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1.发明授权Apparatus for synthesizing and densifying materials using a shape memory alloy 失效使用形状记忆合金合成和致密化材料的装置
公开(公告)号：US4732556A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-22
申请号：US937796
申请日：1986-12-04
CPC分类号： B30B11/001 , B01J3/06 , B22F3/1216 , B22F3/15 , C01B31/305 , C01B33/06 , C22C1/058 , B22F2999/00
摘要： An apparatus using a shape memory alloy such as nickel-titanium as a reaction vessel for self-sustaining combustion (SSC) reaction synthesis of ceramics, intermetallics, metal or ceramic matrix composites and the like and as a die material for pseudo-isostatic hot pressing by providing a uniaxial mechanical press to density the reaction products with or without the use of pressure transmitting powder. The process can also be used to perform thermal mechanical work on any article synthesized by the self-sustaining combustion reaction to obtain near net shape. With controlled thermal mechanical processing and fabrication of the shape memory alloy into a die configuration, its shape can be changed from a low temperature configuration to a high temperature configuration after being heated. The shape transformation temperature for nickel-titanium alloy in particular, ranges from about -200 degrees Centigrade to +100 degrees Centigrade depending primarily upon alloy composition. For a hollowed cylindrical die made from nickel-titanium alloy which possesses shape memory effect, the inner diameter of the die can change as much as 8% and exert tens of thousands of pounds per square inch pressure in the radial direction. As a result, densified near net shape parts synthesized by SSC, can be produced and pressed pseudo-isostatically without using an expensive and sophisticated press apparatus of the prior art.
摘要翻译： 使用诸如镍钛的形状记忆合金作为用于陶瓷，金属间化合物，金属或陶瓷基复合材料等的自持燃烧（SSC）反应合成的反应容器和用于假等静压热压的模具材料的装置 通过提供单轴机械压力机来在使用或不使用压力传递粉末的情况下密集反应产物。 该方法也可用于对通过自持燃烧反应合成的任何物品进行热机械加工以获得近净形状。 通过受控的热机械加工和形状记忆合金的制造成为模具结构，其形状可以在加热之后从低温结构变为高温结构。 镍 - 钛合金的形状转变温度，特别是在-200摄氏度到+100摄氏度之间，主要取决于合金组成。 对于具有形状记忆效应的由镍钛合金制成的中空圆柱形模具，模具的内径可以变化多达8％，并且在径向方向上施加数万磅/平方英寸的压力。 结果，可以制造并压制由SSC合成的致密的近净形状部件，而不需要使用现有技术的昂贵且复杂的压制装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4797085A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-10
申请号：US33664
申请日：1987-04-03
CPC分类号： B22F3/15 , B30B11/001
摘要： An apparatus using a shape memory alloy such as nickel-titanium as a die material in one embodiment is used for performing pseudo-isostatic pressing by using a uniaxial mechanical press to densify a powder mixture, preform or presinter with or without the use of pressure transmitting powder. The apparatus can also be used to perform thermal mechanical work on any article to obtain near net shape. With controlled thermal mechanical processing and fabrication of the shape memory alloy into a die configuration, its shape can be changed from a low temperature configuration to a high temperature configuration after being heated. As a result, near net shape parts can be cold or hot pressed pseudo-isostatically without using an expensive and sophisticated press apparatus of the prior art. In a second embodiment, the shape memory alloy is employed as the expansion tooling for near net shape forming of composite materials. This embodiment utilizes a thin wall and a thick wall tube which are made of a shape memory alloy to perform near net shape compression molding of fiber reinforced composites into closed form structure.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，使用诸如镍钛之类的形状记忆合金作为模具材料的装置用于通过使用单轴机械压力机来进行假等静压，以使粉末混合物，预成型件或预先打浆机具有或不使用压力传递 粉末。 该设备还可用于对任何物品进行热机械加工以获得近净形状。 通过受控的热机械加工和形状记忆合金的制造成为模具构造，其形状可以在被处理之后从低温构型改变为高温构造。 结果，近净形状部件可以是冷或热压伪等静压，而不使用现有技术的昂贵且复杂的压制装置。 在第二实施例中，形状记忆合金被用作用于复合材料的近净形状的膨胀工具。 该实施例利用由形状记忆合金制成的薄壁和厚壁管，以执行纤维增强复合材料的近净形压缩成型为封闭形式的结构。
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公开(公告)号：US4738610A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-19
申请号：US938204
申请日：1986-12-04
CPC分类号： B22F3/15 , B30B11/001
摘要： An apparatus using a shape memory alloy such as nickel-titanium as a die material for performing pseudo-isostatic pressing by using a uniaxial mechanical press to densify a powder mixture, preform or presinter with or without the use of pressure transmitting powder. The process can also be used to perform thermal mechanical work on any article to obtain near net shape. With controlled thermal mechanical processing and fabrication of the shape memory alloy into a die configuration, its shape can be changed from a low temperature configuration to a high temperature configuration after being heated. The shape transformation temperature for nickel-titanium alloy in particular, ranges from about -200 degrees Centigrade to +100 degrees Centigrade depending primarily upon alloy composition. For a hollowed cylindrical die made from nickel-titanium alloy which possesses shape memory effect, the inner diameter of the die can change as much as 8% and exert tens of thousands of pounds per square inch pressure in the radial direction. As a result, near net shape parts can be cold or hot pressed pseudo-isostatically without using an expensive and sophisticated press apparatus of the prior art.
