公开(公告)号：US4974661A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-04

申请号：US408418

申请日：1989-09-18

申请人： Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner ,  James E. Battles ,  John R. Hull ,  Donald M. Rote

发明人： Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner ,  James E. Battles ,  John R. Hull ,  Donald M. Rote

IPC分类号： B22D11/06 ,  B22D27/02

CPC分类号： B22D11/0662 ,  B22D27/02

摘要： An apparatus for containing molten metal using a magnet producing vertical alternating magnetic field positioned adjacent the area in which the molten metal is to be confined. This invention can be adapted particularly to the casting of metal between counter-rotating rollers with the vertical alternating magnetic field used to confine the molten metal at the edges of the rollers. Alternately, the vertical alternating magnetic field can be used as a flow regulator in casting molten metal from an opening in a channel.

摘要翻译： 一种使用产生垂直交变磁场的磁体来容纳熔融金属的设备，该垂直交变磁场定位在熔融金属被限制的区域附近。 本发明可以特别适用于在具有用于将熔融金属限制在辊的边缘处的垂直交变磁场的反向旋转辊之间铸造金属。 或者，垂直交变磁场可以用作从通道中的开口铸造熔融金属的流量调节器。

公开(公告)号：US4741383A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-03

申请号：US29035

申请日：1987-03-23

申请人： John R. Hull ,  Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

发明人： John R. Hull ,  Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

IPC分类号： B22D11/01 ,  B22D27/02

CPC分类号： B22D11/015

摘要： Thin metal sheets are cast by magnetically suspending molten metal deposited within a ferromagnetic yoke and between AC conducting coils and linearly displacing the magnetically levitated liquid metal while it is being cooled to form a solid metal sheet. Magnetic flux increases as the molten metal sheet moves downward and decreases as the molten metal sheet moves upward to stabilize the sheet and maintain it in equilibrium as it is linearly displaced and solidified by cooling gases. A conducting shield is electrically coupled to the molten metal sheet by means of either metal sheet engaging rollers or brushes on the solidified metal, and by means of an electrode in the vessel containing the molten metal thereby providing a return path for the eddy currents induced in the metal sheet by the AC coil generated magnetic flux. Variation in the geometry of the conducting shield allows the magnetic flux between the metal sheet and the conducting shield to be varied and the thickness in surface quality of the metal sheet to be controlled. Side guards provide lateral containment for the molten metal sheet and stabilize and shape the magnetic field while a leader sheet having electromagnetic characteristics similar to those of the metal sheet is used to start the casting process and precedes the molten metal sheet through the magnet and forms a continuous sheet therewith. The magnet may be either U-shaped with a single racetrack coil or may be rectangular with a pair of facing bedstead coils.

摘要翻译： 薄金属片通过磁性悬浮沉积在铁磁轭内和交流导电线圈之间的熔融金属并在磁悬浮液态金属被冷却以形成固体金属片时线性移位而铸造。 当熔融金属片向下移动时，磁通量增加，随着熔融金属片向上移动以稳定片材并且随着其被冷却气体线性位移和固化而保持平衡，其降低。 导电屏蔽通过金属片接合辊或刷子在固化的金属上电耦合到熔融金属片，并且通过容纳熔融金属的容器中的电极，从而提供用于在 该金属片由交流线圈产生磁通量。 导电屏蔽的几何形状的变化允许金属片和导电屏蔽之间的磁通量变化，并且控制金属片的表面质量的厚度。 侧护板为熔融金属片提供侧向容纳物，并且使用具有与金属片类似的电磁特性的引导片来开始铸造工艺并在熔融金属片通过磁体之前形成磁场的稳定和形状，并形成 连续片。 磁体可以是具有单个跑道线圈的U形或者可以是具有一对面对的床架线圈的矩形。

