Abstract:
A method for decreasing the amplitude and period of bubble pulses following a primary seismic energy pulse comprises deflecting all of the expanding gases into the same direction to form the bubble into an elongated shape, and two deflector mechanisms for carrying out this method. A second method comprises generating an expanding air bubble around a body and preventing the air bubble from contracting into the body for attenuating the sudden contraction and collapse of the air bubble, and two valve devices on a closed cylinder for carrying out the latter method resulting in decreased amplitude and period of bubble oscillation for providing a clear, well-defined acoustical wave.