公开(公告)号：US3916239A

公开(公告)日：1975-10-28

申请号：US37648773

申请日：1973-07-05

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES

Inventor： FRIEDLANDER FRED IRWIN

IPC: G21K1/08 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J27/02 ,  H01J29/00

CPC classification number: G21K1/08 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J27/02

Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for launching a high energy beam of charged particles along an axis into a substantially long path region from an exit aperture, in a manner such that the beam remains confined without application of external focusing fields in the region. The apparatus comprises a cathode, which is a source of electrons to compose the beam, and electrode means for producing an axial accelerating electric field to accelerate electrons in the beam to a relativistic velocity in an accelerating space. At relativistic velocity, the beam itself produces a solenoid-shaped magnetic field which undesirably tends to converge the beam when ionized gas molecules neutralize the space charge in the beam. An external magnet means for producing an axial magnetic field in the accelerating space and a radial magnetic field at the exit aperture, imparts a cyclotron angular momentum to the electrons. The cyclotron angular momentum provides a force to the electrons to substantially cancel the force of the self-magnetic field. Once the beam leaves the accelerating and cyclotron motion inducing space, it remains confined to a desired range of cross section. Such beams may be used for heating plasmas, or in high power microwave oscillators and amplifiers.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种装置和方法，用于沿轴线将带电粒子的高能量束从出射孔发射到基本上长的路径区域中，使得光束保持局限，而不在该区域内施加外部聚焦场。 该装置包括作为构成光束的电子源的阴极以及用于产生轴向加速电场的电极装置，以将加速电子中的电子加速到加速空间中的相对速度。 在相对速度下，光束本身产生螺线管形磁场，当电离气体分子中和束中的空间电荷时，该磁场不合需要倾向于会聚束。 用于产生加速空间中的轴向磁场和出口孔径的径向磁场的外部磁铁装置向电子赋予回旋加速器角动量。 回旋加速器角动量为电子提供了一个力，从而基本上消除了自磁场的力。 一旦光束离开加速和回旋加速器运动诱导空间，它将保持局限于期望的横截面范围。 这种光束可用于加热等离子体，或用于高功率微波振荡器和放大器。