公开(公告)号：US4678024A

公开(公告)日：1987-07-07

申请号：US872725

申请日：1986-06-10

申请人： John R. Hull ,  Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

发明人： John R. Hull ,  Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

IPC分类号： B22D11/01 ,  B22D27/02

CPC分类号： B22D11/015

摘要： Thin metal sheets are cast by magnetically suspending molten metal deposited within a ferromagnetic yoke and between AC conducting coils and linearly displacing the magnetically levitated liquid metal while it is being cooled to form a solid metal sheet. Magnetic flux increases as the molten metal sheet moves downward and decreases as the molten metal sheet moves upward to stabilize the sheet and maintain it in equilibrium as it is linearly displaced and solidified by cooling gases. A conducting shield is electrically coupled to the molten metal sheet by means of either metal sheet engaging rollers or brushes on the solidified metal, and by means of an electrode in the vessel containing the molten metal thereby providing a return path for the eddy currents induced in the metal sheet by the AC coil generated magnetic flux. Variation in the geometry of the conducting shield allows the magnetic flux between the metal sheet and the conducting shield to be varied and the thickness in surface quality of the metal sheet to be controlled. Side guards provide lateral containment for the molten metal sheet and stabilize and shape the magnetic field while a leader sheet having electromagnetic characteristics similar to those of the metal sheet is used to start the casting process and precedes the molten metal sheet through the magnet and forms a continuous sheet therewith. The magnet may be either U-shaped with a single racetrack coil or may be rectangular with a pair of facing bedstead coils.

公开(公告)号：US4982796A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-08

申请号：US259387

申请日：1988-10-18

申请人： Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

发明人： Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

IPC分类号： B22D11/01

CPC分类号： B22D11/015

摘要： An apparatus and method adapted to confine a molten metal to a region by means of an alternating electromagnetic field. As adapted for use in the present invention, the alternating electromagnetic field given by B.sub.y =(2.mu..sub.o .rho.gy).sup.1/2 (where B.sub.y is the vertical component of the magnetic field generated by the magnet at the boundary of the region; y is the distance measured downward form the top of the region, .rho. is the metal density, g is the acceleration of gravity and .mu..sub.o is the permeability of free space) induces eddy currents in the molten metal which interact with the magnetic field to retain the molten metal with a vertical boudnary. As applied to an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal sheets or rods, metal in liquid form can be continuously introduced into the region defined by the magnetic field, solidified and conveyed away from the magnetic field in solid form in a continuous process.

摘要翻译： 一种适于通过交变电磁场将熔融金属限制在区域上的装置和方法。 适用于本发明的交流电磁场由By =（2μΩr）1/2（其中By是由磁体在该区域的边界产生的磁场的垂直分量; y 是从区域顶部向下测量的距离，rho是金属密度，g是重力加速度，μo是自由空间的磁导率），在熔融金属中引起与磁场相互作用的涡流，以保持 熔融金属与垂直的boudnary。 适用于连续铸造金属片材或棒材的设备时，液态金属可以连续地引入到由磁场限定的区域中，以连续的方式固化并以固体形式从磁场中输送出去。

公开(公告)号：US4905756A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-06

申请号：US259389

申请日：1988-10-18

申请人： Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

发明人： Robert J. Lari ,  Walter F. Praeg ,  Larry R. Turner

IPC分类号： B22D11/01

CPC分类号： B22D11/015

摘要： An apparatus capable of producing a combination of magnetic fields that can retain a metal in liquid form in a region having a smooth vertical boundary including a levitation magnet that produces low frequency magnetic field traveling waves to retain the metal and a stabilization magnet that produces a high frequency magnetic field to produce a smooth vertical boundary. As particularly adapted to the casting of solid metal sheets, a metal in liquid form can be continuously fed into one end of the confinement region produced by the levitation and stabilization magnets and removed in solid form from the other end of confinement region. An additional magnet may be included for support at the edges of the confinement region where eddy currents loop.

