摘要:
The present invention is related to methods of making membrane electrode assembly components. The methods include transferring a catalyst layer to a polymer electrolyte membrane or a gas diffusion layer. Methods of making membrane electrode assemblies with these components are also disclosed.
摘要:
A membrane electrode assembly may be made using a one-sided catalyst coated membrane (CCM) wherein only one catalyst layer, either the anode or the cathode, is coated directly on the ion-exchange membrane. In particular, a one-sided CCM may be used where it may not be practicable to coat both sides of the ion-exchange membrane with catalyst layers such as when PTFE is added to the anode catalyst layer to render it reversal tolerant.
摘要:
An anode catalyst layer for a fuel cell is presented having first and second catalyst compositions and a hydrophobic binder. The first catalyst composition includes a noble metal, other than Ru, on a corrosion-resistant support material; the second catalyst composition contains a single-phase solid solution of a metal oxide containing Ru. The through-plane concentration of ionomer in the catalyst layer decreases as a function of distance from the membrane interface. Gas diffusion electrodes, catalyst-coated membranes, MEAs and fuel cells having the foregoing anode catalyst layer are also described.
摘要:
The present invention is related to methods of making membrane electrode assembly components. The methods include transferring a catalyst layer to a polymer electrolyte membrane or a gas diffusion layer. Methods of making membrane electrode assemblies with these components are also disclosed.
摘要:
A significant problem in PEM fuel cell durability is in premature failure of the ion-exchange membrane and in particular by the degradation of the ion-exchange membrane by reactive hydrogen peroxide species. Such degradation can be reduced or eliminated by the presence of an additive in the anode, cathode or ion-exchange membrane. The additive may be a radical scavenger, a membrane cross-linker, a hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst and/or a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer. The presence of the additive in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) may however result in reduced performance of the PEM fuel cell. Accordingly, it may be desirable to restrict the location of the additive to locations of increased susceptibility to membrane degradation such as the inlet and/or outlet regions of the MEA.
摘要:
A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) may include an electrochemically separating sublayer disposed between the proton exchange membrane and an anode substrate. The MEA may also include a poison-scrubbing catalyst disposed between the electrochemically separating sublayer and the anode substrate. An anode electrocatalyst disposed between the proton exchange membrane and the electrochemically separating sublayer and a cathode electrocatalyst disposed between the cathode substrate and the proton exchange membrane.
摘要:
In preparing a fluid diffusion electrode, typical methods include applying a catalyst ink to a fluid diffusion layer, drying the catalyst ink and hot-pressing the coated fluid diffusion layer to produce a fluid diffusion electrode. In the present application, unexpected improvements in the smoothness of the resulting electrode have been observed by drying the catalyst ink during compaction. To assist with drying the catalyst layer, the compacting step may be performed at elevated temperatures. In some embodiments, a release sheet may be applied to the catalyst layer prior to compaction. In addition or alternatively, partial drying of the catalyst layer may occur prior to compaction.
摘要:
Performance in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells can be improved by varying the characteristics of the ionomer used in the electrode of a membrane electrode assembly. For instance, increasing the ionomer to catalyst ratio can allow for improved performance under drier operating conditions (e.g., when less humidified reactants or higher operating temperatures are used) or when starting up in below freezing conditions.
摘要:
An anode catalyst layer for a fuel cell is presented having first and second catalyst compositions and a hydrophobic binder. The first catalyst composition includes a noble metal, other than Ru, on a corrosion-resistant support material; the second catalyst composition contains a single-phase solid solution of a metal oxide containing Ru. The through-plane concentration of ionomer in the catalyst layer decreases as a function of distance from the membrane interface. Gas diffusion electrodes, catalyst-coated membranes, MEAs and fuel cells having the foregoing anode catalyst layer are also described.
摘要:
An anode catalyst layer for a fuel cell is presented having first and second catalyst compositions and a hydrophobic binder. The first catalyst composition includes a noble metal, other than Ru, on a corrosion-resistant support material; the second catalyst composition contains a single-phase solid solution of a metal oxide containing Ru. The through-plane concentration of ionomer in the catalyst layer decreases as a function of distance from the membrane interface. Gas diffusion electrodes, catalyst-coated membranes, MEAs and fuel cells having the foregoing anode catalyst layer are also described.