公开(公告)号：US08387441B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-05

申请号：US12636276

申请日：2009-12-11

申请人： Steven R. Falta ,  Steven G. Goebel ,  Daniel C. Di Fiore ,  Ralf Senner

发明人： Steven R. Falta ,  Steven G. Goebel ,  Daniel C. Di Fiore ,  Ralf Senner

IPC分类号： G01M3/26

CPC分类号： G01M3/26 ,  G01F1/34 ,  G01F1/363 ,  G01F1/40 ,  G01F1/72 ,  H01M8/04388 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A method for determining the amount of fuel flow from a high pressure gas tank to the anode side of a fuel cell stack through pulsed injector. The anode sub-system pressure is measured just before the injector pulse and just after injector pulse and a difference between the pressures is determined. The difference between the pressures, the volume of the anode sub-system, the ideal gas constant, the anode sub-system temperature, the fuel consumed from the reaction in the fuel cell stack during the injection event and the fuel cross-over through membranes in the fuel cells of the fuel cell stack are used to determine the amount of hydrogen gas injected by the injector.

摘要翻译： 一种通过脉冲喷射器确定从高压气罐到燃料电池堆的阳极侧的燃料流量的方法。 在喷射器脉冲之前和刚好在喷射器脉冲之后测量阳极子系统压力，并确定压力之间的差。 在喷射事件期间，压力，阳极子系统的体积，理想气体常数，阳极子系统温度，燃料电池堆中的反应消耗的燃料和通过膜的燃料交叉之间的差异 在燃料电池堆的燃料电池中用于确定由喷射器喷射的氢气的量。

公开(公告)号：US08389168B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-05

申请号：US12635429

申请日：2009-12-10

申请人： Ralf Senner ,  Daniel C Di Fiore

发明人： Ralf Senner ,  Daniel C Di Fiore

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04388 ,  H01M8/04589 ,  H01M8/04753

摘要： A fuel cell system that employs an injector/ejector for providing fresh hydrogen and anode recirculation gas to the anode side of a fuel cell stack. The injector/ejector is operated with a variable frequency so that the injector open time at low stack current densities is long enough to allow a pressure drop to be provided in the anode flow channels to push out water that may have accumulated therein. In one embodiment, the injector/ejector control provides a minimum pulse width per cycle and a maximum frequency so that as the stack current density decreases below a certain value the frequency decreases from the maximum frequency to maintain the pulse width constant at the minimum pulse width.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池系统，其采用喷射器/喷射器来向燃料电池堆的阳极侧提供新的氢气和阳极再循环气体。 喷射器/喷射器以可变频率操作，使得在低堆电流密度下的喷射器打开时间足够长以允许在阳极流动通道中提供压降以推出可能积聚在其中的水。 在一个实施例中，喷射器/喷射器控制提供每个周期的最小脉冲宽度和最大频率，使得当堆叠电流密度降低到特定值以下时，频率从最大频率减小，以将脉冲宽度保持在最小脉冲宽度 。

公开(公告)号：US09660278B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-23

申请号：US12711144

申请日：2010-02-23

申请人： Patrick Frost ,  Daniel C. Di Fiore ,  Ralf Senner

发明人： Patrick Frost ,  Daniel C. Di Fiore ,  Ralf Senner

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04828 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/1018

CPC分类号： H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04843 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell system that determines the phase transition from water to gas through a bleed/drain valve in a water separation device. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack having an anode side and a cathode side. An injector injects hydrogen gas into the anode side of the fuel cell stack. The water separation device receives an anode exhaust gas from the anode side of the fuel cell stack, where the water separation device includes a water holding reservoir. A controller controls the injector and the bleed/drain valve and determines when the bleed/drain valve transitions from draining water to bleeding the anode exhaust gas by comparing the flow rate through the water separation device and the flow rate through the injector.

公开(公告)号：US20110143234A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-16

申请号：US12635429

申请日：2009-12-10

申请人： Ralf Senner ,  Daniel C. Di Fiore

发明人： Ralf Senner ,  Daniel C. Di Fiore

IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04388 ,  H01M8/04589 ,  H01M8/04753

摘要： A fuel cell system that employs an injector/ejector for providing fresh hydrogen and anode recirculation gas to the anode side of a fuel cell stack. The injector/ejector is operated with a variable frequency so that the injector open time at low stack current densities is long enough to allow a pressure drop to be provided in the anode flow channels to push out water that may have accumulated therein. In one embodiment, the injector/ejector control provides a minimum pulse width per cycle and a maximum frequency so that as the stack current density decreases below a certain value the frequency decreases from the maximum frequency to maintain the pulse width constant at the minimum pulse width.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池系统，其采用喷射器/喷射器来向燃料电池堆的阳极侧提供新的氢气和阳极再循环气体。 喷射器/喷射器以可变频率操作，使得在低堆电流密度下的喷射器打开时间足够长以允许在阳极流动通道中提供压降以推出可能积聚在其中的水。 在一个实施例中，喷射器/喷射器控制提供每个周期的最小脉冲宽度和最大频率，使得当堆叠电流密度降低到特定值以下时，频率从最大频率减小，以将脉冲宽度保持在最小脉冲宽度 。

公开(公告)号：US20070099037A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11266605

申请日：2005-11-03

申请人： Ralf Senner

发明人： Ralf Senner

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/04141 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/249

摘要： A fuel cell system including a humidification system is described. The humidification system employs a recycling system that recycles relatively humid gas exhausted from a multistage fuel cell stack, either on the anode and/or cathode side, and sends this relatively humid gas back to be combined with relatively dry supply gas, such as but not limited to hydrogen and/or air. The humidified supply gas mixture is then reintroduced into the first stage of the multistage fuel cell stack. A recirculation device, such as but not limited to a pump and/or an ejector, can be used to aid in moving the humid exhaust gas back through a recycle gas line to be combined with the supply gas.

