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公开(公告)号：US4618480A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-21
申请号：US641020
申请日：1984-08-15
申请人： Wayne W. Hazen , David L. Thompson , James E. Reynolds , Nicholas J. Lombardo , Paul B. Queneau , John P. Hager
发明人： Wayne W. Hazen , David L. Thompson , James E. Reynolds , Nicholas J. Lombardo , Paul B. Queneau , John P. Hager
CPC分类号： C01F7/0686 , C01D5/008 , C01F7/47
摘要： A novel process for the recovery of alumina and potassium sulfate from alunite is provided comprising leaching the alunite with potassium hydroxide to which no sodium materials have been added, said leach solution being saturated with potassium sulfate. Aluminum values are solubilized into the leachate, and potassium and sulfur values are rendered soluble, but remain in the residue. The leachate is desilicated if necessary, preferably with lime, and aluminum trihydroxide is precipitated therefrom, followed by calcining to alumina product. The residue is leached to solubilize potassium sulfate in a secondary leach and the potassium sulfate product crystallized therefrom. Potassium hydroxide is regenerated from a portion of the potassium sulfate secondary leachate by several methods.Novel procedures for regenerating alkali metal hydroxides from the corresponding sulfates are also provided including routes involving formates and carbonates as intermediates and pyrohydrolysis.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种从铝酸钠中回收氧化铝和硫酸钾的新方法，包括用不含钠物质的氢氧化钾浸出铝酸钠，所述浸出溶液用硫酸钾饱和。 铝的值被溶解到浸出液中，钾和硫的值变得可溶，但残留在残留物中。 必要时，优选用石灰将渗滤液脱气，并从其中沉淀出氢氧化铝，然后煅烧成氧化铝产品。 将残余物浸出以在二次浸出中溶解硫酸钾，并从其中结晶出硫酸钾产物。 通过几种方法从一部分硫酸钾二次浸出液中再生氢氧化钾。 还提供了从相应的硫酸盐再生碱金属氢氧化物的新方法，包括涉及甲酸盐和碳酸盐作为中间体和热解水解的途径。
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公开(公告)号：US5078786A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US438502
申请日：1989-05-26
IPC分类号： C22B7/00
CPC分类号： C22B7/007 , Y02P10/234 , Y10S75/961
摘要： This invention concerns a process for recovering metal values from jarosite-containing materials by leaching with a calcium chloride solution at a temperature above about the atmospheric boiling point of the solution and under at least the autogenous pressure.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US86 / 02476 Sec。 371日期1989年5月26日第 102（e）日期1989年5月26日PCT提交1986年11月26日PCT公布。 第WO88 / 03911号公报 日本6月2日，1988年。本发明涉及通过在高于溶液的大气压沸点的温度下用氯化钙溶液浸出并至少在自生压力下从含黄钾铁矾的材料中回收金属值的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4423012A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US336502
申请日：1981-12-31
CPC分类号： C01G45/003 , C01G9/003 , C22B3/0068 , C25C1/10 , C25C1/16 , Y02P10/234
摘要： Improvement in electrowinning manganese dioxide, or zinc in which the relative concentration of manganese or zinc ions to impurities is enhanced by selectively extracting manganese or zinc ions from a bleed taken from the electrowinning feed stream with an organic extractant, while rejecting impurities, stripping the loaded organics with spent electrolyte, and recycling loaded strip to the electrowinning feed. Stripped organic may be regenerated with an alkaline agent such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide prior to recycle, and pH may be controlled during extraction by the same means.
摘要翻译： 通过从有机萃取剂中从电解提取进料流中取出的流出中选择性提取锰或锌离子，同时排除杂质，提取电解冶金二氧化锰或其中锰或锌离子与杂质的相对浓度的锌， 有机物与废电解质，并回收加载的条带到电解提取饲料。 剥离的有机物可以在再循环之前用碱性试剂如氧化钙或氧化镁再生，并且可以通过相同的方式在提取期间控制pH。
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公开(公告)号：US06979429B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-27
申请号：US10288240
申请日：2002-11-05
IPC分类号： C01G35/00 , C01F7/50 , C01F11/02 , C01F11/46 , C22B3/04 , C22B3/06 , C22B25/00 , C22B34/24 , C22B60/02 , C01G33/00
CPC分类号： C22B60/0291 , C22B34/24 , C22B60/0226 , C22B60/026 , Y02P10/234
摘要： The processes of the present invention include mineral acid leaching of a metal containing material, such as an ore residue, containing fluoridated metal values in the presence of a complexing agent which will complex fluoride ions. The processes of the present invention provide for the separation of valuable metal, fluoride and radionuclide values from a feed material of high mineral content wherein the metals and radionuclides are present as substantially water insoluble fluorides or are trapped within a metal fluorine matrix which is substantially insoluble in typical chemical reactant systems.
