摘要:
Pixel arrays of an image sensor that include a first pixel and a second pixel adjacent the first pixel are provided. The first pixel may include a first photoelectric conversion device, a first charge storage device, a first floating diffusion node and a first transfer gate. The second pixel may include a second photoelectric conversion device, a second charge storage device, a second floating diffusion node and a second transfer gate. The pixel arrays may also include a storage gate on both the first charge storage device and the second charge storage device. The storage gate may have a unitary structure.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) burst in a communication system are provided. A transmitter obtains at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) according to a decoding order of a receiver which supports a HARQ mode. The receiver controls an order of at least one HARQ burst using burst information including a HARQ Channel IDentifier (ACID).
摘要:
A base station in a wireless communication system and a method for controlling power by the same are provided. The method includes receiving channel state information from a mobile terminal, calculating information regarding a Modulation order Product code Rate (MPR) of the mobile terminal using the channel state information, and controlling transmission power for the mobile terminal according to the information regarding the MPR.
摘要:
A photoelectric conversion module including a pair of substrates facing each other and forming a space for containing an electrolyte therein, a sealing member placed along the edges of the pair of substrates to seal the electrolyte, defining a plurality of photoelectric cells between the pair of substrates, and having an open portion to form an electrolyte inlet, and an inlet sealer formed along the electrolyte inlet. The photoelectric conversion module has improved durability, reliability, and mass-productivity.
摘要:
A dye for dye-sensitized solar cells includes an organometallic complex represented by M(L)pX2:(Z)q. In the organometallic complex, M is a Group 8 through Group 10 metallic element, L is a bidentate ligand, X is a co-ligand, and Z is a counter-ion. The ratio of the bidentate ligand (L) to the counter-ion (Z) is about 1.1 to about 1.4. A method of preparing an exemplary dye includes mixing the organometallic complex with tetrabutylammonium thiocyanate and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide to prepare a solution, and purifying the solution at a pH of about 3.8 to about 4.1. A dye-sensitized solar cell includes a first electrode with a light absorbing layer, a second electrode and an electrolyte between the first and second electrodes. The light absorbing layer includes the dye.
摘要:
A dye-sensitized solar cell that includes a semiconductor layer, to which a photosensitive dye generating electrons is adhered; a photo electrode disposed on a side of the semiconductor layer so as to transfer electrons; and an auxiliary electrode disposed on the other side of the semiconductor layer so as to transfer the electrons, and at least one semiconductor layer and at least one auxiliary electrode are stacked alternatively. Thus, an amount of molecules of the photosensitive dye may be increased without increasing the moving distance of electrons, and the efficiency of the solar cell may be increased.
摘要:
A dye-sensitized solar cell that includes a semiconductor layer, to which a photosensitive dye generating electrons is adhered; a photo electrode disposed on a side of the semiconductor layer so as to transfer electrons; and an auxiliary electrode disposed on the other side of the semiconductor layer so as to transfer the electrons, and at least one semiconductor layer and at least one auxiliary electrode are stacked alternatively. Thus, an amount of molecules of the photosensitive dye may be increased without increasing the moving distance of electrons, and the efficiency of the solar cell may be increased.
摘要:
A photoelectric conversion device that includes: a light-receiving substrate, on which a photoelectrode is formed; a counter substrate that is disposed facing the light-receiving substrate, on which a counter electrode is formed; a semiconductor layer that is formed on the photoelectrode, into which a photosensitive dye is absorbed; and an electrolyte layer that is formed between the semiconductor layer and the counter electrode. The counter electrode includes a catalyst layer formed directly on the counter substrate.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for detecting a pilot signal in a mobile communication system are provided by which the processing time taken to demodulate a traffic channel based on a channel estimation result can be reduced, and thus, the size of a buffer for buffering signals until the presence of a secondary/auxiliary pilot signal is detected can also be reduced. The apparatus includes a first channel estimator for estimating a channel for a noise component of a pilot symbol received by a first receiver, a second channel estimator for adding a pilot symbol received by a second receiver and the pilot symbol received by the first receiver and estimating a channel for a noise component of the added pilot symbol, an energy detector for detecting an energy value of a pilot symbol using result values output from the first and second channel estimators, and a comparison and determination unit for determining whether or not there is a secondary/auxiliary pilot signal by using the detected energy values.
摘要:
An apparatus is operable to control power of a base station in a distributed Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless communication system. At least one beamforming matrix is used for processing transmission signals to terminals included in a terminal set for a multiple access is determined. Minimum power values required for satisfying a minimum transmission rate of the terminals are determined. Whether optimum power values exist is determined using the minimum power values, the beamforming matrix, and a limit transmission power of the base station. When the optimum power values exist, transmission power values for respective terminals are determined in a range meeting the limit transmission power of the base station.