摘要翻译： 一种能够产生磁场组合的装置，其可以将液体形式的金属保持在具有平滑垂直边界的区域中，该区域包括产生低频磁场行波以保持金属的悬浮磁体和产生高的磁化稳定磁体 频率磁场产生平滑的垂直边界。 特别适用于固体金属片的铸造，可以将液体形式的金属连续地供给到由悬浮和稳定磁体产生的约束区域的一端，并从固定形式从约束区域的另一端去除。 可以包括附加的磁体用于在涡流回路的限制区域的边缘处进行支撑。

公开(公告)号：US4472755A

公开(公告)日：1984-09-18

申请号：US526511

申请日：1983-08-26

申请人： Walter F. Praeg

发明人： Walter F. Praeg

IPC分类号： H05H7/04 ,  H01F7/20

CPC分类号： H05H7/04

摘要： Disclosed is a ring magnet control circuit that permits synchrotron repetition rates much higher than the frequency of the cosinusoidal guide field of the ring magnet during particle acceleration. the control circuit generates cosinusoidal excitation currents of different frequencies in the half waves. During radio frequency acceleration of the particles in the synchrotron, the control circuit operates with a lower frequency cosine wave and thereafter the electromagnets are reset with a higher frequency half cosine wave. Flat-bottom and flat-top wave shaping circuits maintain the magnetic guide field in a relatively time-invariant mode during times when the particles are being injected into the ring magnets and when the particles are being ejected from the ring magnets.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种环形磁体控制电路，其允许在颗粒加速期间同步加速器重复率远高于环形磁体的余弦引导场的频率。 控制电路在半波中产生不同频率的cosinusoidal激励电流。 在同步加速器中的粒子的射频加速期间，控制电路以较低的频率余弦波工作，此后电磁体以较高频率的半余弦波复位。 平面和平顶波形整形电路在颗粒被注入环形磁铁时以及当颗粒从环形磁体中弹出时，将导磁场保持在相对时间不变的模式。

公开(公告)号：US4305785A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-15

申请号：US124871

申请日：1980-02-26

申请人： Walter F. Praeg

发明人： Walter F. Praeg

IPC分类号： G01R33/028 ,  G01R33/02 ,  E21B25/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/028

摘要： A sensor for detecting changes in the magnetic field of the equilibrium-field coil of a Tokamak plasma device comprises a pair of bifilar wires disposed circumferentially, one inside and one outside the equilibrium-field coil. Each is shorted at one end. The difference between the voltages detected at the other ends of the bifilar wires provides a measure of changing flux in the equilibrium-field coil. This difference can be used to detect faults in the coil in time to take action to protect the coil.

摘要翻译： 用于检测托卡马克等离子体装置的平衡场线圈的磁场变化的传感器包括一对沿着圆周设置的一对双绞线，一个在平衡场线圈的内部和一个之外。 每一个都在一端短路。 在双线的另一端检测的电压之间的差异提供了在平衡场线圈中改变通量的量度。 该差异可以及时检测线圈中的故障，以采取行动保护线圈。

公开(公告)号：US4993477A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-19

申请号：US318875

申请日：1989-03-06

申请人： Walter F. Praeg

发明人： Walter F. Praeg

IPC分类号： B22D11/18

CPC分类号： B22D11/18

摘要： A continuous metal casting system in which the feed of molten metal is controlled by means of a linear induction motor capable of producing a magnetic traveling wave in a duct that connects a reservoir of molten metal to a caster. The linear induction motor produces a traveling magnetic wave in the duct in opposition to the pressure exerted by the head of molten metal in the reservoir so thatp.sub.c =p.sub.g -p.sub.mwhere p.sub.c is the desired pressure in the caster, p.sub.g is the gravitational pressure in the duct exerted by the force of the head of molten metal in the reservoir, and p.sub.m is the electromagnetic pressure exerted by the force of the magnetic field traveling wave produced by the linear induction motor. The invention also includes feedback loops to the linear induction motor to control the casting pressure in response to measured characteristics of the metal being cast.

