公开(公告)号：US06938084B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

申请号：US09895810

申请日：2001-07-02

申请人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Sunita Shrivastava ,  Gor V. Nishanov ,  David B. Lomet ,  Philip A. Bernstein ,  Rohit Jain

发明人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Sunita Shrivastava ,  Gor V. Nishanov ,  David B. Lomet ,  Philip A. Bernstein ,  Rohit Jain

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F9/50 ,  G06F11/20 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/173 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F11/182 ,  G06F11/1425 ,  G06F11/1482 ,  G06F11/1662 ,  G06F11/181 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2035

摘要： A method and system for increasing server cluster availability by requiring at a minimum only one node and a quorum replica set of replica members to form and operate a cluster. Replica members, independent from the nodes, maintain cluster operational data. A cluster operates when one node possesses a majority of replica members, which ensures that any new or surviving cluster includes consistent cluster operational data via at least one replica member from the immediately prior cluster. Arbitration provides exclusive ownership by one node of the replica members, including at cluster formation, and when the owning node fails. Arbitration uses a fast mutual exclusion algorithm and a reservation mechanism to challenge for and defend the exclusive reservation of each member. A quorum replica set algorithm brings members online and offline with data consistency, including updating unreconciled replica members, and ensures consistent read and update operations.

摘要翻译： 通过至少要求一个节点和副本成员的仲裁复制集来形成和操作集群，来提高服务器集群可用性的方法和系统。 独立于节点的副本成员维护集群操作数据。 当一个节点拥有大多数副本成员时，集群就会运行，从而确保任何新的或存活的集群通过至少一个来自紧接在前的集群的副本成员包括一致的集群操作数据。 仲裁提供复制成员的一个节点的独占所有权，包括在集群形成时以及所有节点出现故障时。 仲裁使用快速互斥算法和保留机制来挑战和保护每个成员的独家保留。 仲裁复制集算法使成员在线和离线具有数据一致性，包括更新未协调的副本成员，并确保一致的读取和更新操作。

公开(公告)号：US06662219B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

申请号：US09464738

申请日：1999-12-15

申请人： Gor Nishanov ,  Glenn R. Peterson ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Sunita Shrivastava

发明人： Gor Nishanov ,  Glenn R. Peterson ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Sunita Shrivastava

IPC分类号： G06F1516

CPC分类号： H04L29/06 ,  H04L67/10

摘要： A method and system wherein following a partitioning of a server cluster, operational subgroups arbitrate for possession of a quorum resource that determines cluster representation, wherein the arbitration is biased by a relative weight of the subgroup. The weight may be relative to the original cluster weight, or submitted as a bid that is relative to other possible subgroup weights. The biasing gives subgroups that are better capable of representing the cluster an arbitration advantage over lesser subgroups. The biasing weight of each subgroup may be determined by node count and/or by a calculation of the subgroup's resources. The arbitration may be delayed based on the relative weight, or alternatively, the arbitration may comprise a bidding process in which a subgroup's bid is based on the subgroup's relative weight.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和系统，其中遵循服务器集群的划分，操作子组仲裁以存储确定集群表示的仲裁资源，其中所述仲裁被所述子组的相对权重偏置。 权重可能相对于原始集群权重，或作为相对于其他可能的子组权重的出价提交。 偏倚给出能够更好地表示集群的子组比较少子组的仲裁优势。 每个子组的偏置权重可以通过节点数和/或通过子组资源的计算来确定。 仲裁可以基于相对权重延迟，或者可选地，仲裁可以包括投标过程，其中子组的投标基于子组的相对权重。

公开(公告)号：US20060036896A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-16

申请号：US11203489

申请日：2005-08-12

申请人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael Massa ,  Sunita Shrivastava ,  Gor Nishanov ,  David Lomet ,  Philip Bernstein ,  Rohit Jain

发明人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael Massa ,  Sunita Shrivastava ,  Gor Nishanov ,  David Lomet ,  Philip Bernstein ,  Rohit Jain

