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公开(公告)号：US4172925A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-30
申请号：US880071
申请日：1978-02-22
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/20
摘要： Photoelectrochemical cell structures and methods of fabricaton are disclosed which provide for easily manufactured efficient energy conversion devices. The structures incorporate one or more chambers for the electrolyte, and utilize semiconductor photoelectrodes. In the plural chamber structure, the semiconductor may be opaque, and need not necessarily be a thin film. Specific dopants for the semiconductor provide for decreased dark current and increased open circuit voltage. Post deposition treatment is disclosed for the semiconductor to provide an increased shorting current. Increased sputtering wattage is provided to increase the short circuit current available from the cell. An electrolyte composition is described having improved performance at high light intensity.In a multi-chamber embodiment, the electrode placement causes the photoactive site to be at an end of the chamber removed from the irradiation window, thereby permitting the use of non-transparent photoelectrodes.A third embodiment is disclosed including two photoelectrodes, in combination with a properly selected electrolyte, to provide response to two different portions of the spectrum at an increase operating efficiency. A method and apparatus is disclosed for utilizing a photoelectrochemical cell of the type provided in a dual role, both for electrical conversion of impinging radiation and for heat utilization resulting therefrom.Finally, a multi-chamber, multi-electrolyte structure is disclosed providing electrical charge storage after termination of radiation.
摘要翻译： 公开了光电化学电池结构和制造方法，其提供容易制造的高效能量转换装置。 该结构包含用于电解质的一个或多个室，并且利用半导体光电极。 在多室结构中，半导体可以是不透明的，并不一定是薄膜。 用于半导体的特定掺杂剂提供降低的暗电流和增加的开路电压。 公开了半导体的后沉积处理以提供增加的短路电流。 提供了增加的溅射功率以增加从电池可用的短路电流。 描述了在高光强度下具有改进的性能的电解质组合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4118547A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US763073
申请日：1977-01-27
申请人： Horst Witzke , Schoen-nan Chen , Satyendra K. Deb , Steven Robert Jost , Joseph Reichman , Michael A. Russak
发明人： Horst Witzke , Schoen-nan Chen , Satyendra K. Deb , Steven Robert Jost , Joseph Reichman , Michael A. Russak
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/2031 , Y02E10/542
摘要： A sealed device includes an electrode having a semiconductor thin film coating. A liquid electrolyte contacts the thin film to form a photoactive interface which converts light energy to electrical energy. A counterelectrode is positioned in spaced relation to the electrode and also contacts the electrolyte. Leads are connected to the electrode and counterelectrode so that a load may be driven by the device when the device is exposed to light.
摘要翻译： 密封装置包括具有半导体薄膜涂层的电极。 液体电解质接触薄膜以形成将光能转换成电能的光活性界面。 反电极被定位成与电极隔开的关系并且还接触电解质。 引线连接到电极和对电极，使得当器件暴露于光时可以由器件驱动负载。
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公开(公告)号：US4117210A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-26
申请号：US763072
申请日：1977-01-27
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/20
摘要： A photogalvanic cell includes a conducting SnO.sub.2 electrode upon which is deposited a semi-transparent film of Ti. A metal oxide thin film, such as TiO.sub.2 is in turn deposited upon the semi-transparent Ti thin film. An aqueous (acid or base) electrolyte contacts the metal oxide thin film to form a photoactive site for converting light to electrical energy. The semi-transparent film reduces the internal resistance of the cell by assisting charge transfer between the metal oxide film and the electrode. Also, use of a semi-transparent film permits bi-directional irradiation of the cell to increase photoconversion efficiency.
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公开(公告)号：US4266338A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US20373
申请日：1979-03-14
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/20 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： Photoelectrochemical cell structures and methods of fabrication are disclosed which provide for easily manufactured efficient energy conversion devices. The structures incorporate one or more chambers for the electrolyte, and utilize semiconductor photoelectrodes. In the plural chamber structure, the semiconductor may be opaque, and need not necessarily be a thin film. Specific dopants for the semiconductor provide for decreased dark current and increased open circuit voltage. Post deposition treatment is disclosed for the semiconductor to provide an increased shorting current. Increased sputtering wattage is provided to increase the short circuit current available from the cell. An electrolyte composition is described having improved performance at high light intensity.