摘要翻译： 一种连续金属铸造系统，其中通过线性感应电动机控制熔融金属的供给，所述线性感应电动机能够在将熔融金属储存器连接到脚轮的管道中产生磁性行波。 线性感应电动机在管道中产生与熔池中的熔融金属头部施加的压力相反的行进磁波，使得pc = pg-pm其中pc是施法者期望的压力，pg是重力压力 由熔融金属头部的力施加在容器中的管道，pm是由线性感应电动机产生的磁场行波的力所施加的电磁力。 本发明还包括对线性感应电机的反馈回路，以响应于被铸造的金属的测量特性来控制铸造压力。

公开(公告)号：US4590423A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-20

申请号：US595014

申请日：1984-03-30

申请人： Walter F. Praeg

发明人： Walter F. Praeg

IPC分类号： G01R31/04 ,  G01R31/00 ,  G01R27/00

CPC分类号： G01R31/04

摘要： An assembly is provided for testing one or more contact material samples in a vacuum environment. The samples are positioned as an inner conductive cylinder assembly which is mounted for reciprocal vertical motion as well as deflection from a vertical axis. An outer conductive cylinder is coaxially positioned around the inner cylinder and test specimen to provide a vacuum enclosure therefor. A power source needed to drive test currents through the test specimens is connected to the bottom of each conductive cylinder, through two specially formed conductive plates. The plates are similar in form, having a plurality of equal resistance current paths connecting the power source to a central connecting ring. The connecting rings are secured to the bottom of the inner conductive assembly and the outer cylinder, respectively. A hydraulic actuator is also connected to the bottom of the inner conductor assembly to adjust the pressure applied to the test specimens during testing. The test assembly controls magnetic forces such that the current distribution through the test samples is symmetrical and that contact pressure is not reduced or otherwise disturbed.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于在真空环境中测试一个或多个接触材料样品的组件。 样品被定位为内导电圆柱体组件，其被安装用于往复垂直运动以及从垂直轴线的偏转。 外导电圆柱体同轴地位于内圆筒和测试样本周围，以提供真空外壳。 通过测试样品驱动测试电流所需的电源通过两个特殊形成的导电板连接到每个导电圆柱体的底部。 板的形式相似，具有将电源连接到中心连接环的多个相等的电阻电流路径。 连接环分别固定在内导电组件和外筒的底部。 液压致动器也连接到内导体组件的底部，以调节在测试期间施加到测试样本的压力。 测试组件控制磁力，使得通过测试样品的电流分布是对称的，并且接触压力不降低或以其它方式受到干扰。

公开(公告)号：US4358808A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-09

申请号：US264243

申请日：1981-05-18

申请人： Walter F. Praeg

发明人： Walter F. Praeg

IPC分类号： H02H9/02

CPC分类号： H02H9/02

摘要： Electrical loads connected to capacitance elements in high voltage direct current systems are protected from damage by capacitance discharge overcurrents by connecting between the capacitance element and the load, a longitudinal inductor comprising a bifilar winding wound about a magnetic core, which forms an incomplete magnetic circuit. A diode is connected across a portion of the bifilar winding which conducts a unidirectional current only. Energy discharged from the capacitance element is stored in the inductor and then dissipated in an L-R circuit including the diode and the coil winding. Multiple high voltage circuits having capacitance elements may be connected to loads through bifilar windings all wound about the aforementioned magnetic core.

摘要翻译： 连接到高压直流系统中的电容元件的电负载通过连接电容元件和负载之间的电容放电过电流而受到保护，纵向电感器包括缠绕在磁芯上的双绕组，其形成不完整的磁路。 二极管连接在双极绕组的一部分上，仅传导单向电流。 从电容元件放电的能量存储在电感器中，然后在包括二极管和线圈绕组的L-R电路中消散。 具有电容元件的多个高压电路可以通过围绕上述磁芯缠绕的双股线圈连接到负载上。