IPC分类号： G06F11/00

CPC分类号： G06F11/182 ,  G06F11/1425 ,  G06F11/1482 ,  G06F11/1662 ,  G06F11/181 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2035

摘要： A method and system for increasing server cluster availability by requiring at a minimum only one node and a quorum replica set of replica members to form and operate a cluster. Replica members, independent from the nodes, maintain cluster operational data. A cluster operates when one node possesses a majority of replica members, which ensures that any new or surviving cluster includes consistent cluster operational data via at least one replica member from the immediately prior cluster. Arbitration provides exclusive ownership by one node of the replica members, including at cluster formation, and when the owning node fails. Arbitration uses a fast mutual exclusion algorithm and a reservation mechanism to challenge for and defend the exclusive reservation of each member. A quorum replica set algorithm brings members online and offline with data consistency, including updating unreconciled replica members, and ensures consistent read and update operations.

公开(公告)号：US20060090095A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-27

申请号：US11225222

申请日：2005-09-12

申请人： Michael Massa ,  David Dion ,  Rajsekhar Das ,  Rushabh Doshi ,  David Lomet ,  Gor Nishanov ,  Philip Bernstein ,  Rod Gamache ,  Rohit Jain ,  Sunita Shrivastava

发明人： Michael Massa ,  David Dion ,  Rajsekhar Das ,  Rushabh Doshi ,  David Lomet ,  Gor Nishanov ,  Philip Bernstein ,  Rod Gamache ,  Rohit Jain ,  Sunita Shrivastava

IPC分类号： G06F11/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 ,  G06F11/1425 ,  G06F11/1471 ,  G06F11/1479 ,  G06F11/1482 ,  G06F11/1662 ,  G06F11/181 ,  G06F11/182 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2035 ,  G06F11/2058 ,  G06F2201/82

摘要： A method and system for increasing server cluster availability by requiring at a minimum only one node and a quorum replica set of replica members to form and operate a cluster. Replica members maintain cluster operational data. A cluster operates when one node possesses a majority of replica members, which ensures that any new or surviving cluster includes consistent cluster operational data via at least one replica member from the immediately prior cluster. Arbitration provides exclusive ownership by one node of the replica members, including at cluster formation, and when the owning node fails. Arbitration uses a fast mutual exclusion algorithm and a reservation mechanism to challenge for and defend the exclusive reservation of each member. A quorum replica set algorithm brings members online and offline with data consistency, including updating unreconciled replica members, and ensures consistent read and update operations.

摘要翻译： 通过至少要求一个节点和副本成员的仲裁复制集来形成和操作集群，来提高服务器集群可用性的方法和系统。 副本成员维护集群操作数据。 当一个节点拥有大多数副本成员时，集群就会运行，从而确保任何新的或存活的集群通过至少一个来自紧接在前的集群的副本成员包括一致的集群操作数据。 仲裁提供复制成员的一个节点的独占所有权，包括在集群形成时以及所有节点出现故障时。 仲裁使用快速互斥算法和保留机制来挑战和保护每个成员的独家保留。 仲裁复制集算法使成员在线和离线具有数据一致性，包括更新未协调的副本成员，并确保一致的读取和更新操作。

公开(公告)号：US6163855A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US62359

申请日：1998-04-17

申请人： Sunita Shrivastava ,  Rod Gamache ,  John D. Vert

发明人： Sunita Shrivastava ,  Rod Gamache ,  John D. Vert

IPC分类号： G06F11/00

CPC分类号： G06F11/1443 ,  G06F2201/82

摘要： A method and system for communicating modification information to servers in a server cluster. Local changes, such as modifications to a resource requested at one node, are associated into a single transaction. A master node, such as the node that owns the set of resources corresponding to the modifications in the transaction requests permission from a locker node to replicate the transaction. When permission to replicate the transaction is received from the locker node, the master node replicates the transaction by requesting each node in the cluster, one node at a time, to commit the transaction. Any node that does not commit the transaction is removed from the cluster, ensuring consistency of the cluster. Failure conditions of any node or nodes are also handled in a manner that ensures consistency.

