摘要:
The invention provides a process for the preparation of an allyl alkyl ether comprising the allylation of an aliphatic hydroxyl containing compound with an allyl source in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is a transition metal complex with a phosphine ligand, wherein the allylation is carried out in the presence of an acid in an amount of at least 0.1 mol % calculated on the aliphatic hydroxyl containing compound. This invention further provides a process for the preparation of epoxy resins wherein as intermediate use is made of the allyl alkyl ethers prepared by the process of the invention.
摘要:
In a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger tube sheet sealing elements are arranged on respective ends of heat exchanger tubes. Said ends of the heat exchanger tubes having the sealing elements are arranged at predetermined positions in a mould. Said ends of the heat exchanger tubes are sealed such that a tube sheet material to be casted in the mould does not enter the heat exchanger tubes during casting of the tube sheet material. A tube sheet material is casted in the mould for covering the sealing elements. The tube sheet material is hardened in the mould.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a 1,2-epoxide by catalytic oxidation of a terminal olefin with hydrogen peroxide wherein the catalytic oxidation is performed in a biphasic system comprising an organic phase and an aqueous reaction medium, wherein a water-soluble manganese complex is used as oxidation catalyst, wherein a terminal olefin is used with a solubility at 20° C. of at least 0.01 to 100 g in 1 liter water, and wherein the molar ratio of terminal olefin to hydrogen peroxide is in the range of from 1:0.1 to 1:2.
摘要:
In a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger tube sheet sealing elements are arranged on respective ends of heat exchanger tubes. Said ends of the heat exchanger tubes having the sealing elements are arranged at predetermined positions in a mold. Said ends of the heat exchanger tubes are sealed such that a tube sheet material to be casted in the mold does not enter the heat exchanger tubes during casting of the tube sheet material. A tube sheet material is casted in the mold for covering the sealing elements. The tube sheet material is hardened in the mold.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of epichlorohydrin (“ECH”) by catalytic oxidation of allyl chloride (“AC”) with an oxidant wherein the catalytic oxidation is performed in an aqueous reaction medium, wherein a water-soluble manganese complex is used as oxidation catalyst, followed by the isolation of epichlorohydrin.
摘要:
The invention relates to a heat exchanger for heat exchange between fluids, comprising a housing having an inlet and an outlet for each fluid, the inlet and outlet for each fluid being connected to one another by a flow path, the flow path of a first fluid comprising multiple heat exchange modules comprising at least one longitudinal hollow tube, wherein the modules are arranged in a matrix configuration that comprises at least two columns of longitudinal tubes and at least two rows of longitudinal tubes, and wherein a module is provided with at least one connector for connecting to a co-operating connector of an adjacent module, such that the space enclosed between adjacent modules defines a flow path for a second fluid, parallel to the flow path for the first fluid.
摘要:
A process for the manufacture of propylene oxide (“PO”) by catalytic oxidation of propylene with an oxidant wherein the catalytic oxidation is performed in an aqueous reaction medium, comprising water with less than 10% by volume of cosolvents, wherein a water-soluble manganese complex is used as oxidation catalyst,characterized in that the water-soluble manganese complex is a mononuclear species of the general formula (I): [LMnX3]Y (I) or a binuclear species of the general formula (II): [LMn(μ-X)3MnL]Y2 (II) wherein Mn is a manganese; L or each L independently is a polydentate ligand, each X independently is a coordinating species and each μ-X independently is a bridging coordinating species, whereas Y is an non-coordinating counterion, and wherein the catalytic oxidation is carried out at a pH in the range of from 1.5 to 6.0.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of epichlorohydrin (“ECH”) by catalytic oxidation of allyl chloride (“AC”) with an oxidant wherein the catalytic oxidation is performed in an aqueous reaction medium, wherein a water-soluble manganese complex is used as oxidation catalyst, followed by the isolation of epichlorohydrin.
摘要:
Apparatus and processes are provided for forming epoxide compounds. In one embodiment, a process for the manufacture of an epoxide is provided including adding an oxidant, a water-soluble manganese complex and a terminal olefin to form a multiphasic reaction mixture, reacting the terminal olefin with the oxidant in the multiphasic reaction mixture having at least one organic phase in the presence of the water-soluble manganese complex, separating the reaction mixture into the at least one organic phase and an aqueous phase, and reusing at least part of the aqueous phase. The invention is also related to a device for performing the above process.
摘要:
Processes are provided for the formation of an epoxyethyl ether or a glycidyl ether. In one embodiment, a process is provided for the manufacture of an epoxyethyl ether or glycidyl ether including reacting a vinyl ether or an allyl ether with an oxidant in the presence of a water-soluble manganese complex in an aqueous reaction medium, wherein the water-soluble manganese complex comprises an oxidation catalyst, characterized in that the water-soluble manganese complex is a mononuclear complex of the general formula (I): [LMnX3]Y (I), or a binuclear complex of the general formula (II): [LMn(μ-X)3MnL](Y)n (II), wherein Mn is a manganese; L or each L independently is a polydentate ligand, each X independently is a coordinating species and each μ-X independently is a bridging coordinating species, Y is a non-coordinating counter ion, and wherein the epoxidation is carried out at a pH in the range of from 1.0 to 6.0. The invention also relates to epoxyethyl ethers.