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公开(公告)号：US20100237751A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-23
申请号：US11991894
申请日：2006-07-07
IPC分类号： H01L41/083 , H01L41/22
CPC分类号： H01L41/0471 , H01L41/0838 , H01L41/273 , Y10T29/42
摘要： A piezoelectric actuator comprises a co-fired stack of piezoelectric elements formed from a piezoelectric material and a plurality of positive internal electrodes interdigitated with a plurality of negative internal electrodes throughout the stack to define active regions of the piezoelectric material which are responsive to a voltage applied across the internal electrodes, in use. An external positive electrode connects with the positive internal electrodes and an external negative electrode connects with the negative internal electrodes. The actuator is characterised in that the stack further comprises means for deliberately creating artificial cracks within the stack at a location at which the artificial cracks do not give rise to a short circuit between the internal electrodes but serve to relieve stresses within the piezoelectric material.
摘要翻译： 压电致动器包括由压电材料形成的压电元件的共同堆叠，以及与整个堆叠中的多个负的内部电极交错的多个正内部电极，以限定响应于施加电压的压电材料的有源区域 穿过内部电极，在使用中。 外部正极与正内部电极连接，外部负极与负极内部连接。 致动器的特征在于，堆叠还包括用于在人造裂纹不会在内部电极之间引起短路而用于减轻压电材料内的应力的位置处故意地在堆叠内产生人造裂纹的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US08358051B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-22
申请号：US11991894
申请日：2006-07-07
IPC分类号： H01L41/083
CPC分类号： H01L41/0471 , H01L41/0838 , H01L41/273 , Y10T29/42
摘要： A piezoelectric actuator comprises a co-fired stack of piezoelectric elements formed from a piezoelectric material and a plurality of positive internal electrodes interdigitated with a plurality of negative internal electrodes throughout the stack to define active regions of the piezoelectric material which are responsive to a voltage applied across the internal electrodes, in use. An external positive electrode connects with the positive internal electrodes and an external negative electrode connects with the negative internal electrodes. The actuator is characterized in that the stack further comprises means for deliberately creating artificial cracks within the stack at a location at which the artificial cracks do not give rise to a short circuit between the internal electrodes but serve to relieve stresses within the piezoelectric material.
摘要翻译： 压电致动器包括由压电材料形成的压电元件的共同堆叠，以及与整个堆叠中的多个负的内部电极交叉的多个正的内部电极，以限定响应于施加的电压的压电材料的有源区域 穿过内部电极，在使用中。 外部正极与正内部电极连接，外部负极与负极内部连接。 致动器的特征在于，堆叠还包括用于在人造裂纹不会在内部电极之间引起短路而用于减轻压电材料内的应力的位置处故意地在堆叠内产生人造裂纹的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US20090038130A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-12
申请号：US12011920
申请日：2008-01-30
CPC分类号： B29C39/18 , B29C39/20 , B29K2995/0008 , H01L41/273 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/49155 , Y10T29/5317
摘要： A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric actuator, the method comprising: co-extruding alternating strips of a high permittivity material and a low permittivity material to form a green tape comprising said alternating strips of said high permittivity material and said low permittivity material; cutting said green tape to form a plurality of sheets, each sheet comprising a high permittivity region and at least two low permittivity regions adjacent to the high permittivity region; applying at least one conductive region to each one of two or more of the sheets to overly the high permittivity region and to leave exposed at least one low permittivity region; and stacking a plurality of sheets to form an actuator stack comprising adjacent sheets, wherein the or each conductive region on each sheet is offset with respect to a conductive region on a different sheet within the actuator stack.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造压电致动器的方法，所述方法包括：共挤出高电容率材料和低介电常数材料的交替条，以形成包括所述高介电常数材料和所述低介电常数材料的所述交替条带的生带; 切割所述生带以形成多个片材，每个片材包括高介电常数区域和与高介电常数区域相邻的至少两个低介电常数区域; 将至少一个导电区域施加到两个或更多个片材中的每一个上以过度地高介电常数区域并且留下暴露的至少一个低介电常数区域; 并且堆叠多个片材以形成包括相邻片材的致动器堆叠，其中每个片材上的每个导电区域相对于致动器堆叠体内的不同片材上的导电区域偏移。
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公开(公告)号：US08006358B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-30
申请号：US12011920
申请日：2008-01-30
IPC分类号： H04R17/00
CPC分类号： B29C39/18 , B29C39/20 , B29K2995/0008 , H01L41/273 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/49155 , Y10T29/5317
摘要： A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric actuator, the method comprising: co-extruding alternating strips of a high permittivity material and a low permittivity material to form a green tape comprising said alternating strips of said high permittivity material and said low permittivity material; cutting said green tape to form a plurality of sheets, each sheet comprising a high permittivity region and at least two low permittivity regions adjacent to the high permittivity region; applying at least one conductive region to each one of two or more of the sheets to overly the high permittivity region and to leave exposed at least one low permittivity region; and stacking a plurality of sheets to form an actuator stack comprising adjacent sheets, wherein the or each conductive region on each sheet is offset with respect to a conductive region on a different sheet within the actuator stack.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造压电致动器的方法，所述方法包括：共挤出高电容率材料和低介电常数材料的交替条，以形成包括所述高介电常数材料和所述低介电常数材料的所述交替条带的生带; 切割所述生带以形成多个片材，每个片材包括高介电常数区域和与高介电常数区域相邻的至少两个低介电常数区域; 将至少一个导电区域施加到两个或更多个片材中的每一个上以过度地高介电常数区域并且留下暴露的至少一个低介电常数区域; 并且堆叠多个片材以形成包括相邻片材的致动器堆叠，其中每个片材上的每个导电区域相对于致动器堆叠体内的不同片材上的导电区域偏移。
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公开(公告)号：US20090026890A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-29
申请号：US12075365
申请日：2008-03-11
IPC分类号： H01L41/083
CPC分类号： H01L41/083 , H01L41/1876 , H01L41/257
摘要： Piezoelectric actuators of the type comprising a stack of layers of ferroelectric material and intervening electrodes which extend only part-way across the adjacent ferroelectric layers suffer differential remanent stress when electric fields are applied across the layers. To overcome this, a tensile stress is applied to the actuator along an axis substantially perpendicular to the layers of piezoelectric material in the actuator, which tensile stress is sufficient to mechanically align the dipoles, thus giving rise to a remanent strain which is uniform throughout the actuator. The actuator is advantageously heated while the tensile stress is applied, so as to increase the difference between the tensile strength of the material and the applied tensile stress. An alternative arrangement involves subjecting the actuator to a multidirectional stress and reducing the stress along the axis substantially perpendicular to the layers of piezoelectric material in the actuator. The entire process is performed on completed actuators. Under suitable temperature and load conditions no tensile margin fractures form and electrode tip discontinuity is reduced.