摘要翻译： 公开了光电化学电池结构和制造方法，其提供了容易制造的高效能量转换装置。 该结构包含用于电解质的一个或多个室，并且利用半导体光电极。 在多室结构中，半导体可以是不透明的，并不一定是薄膜。 用于半导体的特定掺杂剂提供降低的暗电流和增加的开路电压。 公开了半导体的后沉积处理以提供增加的短路电流。 提供了增加的溅射功率以增加从电池可用的短路电流。 描述了在高光强度下具有改进的性能的电解质组合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4118546A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US763071
申请日：1977-01-27
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/20
摘要： A photogalvanic cell includes a glass substrate with a transparent electrode which receives irradiating light energy. A second electrode is positioned in spaced relationship from the first electrode and has a thin film of charge storing tungsten oxide deposited thereon. Spaced from both the transparent electrode and the tungsten oxide thin film is a counterelectrode. An electrolyte having TiO.sub.2 powder mixed therein forms a photoactive site at the surface of the transparent electrode. By physically separating the tungsten oxide thin film from the transparent electrode, more light irradiates the TiO.sub.2 thereby increasing the photoconversion of the cell.
摘要翻译： 光电池包括具有接收照射光能的透明电极的玻璃基板。 第二电极与第一电极间隔开，并且具有沉积氧化钨的电荷的薄膜。 从透明电极和氧化钨薄膜两方面都是反电极。 混合有TiO 2粉末的电解质在透明电极的表面形成光活性部位。 通过将氧化钨薄膜与透明电极物理分离，更多的光照射TiO 2，从而增加了电池的光转换。
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公开(公告)号：US4076904A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-28
申请号：US740873
申请日：1976-11-11
申请人： Schoen-nan Chen
发明人： Schoen-nan Chen
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/20 , H01M6/34
摘要： A multilayer device has a coated photoelectrochemical electrode and a counterelectrode. The device is packaged without an electrolyte. However, when the device is immersed in sea water, the water acts as an electrolyte by contributing ions which makes photogalvanic action possible. The device may be fabricated in the form of flexible sheets which are easily transported and deployed for use in sea water. The device will generate electricity for a utilization device after it is immersed in sea water and exposed to light.
摘要翻译： 多层器件具有涂覆的光电化学电极和反电极。 该设备在没有电解液的情况下进行包装。 然而，当该装置浸入海水中时，水通过促使能够进行光电化作用的离子而作为电解质。 该装置可以以易于运输和部署用于海水的柔性片材的形式制造。 该设备在浸入海水中并暴露于光线后，将为使用设备发电。
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公开(公告)号：US4138532A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-06
申请号：US740875
申请日：1976-11-11
申请人： Schoen-nan Chen
发明人： Schoen-nan Chen
CPC分类号： H01M14/005 , H01G9/2027 , H01G9/2059 , H01L51/0072 , H01L51/42 , Y02E10/542
摘要： A photogalvanic cell having a light transparent electrode and a spaced counterelectrode separated by an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes an n-methylphenazine dye system which not only contributes to the conversion of light to electrical energy but also is capable of storing electrical charge after light is removed.
摘要翻译： 具有透明电极和由电解质分离的间隔反电极的光电池。 电解质包括正甲基吩嗪染料体系，其不仅有助于将光转换成电能，而且还能够在除去光后存储电荷。
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公开(公告)号：US4137524A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-30
申请号：US837070
申请日：1977-09-28
IPC分类号： G02F1/1343 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： G02F1/1343
摘要： The present invention includes a multi-electrode structure including a counterelectrode, a display electrode in registry with the counterelectrode and finally an intermediately positioned apertured background electrode. Display material is contained between the counterelectrode and the background electrode. Depending upon the electric field conditions existing between the various electrodes, a display image may be created with a first dark-light contrast relationship relative to a background. An appropriate driving circuit is capable of changing the field relationship between the electrodes so that a reverse contrast relationship appears between a displayed image and its background.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一个多电极结构，它包括一个反电极，一个与反电极对准的显示电极，最后是一个中间位置有孔的背景电极。 显示材料包含在反电极和背景电极之间。 根据存在于各种电极之间的电场条件，可以产生具有相对于背景的第一暗光对比度关系的显示图像。 适当的驱动电路能够改变电极之间的场关系，使得显示的图像与其背景之间出现反向对比度关系。
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