摘要翻译： 用于将修改信息传送到服务器集群中的服务器的方法和系统。 本地更改（例如对在一个节点请求的资源的修改）与单个事务相关联。 主节点（例如拥有与事务中的修改相对应的资源集合的节点）从存储器节点请求许可以复制事务。 当从更衣室节点接收到复制事务的权限时，主节点通过请求集群中的每个节点（一次一个节点）来提交事务来复制事务。 任何未提交事务的节点都将从集群中删除，以确保集群的一致性。 任何节点或节点的故障条件也以确保一致性的方式进行处理。

公开(公告)号：US06453426B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-17

申请号：US09277503

申请日：1999-03-26

申请人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Patrick J. Helland

发明人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Patrick J. Helland

IPC分类号： H02H305

CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 ,  G06F11/1417 ,  G06F11/20 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L67/1002 ,  H04L67/1008 ,  H04L67/1034 ,  H04L2029/06054

摘要： A method and system for distributing various types of cluster data among various storage devices of a server cluster. Cluster core boot data that is needed to get the cluster up and running is stored on a quorum storage mechanism, separate from cluster configuration data which is stored on lower cost and/or higher performance storage. The quorum storage may be implemented via a quorum of nodes, a single quorum disk or a quorum of replica members. The state of the cluster configuration data, as well as the state of other cluster data, may be stored on the quorum storage, thereby assuring the integrity of the data while providing increased reliability through the use of mirror sets of storage elements or the like for storing that data. Significant flexibility in how a cluster may be configured is achieved, along with improved cluster performance and scalability.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在服务器集群的各种存储设备之间分发各种类型的集群数据的方法和系统。 将集群启动和运行所需的集群核心引导数据存储在定额存储机制上，与存储在较低成本和/或更高性能存储上的集群配置数据分开存储。 法定人数存储可以通过节点数量，单个法定盘数或复制成员的数量来实现。 集群配置数据的状态以及其他集群数据的状态可以存储在法定存储器上，从而通过使用存储元件等的镜像集来提供增强的可靠性来保证数据的完整性 存储该数据。 实现集群如何配置的重大灵活性，以及​​改进的集群性能和可扩展性。

公开(公告)号：US06279032B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-21

申请号：US08963050

申请日：1997-11-03

申请人： Robert T. Short ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  John D. Vert

发明人： Robert T. Short ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  John D. Vert

IPC分类号： G06F1516

CPC分类号： H04L67/1002 ,  H04L41/06

摘要： A method and system for selecting a set of systems (nodes) for a server cluster from at least two non-communicating sets of systems. A persistent storage device with cluster configuration information therein is provided as a quorum resource. Using an arbitration process, only one system exclusively reserves the quorum resource. The set with the system therein having the exclusive reservation of the quorum device is selected as the cluster. The arbitration process provides a challenge-defense protocol whereby a system can obtain the reservation of the quorum device when the system that has the reservation fails.

摘要翻译： 用于从至少两个不通信的系统集合中选择用于服务器集群的一组系统（节点）的方法和系统。 提供其中具有集群配置信息的永久存储设备作为仲裁资源。 使用仲裁程序，只有一个系统专门保留仲裁资源。 选择其中具有仲裁设备的独占预留的系统的集合作为集群。 仲裁过程提供了一种挑战防御协议，当具有保留的系统失败时，系统可以获得仲裁设备的预留。

公开(公告)号：US06549934B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-15

申请号：US09260194

申请日：1999-03-01

申请人： Glenn R. Peterson ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Norbert P. Kusters

发明人： Glenn R. Peterson ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  Norbert P. Kusters

IPC分类号： G06F1516

CPC分类号： H04L49/9052 ,  H04L49/90 ,  H04L49/9042 ,  H04L49/9057 ,  H04L49/9078 ,  H04L67/42

摘要： A method and system for providing remote access and control of devices such as disks, tape drives and modems across a network. A client driver intercepts I/O requests that are destined for a device which an application essentially considers a local device, such as for purposes of disk mirroring. The client driver queues and dequeues the I/O request, marshals it with header information and data, and sends it as a message to the server over one of possibly multiple connections to the server. A server driver unmarshalls the message, places it in a preallocated buffer as designated by the client, and generates an I/O request therefrom directed to the server device. The server responds with a completion status. The client side manages the server buffers, and the client classifies and partitions large requests into one or more segments that fit the server buffers. Sequential processing also may be ensured. The client also handles cancel operations on the remote device, and the client may also load balance across the multiple paths, by selecting a connection based on criteria including pending message size and dynamic performance measurements of the connections.