摘要翻译： 本发明的方法包括在络合剂存在下含有氟化金属的金属的含金属材料，例如含有氟化金属的矿物质的无机酸浸出，所述配位剂将复合氟离子。 本发明的方法提供了从高矿物质含量的原料中分离有价金属，氟化物和放射性核素的值，其中金属和放射性核素作为基本上不溶于水的氟化物存在，或者被捕获在基本上不溶的金属氟基质中 在典型的化学反应体系中。
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公开(公告)号：US4743271A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US606847
申请日：1984-05-02
申请人： James K. Kindig , James E. Reynolds
发明人： James K. Kindig , James E. Reynolds
CPC分类号： C10L9/02
摘要： This invention discloses processes for the treatment of coal and coal derivatives in order to remove contaminates to produce a high purity coal product. The processes generally comprise a sequential acid leaching in which a hydrofluoric acid leach is followed by a hydrochloric acid leach. The pyrite and other heavy metals from the coal are removed by physical separation, either gravity or magnetic separation. The leached coal is then treated either by a washing and drying step or by a heat treatment to remove volatile halides. The HF acid and the HCl acid leachates are recovered for regeneration of the respective leachates and are recycled for use in the leaching steps. In additional processing, the coal may be pre-treated by a mild HCl acid leach and by pre-drying or physical beneficiation of the coal feedstock.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了用于处理煤和煤衍生物的方法，以便去除污染物以产生高纯度煤制品。 该方法通常包括顺序酸浸，其中氢氟酸浸出之后是盐酸浸出。 来自煤的黄铁矿和其他重金属通过物理分离（重力或磁分离）被去除。 然后通过洗涤和干燥步骤或通过热处理来处理浸出的煤以除去挥发性卤化物。 回收HF酸和HCl酸浸出液用于再生各浸出液，并循环使用于浸出步骤。 在另外的处理中，煤可以通过温和的HCl酸浸法和煤原料的预干燥或物理选矿进行预处理。
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公开(公告)号：US4556422A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-03
申请号：US255649
申请日：1981-04-20
摘要： A process for selectively leaching lead and silver chlorides from a sulfide ore residue in a rapid time which comprises brine leaching the residue under pressure at a temperature above the normal boiling point of the solution, preferably above 100.degree. C.Modifications are leaching at the agglomeration temperature of sulfur when present in the residue to agglomerate the sulfur for ease of recovery, and flashing from leach temperature to ambient as a lead chloride crystallization recovery step to produce a large crop of lead chloride crystals per pass.
摘要翻译： 一种在快速时间内从硫化矿渣中选择性浸出铅和氯化银的方法，其中包括在高于溶液正常沸点的温度下，优选高于100℃的压力下将残余物浸出残留物。修饰物在附聚物中浸出 存在于残余物中的硫的温度以硫化以使其易于回收，并且作为氯化铅结晶回收步骤从浸出温度闪蒸至环境，以便每次通过产生大量的氯化铅晶体。
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7.发明授权Oxidation/reduction process for recovery of precious metals from MnO.sub.2 ores, sulfidic ores and carbonaceous materials 失效用于从MnO2矿石，硫化矿石和碳质材料中回收贵金属的氧化/还原过程
公开(公告)号：US5232490A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-03
申请号：US845858
申请日：1992-03-03
CPC分类号： C22B3/10 , C22B11/04 , C22B3/08 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A process for separating precious metals from an MnO.sub.2, sulfidic or carbonaceous refractory ore or refractory feed such as tailings is provided. The process includes the step of leaching a feed with a leach liquor that includes an acid selected from the group of HCl and H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 in the presence of MnO.sub.2 and a reductant. A source of chloride ion is added to the leach sufficient to dissolve at least about 50% of the precious metals present in the ore. A portion of the leach is removed and precious metals are recovered from the removed portion. A portion of the chloride carrier is recycled to the leach to carry chloride values to the leach. In one embodiment, HCl is regenerated by pyrohydrolysis, which minimizes harmful waste products. The present process can advantageously avoid the use of noxious reagents.
