公开(公告)日：1976-01-13

申请号：US463349

申请日：1974-04-23

Applicant: Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

Inventor： Pradeep Kumar Rohatgi

IPC: C01B31/04 ,  C01B31/02

CPC classification number: C01B31/0407

Abstract: Kish graphite can be separated from fume in kish graphite-fume mixtures and can be recovered as a clean usable product by screening the kish graphite-fume mixtures to separate the mixtures into a screen overflow and screen underflow. The screen overflow is mixed with a solution of a washing agent and a surface active agent. The mixture is stirred to thoroughly "wet" the surfaces of the kish graphite. The mixture is filtered. The kish graphite is recovered as a filter cake. The effluent which consists of the washing agent, the surface active agent and fume, is passed to waste. The kish graphite retains its integrity through the separation, recovery, and cleaning steps.

Abstract translation: Kish石墨可以与kish石墨 - 烟雾混合物中的烟气分离，并可通过筛选kish石墨烟雾混合物将混合物分离成筛网溢出和筛网下溢作为清洁可用的产物回收。 将筛网溢出物与洗涤剂和表面活性剂的溶液混合。 将混合物搅拌以彻底“润湿”石墨的表面。 混合物过滤。 石灰石作为滤饼回收。 由洗涤剂，表面活性剂和烟雾组成的流出物被传递到废物中。 石墨石墨通过分离，回收和清洁步骤保持其完整性。