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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for rapidly changing a magnetic field produced by electromagnets 失效用于快速改变由电磁铁产生的磁场的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6128174A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US921298
申请日：1997-08-29
CPC分类号： H02N15/00 , A61B34/70 , A61B34/73 , A61N2/02 , A61F2250/0001 , H01F7/1883
摘要： A method and apparatus for ramping current in an electromagnet in which a coil is used to generate the magnetic field provides rapid changes in the generated magnetic field. The method allows a change in current in the coil to be accomplished more rapidly than by applying a step change in voltage, when superconducting coils subject to quenching are used or when nonsuperconducting coils subject to other physical limitations are used. The method requires that both the current I(t) through the coil and the first derivative of the current vary with respect to time t during the ramping period, so that magnitude of the derivative of the current is higher when the magnitude of applied current is lower, lower when the magnitude of the applied current is higher. One variation of this method supplies (or removes) a constant amount of power from the magnetic field of the magnet, while another variation compensates for both self-generated eddy current losses and self-generated high field effects. The method can be used to guide a magnetic seed and in other applications. The apparatus includes, in its most general form, an electromagnetic coil, a generator for applying an initial current to the coil, and a processor controlling the generator that causes the current to ramp from an initial to a final value in accordance with the methods described above.
摘要翻译： 用于使线圈用于产生磁场的电磁铁中的电流斜坡增加的方法和装置提供所产生的磁场的快速变化。 当使用经受淬火的超导线圈或者当使用受其他物理限制的非超导线圈时，该方法允许线圈中的电流变化比通过施加电压的阶跃变化更快地实现。 该方法要求通过线圈的电流I（t）和电流的一阶导数在斜坡期间相对于时间t变化，使得当施加的电流的大小为 当施加的电流的大小较高时，较低，较低。 该方法的一个变型提供（或去除）来自磁体的磁场的恒定量的功率，而另一个变化补偿了自生成的涡流损耗和自生成的高场效应。 该方法可用于引导磁性种子和其他应用。 该装置以其最通用的形式包括电磁线圈，用于向线圈施加初始电流的发生器，以及控制发电机的处理器，其根据所描述的方法使电流从初始值向最终值斜坡 以上。
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2.发明授权Intracranial bolt and method of placing and using an intracranial bolt to position a medical device 失效颅内螺栓和放置和使用颅内螺栓来定位医疗装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US6152933A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-28
申请号：US189645
申请日：1998-11-10
CPC分类号： A61M39/0613 , A61M27/006 , A61B2090/103 , A61M2039/062 , A61M2039/0673
摘要： An intracranial bolt, for installation in an opening in the skull to provide access to the brain for a medical device, has a bore therethrough for the passage of the medical device, and an inflatable member in the bore which when inflated engages a medical device in the bore, releasably anchoring the device. The inflatable member comprises a cylinder of flexible sheet material inside the bore and secured to the wall of the bore defining an annular pocket therebetween. A passage extends through the bolt to the pocket for the introduction of fluid into the pocket to expanding radially inwardly. The bolt in a medical procedure on the brain by forming an opening in the skull; installing the intracranial bolt in the opening in the skull; and securing the cap on the bolt. When it is time to conduct the procedure, the cap is removed and a medical device can be inserted into the brain through the bolt. The inflatable member can be inflated to temporarily hold the medical device in place.
摘要翻译： 用于安装在颅骨中的开口中以提供用于医疗装置的大脑的颅内螺栓具有穿过其中的用于医疗装置通过的孔，以及在孔中的可充气构件，其在充气时与医疗装置接合 孔，可释放地锚定装置。 所述可充气构件包括在所述孔内的柔性片材的圆筒，并且固定到所述孔的壁，在所述孔的壁之间限定出环形袋。 通道延伸穿过螺栓到口袋中以将流体引入口袋中以径向向内扩张。 通过在头骨中形成一个开口在大脑的医疗过程中的螺栓; 将颅内螺栓安装在颅骨的开口处; 并将盖子固定在螺栓上。 当进行该程序的时候，帽被去除，医疗装置可以通过螺栓插入大脑。 充气构件可以被充气以临时将医疗装置保持在适当位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5654864A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-05
申请号：US280124
申请日：1994-07-25
摘要： A control method permits the operation of multiple superconducting magnetic coils so as to move a magnetic object to precisely specified locations within the body under command of a physician-operator observing the motion with live fluoroscopic imaging fused with more detailed preoperative imaging of some other kind. A computer contains the preoperative images and the fluoroscopic images, as well as the means to effect changes in the coil currents so as to accomplish the desired magnetic object motion and positioning. The control method operates the coils in pairs on opposite sides of the body in a manner to minimize the necessary current changes, thus avoiding the quenching of the superconducting coils. Combinations of these pairs can execute motion of the magnetic object in any direction in an impulsive manner and with high precision. The method should function well and provide advantages with coils which are not superconducting as well. The method overcomes the redundance present in the limited constraints given by a simple movement vector by the physician-operator.
摘要翻译： 控制方法允许多个超导磁性线圈的操作，以便在医师操作者的指令下，将磁性物体移动到身体内的精确指定的位置，用活体荧光成像器观察运动，并与更为详细的其它类型的术前成像融合在一起。 计算机包括术前图像和透视图像，以及实现线圈电流变化以便实现期望的磁性物体运动和定位的手段。 控制方法以使得必要的电流变化最小化的方式在体的相对侧成对地操作线圈，从而避免超导线圈的淬火。 这些对的组合可以以脉冲方式和高精度执行任何方向的磁性物体的运动。 该方法应该能够很好地工作，并且提供不超导线圈的优点。 该方法克服了由医师操作者由简单运动矢量给出的有限约束中存在的冗余。
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