摘要翻译： 包括铁电材料层的堆叠的压电致动器和仅在相邻的铁电层之间仅部分延伸的中间电极，当跨越层施加电场时，会产生差别的剩余应力。 为了克服这一点，致动器沿着基本上垂直于致动器中的压电材料层的轴施加拉伸应力，该拉伸应力足以机械对准偶极子，从而产生在整个过程中均匀的剩余应变 执行器。 有利地，在施加拉伸应力的同时加热致动器，以增加材料的拉伸强度与施加的拉伸应力之间的差异。 一种替代方案包括使致动器经受多向应力并且沿着基本垂直于致动器中的压电材料层的轴线减小应力。 整个过程在完成的执行器上执行。 在合适的温度和负载条件下，不产生拉伸边缘断裂，电极尖端不连续性降低。
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公开(公告)号：US20090152991A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-18
申请号：US12085243
申请日：2006-11-24
IPC分类号： H01L41/053 , H01L41/083
CPC分类号： H01L41/053 , H01L41/0533 , H01L41/083
摘要： A piezoelectric actuator for use in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the actuator comprising a stack of ferroelectric layers; an encapsulation for protecting the stack from the ingress of liquid; and oxygenation means for providing oxygen to the ferroelectric layers, the means positioned between the encapsulation and stack. The oxygenation means is preferably impregnated in a fabric which forms a layer between the encapsulation and the stack.
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射系统的压电致动器，所述致动器包括一堆铁电层; 用于保护堆叠免受液体侵入的封装; 以及用于向铁电层提供氧的氧合装置，位于封装和堆叠之间的装置。 氧合装置优选浸渍在在封装和堆叠之间形成层的织物中。
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公开(公告)号：US07353585B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US10517624
申请日：2003-06-06
IPC分类号： H04R31/00
CPC分类号： H01L41/257 , H01L41/083 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/435 , Y10T29/49005 , Y10T29/4908 , Y10T29/49401 , Y10T29/49798
摘要： A method of producing an actuator includes shaping a block of ferroelectric material to provide an active element of the actuator. The element includes a stack of ferroelectric layers with adjacent layers separated by electrodes arranged parallel to end faces of the element. The method includes applying a primary electrode to the end faces, immersing the element and the primary electrode within a dielectric fluid, applying a primary poling voltage to the primary electrode so as to polarize the element in a first polarization direction, applying a secondary external electrode to side faces of the element, and applying a secondary poling voltage to the secondary electrode to polarize alternate layers along the first polarization direction and the other layers along a second, oppositely-directed polarization axis. The method may also include applying a conductive film to the end faces and/or applying heat to help evaporate the dielectric fluid.
摘要翻译： 制造致动器的方法包括成形铁电材料块以提供致动器的有源元件。 该元件包括一堆铁电层，其相邻层被平行于该元件的端面排列的电极隔开。 该方法包括将主电极施加到端面，将元件和初级电极浸入电介质流体内，向主电极施加初级极化电压，以使第一极化方向上的元件极化，施加第二外部电极 到所述元件的侧面，并且向所述次级电极施加次级极化电压，以沿着所述第一偏振方向和所述其它层沿着第二相对定向的偏振轴偏振交替层。 该方法还可以包括将导电膜施加到端面和/或施加热量以帮助蒸发介电流体。
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公开(公告)号：US07750538B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-06
申请号：US12085243
申请日：2006-11-24
IPC分类号： H01L41/053
CPC分类号： H01L41/053 , H01L41/0533 , H01L41/083
摘要： A piezoelectric actuator for use in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the actuator comprising a stack of ferroelectric layers; an encapsulation for protecting the stack from the ingress of liquid; and oxygenation means for providing oxygen to the ferroelectric layers, the means positioned between the encapsulation and stack. The oxygenation means is preferably impregnated in a fabric which forms a layer between the encapsulation and the stack.
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射系统的压电致动器，所述致动器包括一堆铁电层; 用于保护堆叠免受液体侵入的封装; 以及用于向铁电层提供氧的氧合装置，位于封装和堆叠之间的装置。 氧合装置优选浸渍在在封装和堆叠之间形成层的织物中。
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