摘要:
Stress corrosion cracking damage to stainless steels and nickel base superalloys is repaired by underwater plasma transferred arc welding which under conditions which reduce residual tensile stresses in the weld and adjacent portions of the repaired structure.
摘要:
Compressive residual stresses can be developed by underwater plasma transferred arc welding. The development of these compressive stresses act to prevent hot cracking and He embrittlement that can develop during welding or stress corrosion cracking that can develop subsequent to the welding operation.
摘要:
Persistent compressive stresses sufficient to suppress hot cracking, reheat cracking and stress corrosion cracking are developed in welds containing alloys of plural materials by quenching of the weld after onset of solidification but while the weld remains soft or "mushy" at a temperature above the melting point of eutectic alloys which may form. Control of the time of quenching is preferably established during submerged welding by a cup-shaped exclusion fitting which is sized relative to the dimensions of a molten weld pool and the speed of travel of a welding heat source such as a plasma transfer arc torch. The cup-shaped exclusion fitting provides improved protection of the weld and heat source with inert gas supplied thereto while also permitting submerged welding at higher hydrostatic pressures than has heretofore been possible. An improved apparatus for transport of powdered welding materials provides for bleeding off of a portion of a flow of transport gas used to transport the powdered materials and can thus provide a reliable supply of such materials over increased distances and against increased gas pressures without compromising the welding heat source or the quality of the weld.
摘要:
A hopper feeds powder underwater to a welding torch. The hopper includes a housing having a lower chamber and an integral upper chamber. An inlet joins the upper chamber for receiving powder and a pressurized carrier gas. A powder outlet joins the lower chamber for discharging the powder to the torch. A gas outlet joins the upper chamber for releasing the carrier gas. And, a control valve joins the gas outlet for selectively controlling pressure internal the housing.
摘要:
An apparatus and method feeds weld material to an underwater plasma transferred arc welding torch. The weld material comprises a powder, which can be entrained in a fluidizing gas flow. The weld material is fed by the apparatus from a first supply through at least one conduit to a supply container. The apparatus comprises a first powder supply pressurized with a powder carrier gas positioned above the surface of the body of water; a second powder supply container positioned below the surface of the body of water and the second powder supply container comprising at least one powder outlet port and a gas vent open to the above surface atmosphere; at least one powder conduit connecting the first container with the second container; an underwater welding torch positioned near the second container and having at least one powder inlet; and at least one powder conduit connecting the second powder supply container to the at least one powder inlet of the torch. The method of underwater welding includes transferring of weld filler powder from the underwater supply container to the torch at a reduced flow rate by venting at least a portion of the carrier gas to the atmosphere above the surface of the body of water.
摘要:
A water exclusion device for underwater arc welding comprises a chamber having flexible gas permeable surface contact member at the lower end. A wire mesh material is the preferred gas permeable material.
摘要:
A new method is provided for repairing cracks in the outer surfaces of structural parts being a superalloy article having a directionally oriented microstructure, such as a blading member. The article may have internal passageways communicating through the end of the article. The method coats and seals cracked outer-surface areas of directionally solidified and single crystal structures by coating the defective area using a High Velocity Oxy-Fuel process (herein also referred to as HVOF), followed by hot isostatic pressing the part.
摘要:
A process for welding superalloys, and particularly articles formed of gamma prime-strengthened nickel-base superalloys whose chemistries and/or microstructures differ. The process entails forming the faying surface of at least one of the articles to have a cladding layer of a filler material. The filler material may have a composition that is different from both of the articles, or the same as one of the articles. The cladding layer is machined to promote mating of the faying surfaces, after which the faying surfaces are mated and the articles welded together. After cooling, the welded assembly is free of thermally-induced cracks.
摘要:
A process for the manufacture of repair material. The repair material is ductile and readily mechanically deformed and can be used in the repair of turbine components. The process comprises providing a directionally solidified material, cold-swaging the directionally solidified material, and heat treating the cold-swaged material into the repair material. The repair material, after the steps of cold-swaging and heat treatment, comprises a microstructure that is essentially free from cracks, for repairing the turbine component. The invention also sets forth methods for repair of articles, such as turbine components, using the repair material, and a turbine component repaired using the repair material.
摘要:
A composition comprises cobalt; chromium; carbon; boron; zirconium; aluminum; at least one refractory material; and nickel. The composition is used as a repair material for repairing superalloy articles in a repair process.