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    Method for determining azole resistance in Candida glabrata
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for determining azole resistance in Candida glabrata 有权
    确定念珠菌的唑类抗性的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08021846B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-09-20

    申请号：US12381492

    申请日：2009-03-12

    申请人： Scott E. Gygax ,  John-Paul Vermitsky ,  Sean G. Chadwick ,  Matthew J. Self ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson

    发明人： Scott E. Gygax ,  John-Paul Vermitsky ,  Sean G. Chadwick ,  Matthew J. Self ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/6895 ,  C12Q2600/158 ,  C12Q2600/16

    摘要： There is disclosed a method for determining azole resistance in Candida glabrata. A biological sample containing Candida glabrata is obtained and a normalized mRNA level of CDR1 gene is determined using qRT-PCR. Using a microbroth dilution assay conducted at azole concentrations of about 2-8 μg/mL, a susceptible isolate of Candida glabrata is obtained. A qRT-PCR assay is employed on the susceptible isolate and an average mRNA level of CDR1 is obtained. A fold-change value for CDR1 is obtained by comparing the CDR1 mRNA level of the biological sample with that of the average mRNA level. A ≧2-fold change value is indicative of an azole resistance in Candida glabrata. The present method provides a qRT-PCR assay for azole resistance that has a sensitivity of ≧90% and a specificity of ≧90%.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种测定念珠菌的唑类抗性的方法。 获得含有念珠菌的生物样品，并使用qRT-PCR测定CDR1基因的归一化mRNA水平。 使用在约2-8μg/ mL的唑浓度下进行的微量稀释测定，获得了易裂片假丝酵母（Candida glabrata）的分离物。 在易感性分离株上使用qRT-PCR测定，获得CDR1的平均mRNA水平。 通过将生物样品的CDR1 mRNA水平与平均mRNA水平的CDR1 mRNA水平进行比较，获得CDR1的倍数值。 A≥2倍变化值表示光滑念珠菌中的唑类抗性。 本方法提供具有≥90％的灵敏度和≥90％的特异性的唑抗性的qRT-PCR测定。

    Method for determining azole resistance in candida glabrata
    2.
    发明申请
    Method for determining azole resistance in candida glabrata 有权
    确定念珠菌的唑类抗性的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090305274A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-10

    申请号：US12381492

    申请日：2009-03-12

    申请人： Scott E. Gygax ,  John-Paul Vermitsky ,  Sean G. Chadwick ,  Matthew J. Self ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson

    发明人： Scott E. Gygax ,  John-Paul Vermitsky ,  Sean G. Chadwick ,  Matthew J. Self ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/6895 ,  C12Q2600/158 ,  C12Q2600/16

    摘要： There is disclosed a method for determining azole resistance in Candida glabrata. A biological sample containing Candida glabrata is obtained and a normalized mRNA level of CDR1 gene is determined using qRT-PCR. Using a microbroth dilution assay conducted at azole concentrations of about 2-8 μg/mL, a susceptible isolate of Candida glabrata is obtained. A qRT-PCR assay is employed on the susceptible isolate and an average mRNA level of CDR1 is obtained. A fold-change value for CDR1 is obtained by comparing the CDR1 mRNA level of the biological sample with that of the average mRNA level. A ≧2-fold change value is indicative of an azole resistance in Candida glabrata. The present method provides a qRT-PCR assay for azole resistance that has a sensitivity of ≧90% and a specificity of ≧90%.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种测定念珠菌的唑类抗性的方法。 获得含有念珠菌的生物样品，并使用qRT-PCR测定CDR1基因的标准化mRNA水平。 使用在约2-8mug / mL的唑浓度下进行的微量级稀释测定法，获得了易裂片假丝酵母（Candida glabrata）的分离物。 在易感性分离株上使用qRT-PCR测定，获得CDR1的平均mRNA水平。 通过将生物样品的CDR1 mRNA水平与平均mRNA水平的CDR1 mRNA水平进行比较，获得CDR1的倍数值。 A> = 2倍变化值表示光滑念珠菌中的唑类抗性。 本方法提供灵敏度> = 90％，特异性> = 90％的唑类抗性的qRT-PCR测定。

    Antibiotic resistance profile for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and use of same in diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea
    4.
    发明授权
    Antibiotic resistance profile for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and use of same in diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea 有权
    淋病奈瑟氏球菌的抗生素耐药性及其在淋病诊断和治疗中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US09297048B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

    申请号：US13134252

    申请日：2011-06-02

    申请人： Sergey Balashov ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson ,  Scott E. Gygax

    发明人： Sergey Balashov ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson ,  Scott E. Gygax