摘要翻译： 描述了包括加湿系统的燃料电池系统。 加湿系统采用循环系统，其循环在阳极和/或阴极侧从多级燃料电池堆排出的相对湿润的气体，并将该相对较湿的气体返回以与相对干燥的供应气体组合，例如但不是 限于氢气和/或空气。 然后将加湿的供应气体混合物重新引入多级燃料电池堆的第一级。 可以使用诸如但不限于泵和/或喷射器的再循环装置来帮助将湿废气返回通过再循环气体管线以与供应气体组合。

公开(公告)号：US06740433B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US10054810

申请日：2002-01-22

申请人： Ralf Senner

发明人： Ralf Senner

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： G01N27/4045

摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring hydrogen and optionally a non-hydrogen gas including carbon monoxide. The method and apparatus includes a sensor assembly consisting of a plurality of electrochemical cells sequentially arranged in a path of the hydrogen-containing gas stream. Reaction and consumption of hydrogen at catalytically reactive surface areas of the cells generates a current which is proportional to the amount of hydrogen in the gas stream entering the sensor.

摘要翻译： 一种用于监测氢气和任选的包含一氧化碳的非氢气的方法和装置。 该方法和装置包括由多个电化学电池组成的传感器组件，所述多个电化学电池依次排列在含氢气流的路径中。 氢气在电池的催化反应性表面积处的反应和消耗产生与进入传感器的气流中的氢气量成比例的电流。

公开(公告)号：US06528191B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09416583

申请日：1999-10-12

申请人： Ralf Senner

发明人： Ralf Senner

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： G01N27/4045

摘要： An apparatus for monitoring hydrogen and optionally a non-hydrogen gas including carbon monoxide. The apparatus includes a sensor assembly consisting of a plurality of electrochemical cells sequentially arranged in a path of the hydrogen-containing gas stream. Reaction and consumption of hydrogen at catalytically reactive surface areas of the cells generates a current which is proportional to the amount of hydrogen in the gas stream entering the sensor.

摘要翻译： 一种用于监测氢气和任选地包括一氧化碳的非氢气的装置。 该装置包括由多个电化学电池组成的传感器组件，该多个电化学电池依次排列在含氢气流的路径中。 氢气在电池的催化反应性表面积处的反应和消耗产生与进入传感器的气流中的氢气量成比例的电流。

公开(公告)号：US08029939B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-04

申请号：US11626888

申请日：2007-01-25

申请人： Benno Andreas-Schott ,  Ralf Senner ,  Ian R. Jermy

发明人： Benno Andreas-Schott ,  Ralf Senner ,  Ian R. Jermy

IPC分类号： H01M8/24 ,  F16K15/00 ,  F16K15/03 ,  B05B1/30

CPC分类号： H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04201 ,  Y10T137/7837 ,  Y10T137/7898

摘要： An ejector for a fuel cell stack is disclosed, wherein the ejector includes an integrated check valve that supports hydrogen recirculation and militates against a backflow of hydrogen flowing through the ejector.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于燃料电池堆的喷射器，其中喷射器包括集成的止回阀，其支撑氢气再循环并阻止流过喷射器的氢气回流。

公开(公告)号：US07482076B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-27

申请号：US11149688

申请日：2005-06-10

申请人： Ralf Senner ,  Rittmar Von Helmolt

发明人： Ralf Senner ,  Rittmar Von Helmolt

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/02

CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04156

摘要： A method of fuel cell stack humidification is provided incorporating the use of an accumulation device. The method provides for feeding back humid anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack to the fuel cell inlet and switching the anode inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack for achieving better homogeneity of humidity along the fuel cell channels.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用蓄积装置的燃料电池堆加湿方法。 该方法提供将燃料电池堆的潮湿阳极废气反馈到燃料电池入口并切换燃料电池堆的阳极入口和出口，以实现沿着燃料电池通道的更好的湿度均匀性。

公开(公告)号：US20060240302A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-26

申请号：US11113574

申请日：2005-04-25

申请人： Ralf Senner ,  Michael Cartwright ,  John Wheat

发明人： Ralf Senner ,  Michael Cartwright ,  John Wheat

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/249 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M8/2484 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell system wherein a plurality of fuel cells are arranged in a series of stages, the number of fuel cells decreasing in number in each stage from anode gas inlet to the anode gas outlet. The system allows for parallel flow to all of the cells in a given stage and series flow between the various stages. A similar configuration is present on a cathode side of the system. However, the direction of flow is reversed, providing a greater number of cells in the stage nearest the cathode outlet and a fewer number of cells in the stage near the cathode gas inlet. The invention further provides for the various stages to be configured such that the direction of flow of the anode gas of a given stage is generally opposite the direction of flow of the cathode gas of a given stage.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池系统，其中多个燃料电池以一系列的阶段布置，每个阶段的燃料电池的数量从阳极气体入口到阳极气体出口减少。 该系统允许在给定阶段中的所有单元并行流到各个阶段之间的串联流。 类似的配置存在于系统的阴极侧。 然而，流动方向相反，在最靠近阴极出口的阶段中提供更多数量的电池，并且在靠近阴极气体入口的阶段提供更少数量的电池。 本发明还提供了要被配置为使得给定级的阳极气体的流动方向大致与给定级的阴极气体的流动方向相反的各个阶段。