摘要翻译： 使用诸如镍钛的形状记忆合金作为模具材料的装置，用于通过使用单轴机械压力机来进行假等静压，以使粉末混合物，预制件或预先夹持或不使用压力传递粉末进行致密化。 该过程也可用于对任何物品进行热机械加工以获得近净形状。 通过受控的热机械加工和形状记忆合金的制造成为模具结构，其形状可以在加热之后从低温结构变为高温结构。 镍 - 钛合金的形状转变温度，特别是在-200摄氏度到+100摄氏度之间，主要取决于合金组成。 对于具有形状记忆效应的由镍钛合金制成的中空圆柱形模具，模具的内径可以变化多达8％，并且在径向方向上施加数万磅/平方英寸的压力。 结果，近净形状部件可以是冷或热压伪等静压，而不使用现有技术的昂贵且复杂的压制装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4776281A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-11
申请号：US21280
申请日：1987-03-03
摘要： A push rod for use in launching tubular projectiles employs a pyrophoric sintered mesh cloth machined to mate with the aft end of the tubular projectile within the gun barrel. The mesh cloth is configured to be entirely consumed during the initial portion of the external ballistic cycle and to push the projectile during the internal ballistic cycle. A preselected thickness of cellulose impregnated paper sheet, adhesively bonded to the aft end of the mesh cloth, delays combustion of the push rod until after the projectile and push rod have left the gun barrel.
摘要翻译： 用于发射管状弹丸的推杆采用机械加工的自燃烧结网布，以与枪管内的管状射弹的后端相配合。 网布被配置为在外部弹道循环的初始部分完全消耗，并在内部弹道循环期间推动抛射体。 纤维素浸渍纸片的预选厚度粘合到网布的后端延迟推杆的燃烧直到喷射器和推杆已经离开枪管。
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5.发明授权High burning rate propellants with coprecipitated salts of decahydrodecaboric acid 失效具有十氢十六酸的共沉淀盐的高燃烧速率推进剂
公开(公告)号：US4138282A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-06
申请号：US707810
申请日：1976-07-22
摘要： A class of high burning propellants, useful as gun or rocket propellants, gas generators or specialized application where a very high burning rate is required, characterized by replacing the normally found oxidizer used in various propellants with certain coprecipitated salts of decahydrodecaboric acid and certain oxidizing agents. The resultant propellants employ such a coprecipitate as the major faction of the solids loading, and optionally may further include certain simple decahydrodecaborate salts for further enhancement of the burning rates in the thusly formulated and composed propellants.
摘要翻译： 一类用作枪或火箭推进剂的高燃烧推进剂，气体发生器或需要非常高燃烧速率的特殊应用，其特征在于用某些十氢十六烷酸和某些氧化剂的一些共沉淀的盐代替各种推进剂中常用的氧化剂 。 所得到的推进剂使用这种共沉淀物作为固体负载的主要部分，并且任选地可以进一步包括某些简单的十氢十硼酸盐，以进一步提高如此配制和组合的推进剂中的燃烧速率。
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公开(公告)号：US4080902A
公开(公告)日：1978-03-28
申请号：US738763
申请日：1976-11-04
摘要： An ignition device in the form of a linear member which has an internal linear propagation characteristic of a detonation, but a radial heat and gas evolution characteristic of a very fast deflagrating pyrotechnic material not accompanied by a shock or detonation wave. The device uses a central core containing an encapsulated explosive with a surrounding layer, or discrete layers, of a metal-clad pyrotechnic material that is significantly characterized by a class of compounds that are specific simple decahydrodecaborate salts containing the common anion B.sub.10 H.sub.10.sup.-2. The outer cladding materials themselves do not functionally ensure a radial deflagration; rather the specific pyrotechnic materials employed ensure a radial deflagration. There are taught specific relationships for components, and a necessary radial compaction.