摘要翻译： 一种用于跨网络提供诸如磁盘，磁带驱动器和调制解调器等设备的远程访问和控制的方法和系统。 客户机驱动程序拦截指定给应用程序本质上考虑本地设备的设备的I / O请求，例如用于磁盘镜像。 客户端驱动程序对I / O请求进行排队和出队，将其与头信息和数据进行排队，并将其作为消息通过与服务器的多个连接之一发送到服务器。 服务器驱动程序解组消息，将其放置在由客户端指定的预分配缓冲区中，并生成指向服务器设备的I / O请求。 服务器响应完成状态。 客户端管理服务器缓冲区，客户端将大型请求分类并分配到适合服务器缓冲区的一个或多个段中。 也可以确保顺序处理。 客户端还处理远程设备上的取消操作，并且客户端还可以通过基于包括等待的消息大小和连接的动态性能测量的标准的选择来连接跨多个路径的负载平衡。

公开(公告)号：US06401120B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-04

申请号：US09277450

申请日：1999-03-26

申请人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa

发明人： Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa

IPC分类号： G06F15173

CPC分类号： G06F11/182 ,  G06F11/1425 ,  G06F11/1482 ,  G06F11/1662 ,  G06F11/181 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2035

摘要： A method and system for increasing the availability of a server cluster while reducing its cost by requiring at a minimum only one node and a quorum replica set of storage devices (replica members) to form and continue operating as a cluster. A plurality of replica members maintain the cluster operational data and are independent from any given node. A cluster may be formed and continue to operate as long as one server node possesses a quorum (majority) of the replica members. This ensures that a new or surviving cluster has a least one replica member that belonged to the immediately prior cluster and is thus correct with respect to the cluster operational data. Update sequence numbers and/or timestamps are used to determine the most updated replica member from among those in the quorum for reconciling the other replica members.

摘要翻译： 一种通过至少要求一个节点和一个仲裁复制集存储设备（副本成员）来形成并继续作为集群运行而降低成本的方法和系统。 多个副本成员保持集群操作数据并且独立于任何给定节点。 只要一个服务器节点拥有副本成员的多数（多数），就可以形成集群并继续运行。 这确保新的或存活的集群具有属于紧接在前的集群的至少一个副本成员，并且因此对于集群操作数据是正确的。 更新序列号和/或时间戳用于确定来自仲裁中的最新更新的副本成员，以协调其他副本成员。

公开(公告)号：US06178529B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US08963049

申请日：1997-11-03

申请人： Robert T. Short ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  John D. Vert

发明人： Robert T. Short ,  Rod Gamache ,  Michael T. Massa ,  John D. Vert

IPC分类号： G06F945

CPC分类号： G06F11/2038 ,  G06F11/2025 ,  G06F11/2041 ,  G06F11/2046

摘要： A method and system in a server cluster for monitoring and controlling a resource object, such as a physical device or application. A cluster service connects to a resource monitoring component to control and monitor the health of one or more resource objects. The resource component includes a plurality of methods, common to all such resource components, for calling by the resource monitor to control and monitor operation of the resource object therethrough. The common methods enable the cluster server to treat all resources similarly without regard to the type of resource.

摘要翻译： 服务器集群中用于监视和控制资源对象（如物理设备或应用程序）的方法和系统。 集群服务连接到资源监视组件以控制和监视一个或多个资源对象的运行状况。 资源组件包括所有这些资源组件共用的多种方法，用于由资源监视器调用以控制和监视资源对象的操作。 通常的方法使群集服务器能够同时处理所有资源，而不考虑资源类型。