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/689 ,  C12Q2600/16

    摘要： The present invention relates to an antibiotic resistance profile for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by assessing the presence of mutations (e.g., SNP) in antibiotic resistant genes that confer bacterial resistance against antibiotics such as penicillin, tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporin, macrolides and spectinomycin. There is provided a method and a kit for generating an antibiotic resistance profile for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by utilizing a multiplex PCR to amplify segments of antibiotic-resistant genes, allele-specific primer extension to detect gene mutation, and detection of such gene mutations with gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, or DNA microarray. The present method provides useful information to physicians relating the antibiotic susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae against different classes of antibiotics. Relying on this personalized diagnostic tool, physicians can better inform about antibiotic susceptibility and thereby open up medical intervention avenues for treating Neisseria gonorrhoeae with antibiotics. There is provided a therapeutic application of the antibiotic resistance profile that has advantages of: (i) providing a more effective regime for gonorrhea treatment; and (ii) halting the evolutionary pressures towards antibiotic resistance in the Neisseria gonorrhoeae therapy.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过评估抗生素抗性基因中的突变（例如SNP）的存在，其对抗生素如青霉素，四环素，氟喹诺酮，头孢菌素，大环内酯和壮观霉素提供细菌耐药性，涉及淋病奈瑟氏球菌抗生素抗性谱。 提供了一种通过利用多重PCR扩增抗生素抗性基因片段，等位基因特异性引物延伸以检测基因突变以及用凝胶电泳检测这种基因突变来产生淋病奈瑟氏球菌抗生素抗性谱的方法和试剂盒 ，毛细管电泳或DNA微阵列。 本方法为医生提供了与淋病奈瑟氏球菌对不同类型抗生素的抗生素敏感性有关的有用信息。 依靠这种个性化诊断工具，医生可以更好地了解抗生素敏感性，从而开辟用抗生素治疗淋病奈瑟氏球菌的医疗干预途径。 提供了抗生素抗性谱的治疗应用，其优点在于：（i）为淋病治疗提供更有效的方案; 和（ii）阻止淋病奈瑟氏球菌治疗中抗生素耐药性的进化压力。

    Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms and community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
    8.
    发明申请
    Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms and community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus 有权
    新型单核苷酸多态性和社区相关耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌

    公开(公告)号：US20120009572A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

    申请号：US13068331

    申请日：2011-05-09

    申请人： Scott E. Gygax ,  Sean Chadwick ,  Aditya Prasad ,  Martin E. Adelson ,  Eli Mordechai

    发明人： Scott E. Gygax ,  Sean Chadwick ,  Aditya Prasad ,  Martin E. Adelson ,  Eli Mordechai

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/689 ,  C12Q2600/156

    摘要： The present invention is based on the discovery of novel polymorphisms (SNPs) in the penicillin binding protein (pbp3) gene in Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of G88A and/or G2047A SNPs provides an accurate, reliable biomarker for the presence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), specifically the community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). The present invention provides reagents used for detecting the SNPs as well as methods of identifying and using these variants to screen subjects for presence of CA-MRSA. The methods involve isolating a biological sample from a mammal (preferably a human) and testing for the presence of a SNP in the pbp3 gene which is associated with CA-MRSA.

    摘要翻译： 本发明基于在金黄色葡萄球菌中青霉素结合蛋白（pbp3）基因中新型多态性（SNP）的发现。 G88A和/或G2047A SNP的存在为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），特别是社区相关MRSA（CA-MRSA）的存在提供了准确，可靠的生物标志物。 本发明提供用于检测SNP的试剂以及鉴定和使用这些变体筛选受试者存在CA-MRSA的方法。 所述方法包括从哺乳动物（优选人）分离生物样品并测试与CA-MRSA相关的pbp3基因中SNP的存在。

    ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE FOR NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AND USE OF SAME IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GONORRHEA
    9.
    发明申请
    ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE FOR NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AND USE OF SAME IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GONORRHEA 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20170260570A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-09-14

    申请号：US15067700

    申请日：2016-03-11

    申请人： Sergey Balashov ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson ,  Scott E. Gygax

    发明人： Sergey Balashov ,  Eli Mordechai ,  Martin E. Adelson ,  Scott E. Gygax

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/689 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  C12Q2600/16

    摘要： The present invention relates to an antibiotic resistance profile for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by assessing the presence of mutations (e.g., SNP) in antibiotic resistant genes that confer bacterial resistance against antibiotics such as penicillin, tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporin, macrolides and spectinomycin. There is provided a method and a kit for generating an antibiotic resistance profile for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by utilizing a multiplex PCR to amplify segments of antibiotic-resistant genes, allele-specific primer extension to detect gene mutation, and detection of such gene mutations with gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, or DNA microarray. The present method provides useful information to physicians relating the antibiotic susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae against different classes of antibiotics. Relying on this personalized diagnostic tool, physicians can better inform about antibiotic susceptibility and thereby open up medical intervention avenues for treating Neisseria gonorrhoeae with antibiotics. There is provided a therapeutic application of the antibiotic resistance profile that has advantages of: (i) providing a more effective regime for gonorrhea treatment; and (ii) halting the evolutionary pressures towards antibiotic resistance in the Neisseria gonorrhoeae therapy.