摘要翻译： 具有线性构件形式的点火装置，其具有爆炸的内部线性传播特性，但是不伴随冲击或爆震波的非常快速的爆燃烟火材料的径向放热特性。 该装置使用包含具有包覆的炸药的中心核心，其具有覆盖金属的烟火材料的周围层或离散层，其明显特征在于一类化合物，其是含有常见阴离子B10H10-2的特定简单十氢硼酸盐。 外包层材料本身不能在功能上确保径向爆燃; 而是采用特定的烟火材料来确保径向爆燃。 教导了组件的特定关系，以及必要的径向压实。
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公开(公告)号：US4094712A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-13
申请号：US795473
申请日：1977-05-10
摘要： This invention teaches a method and the resultant product of preparing consolidated propellant charges that incorporate an integral ignition compound, specifically certain simple salts of decahydrodecaboric acid and coprecipitates of these salts with an oxidizer. The charges so prepared exhibit substantially improved ignition and breakup compared to untreated charges, especially at low temperature, because each of the individual consolidated grains are surrounded by the salts taught herein.
摘要翻译： 本发明教导了一种方法和所得到的产品，其制备结合了整体点火化合物的固体推进剂装料，特别是十氢代碳酸的某些简单盐和这些盐与氧化剂的共沉淀物。 这样制备的电荷与未处理的电荷相比显着改善了点火和分解，特别是在低温下，因为每个单独的固结颗粒被本文教导的盐包围。
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公开(公告)号：US5375528A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US19371
申请日：1993-02-18
IPC分类号： F42B3/00
CPC分类号： F42B3/00
摘要： A light weight explosive mass for a spherical charge of high explosives used to simulate nuclear bursts at ground or above ground level or underwater wherein the sphericity of the loaded explosive mass must be maintained within tight tolerance, exemplary of which are particulate ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) explosive and liquid nitromethane explosive, contained in a flexible fabric shell that becomes spheroidal by reason of being filled with the explosive, is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 用于模拟地面或地面以上或水下的核爆炸的高爆炸物的轻质爆炸物质，其中装载的爆炸物质的球形度必须保持在严格的公差范围内，其示例是颗粒状硝酸铵/燃料油 （ANFO）爆炸性和液体硝基甲烷爆炸物，包含在由于充满炸药而变成球形的柔性织物外壳中。
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公开(公告)号：US4089716A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US795477
申请日：1977-05-10
CPC分类号： C06B45/28 , C06B21/0083 , C06B47/10
摘要： This invention teaches preparation of individual and uncoated propellant grains by incorporating a coating or integral layer of ignition compound, specifically simple salts of decahydrodecaboric acid and coprecipitates of these salts with an oxidizer. The resulting propellant grains so prepared exhibit substantially improved ignition capability, virtually independent of ambient conditioning temperature conditions at the time of use.
摘要翻译： 本发明教导了通过加入点燃化合物的涂层或整体层，特别是十氢代碳酸的简单盐和这些盐与氧化剂的共沉淀物来制备单个和未涂覆的推进剂颗粒。 如此制备的所得推进剂颗粒显示出显着改善的点火能力，实际上与使用时的环境调节温度条件无关。
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10.发明授权Process for production of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by nitrosation of dimethylamine and hydrogenation of the nitroso dimethylamine to the distillation of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine 失效通过二甲基胺的脱硝生产不对称二甲基乙酰胺的方法和硝基二甲基胺的氢化对不对称二甲基乙酰胺的蒸馏的方法
公开(公告)号：US4038321A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-26
申请号：US648226
申请日：1976-01-12
IPC分类号： C07C109/02 , C07C111/00
CPC分类号： C07C241/02 , C07C209/76
摘要： A process for production of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine from nitroso dimethylamine that is characterized as a completely closed system with respect to positive prevention of environmental contamination by waste nitrosodimethylamine. This process further provides a novel extraction step which also produces, as a solid by-product, potassium nitrate without nitrosodimethylamine contamination.
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