摘要翻译： 提供了从MnO 2，硫化物或碳质耐火矿石或耐火原料如尾矿中分离贵金属的方法。 该方法包括在MnO 2和还原剂存在下用含有选自HCl和H 2 SO 4的酸的浸提液浸提进料的步骤。 将氯离子源加入到浸出物中，足以溶解存在于矿石中的至少约50％的贵金属。 去除一部分浸出物，并从去除的部分回收贵金属。 氯化物载体的一部分被再循环到浸出物中以将氯值输送到浸出物中。 在一个实施方案中，HCl通过热水解再生，这使有害废物最小化。 本方法可有利地避免使用有毒试剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4695290A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US748236
申请日：1985-06-24
申请人： James K. Kindig , James E. Reynolds
发明人： James K. Kindig , James E. Reynolds
CPC分类号： C10L9/02
摘要： The present invention provides processes for the continuous removal of contaminants from coal to produce a clean purified fuel. The processes generally comprise producing a clean coal product having a mineral matter content of less than about 5 percent by weight from coal and coal derivatives by leaching feed coal crushed or sized to less than about 1 inch with a mixture of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids comprising less than about 70 weight percent HF and less than about 38 weight percent HCl at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature below the boiling point of the acid mixture. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for producing a coal product with 5 percent ash content or less comprising comminuting raw coal or other coal-derived feed material to a size less than about 10 mm; leaching the comminuted coal with a mixture of HF and HCl comprising less than about 70 percent by weight HF and less than 38 percent by weight HCl at atmospheric pressure and a temperature below boiling, preferably ambient; separating the leached residue from the spent acid; washing the leached residue substantially free of spent acids and dissolved solids; separating pyrite from the coal by physical means; reducing halogens on the coal to an acceptable level by thermal treatment; and regenerating the mixture of HF and HCl by dual pyrohydrolysis and sulfation of the spent acids to recover substantially all of the fluorine value except for that reporting to waste as MgF.sub.2, either as HF or as volatile fluorides which are recycled. Another embodiment of the invention provides processes for producing HF, HCl, and mixtures thereof from complex aqueous streams containing at least two metal halide salts one of which will pyrohydrolyze in the presence of water vapor to form hydrogen halide and the metal oxide and one of which will not, but will in the presence of water vapor, SO.sub.2 and oxygen form hydrogen halide and metal sulfate.
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公开(公告)号：US4244734A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-13
申请号：US58868
申请日：1979-07-19
CPC分类号： C22B7/02 , C22B3/08 , C22B3/44 , C22B30/04 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P10/236
摘要： An improvement in hydrometallurgical recovery of metals, i.e. copper, zinc, cadmium, germanium, indium, lead, silver, gold, antimony and bismuth from materials such as flue dust containing arsenic in which the metals are selectively separated in successive process steps for final recovery, the improvement comprising precipitating arsenic as an insoluble ferric-arsenic compound in the first processing step, carrying the insoluble arsenic compound through subsequent processing steps in which it is insoluble until the other metals have been recovered leaving the ferric-arsenic compound as the final residue which can be disposed of without violating pollution requirements or converted to soluble sodium arsenate and recovered from solution by crystallization.
摘要翻译： 金属的腐蚀性冶金回收的改进，例如铜，锌，镉，锗，铟，铅，银，金，锑和铋从诸如含砷的烟道灰中，其中金属在连续的工艺步骤中选择性分离以最终回收 改进包括在第一处理步骤中将砷作为不溶性三价砷化合物沉淀，通过后续处理步骤携带不溶性砷化合物，其中它是不溶的，直到其它金属被回收，留下三价砷化合物为最终残留物 可以在不违反污染要求或转化成可溶性砷酸钠的情况下处理，并通过结晶从溶液中回收。
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公开(公告)号：US4428912A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-31
申请号：US287219
申请日：1981-07-27
IPC分类号： C01G23/02 , B01D49/00 , B01D53/68 , C01B7/01 , C01B33/08 , C01B33/107 , C01F7/56 , C01F7/60 , C01F11/46 , C01G49/10 , C22B7/02 , C22B21/00 , C22B26/00 , C01F7/22
CPC分类号： B01D49/00 , B01D53/68 , C01B33/10721 , C01B7/01 , C01F11/46 , C01F7/56 , C01F7/60 , C01G23/022 , C01G49/10 , C22B21/0046 , C22B26/00 , C22B7/02 , Y02P10/234
摘要： Alkali and alkaline earth metal chlorides contained in a residue of a chlorination process of a feed material of bauxite or clay associated with coal are removed by the addition of sulfuric acid which causes their conversion to their sulfate form, and the simultaneous production of hydrochloric acid. The residue, which has been rendered environmentally acceptable, can be disposed of readily, for example, to an ash pond or disposal area for flue gas desulfurization sludges. The hydrochloric acid is then recycled to the chlorination process. The hydrochloric acid may be utilized, for example, as a binder of the feed material, to prechloridize the feed material or as a portion of the leach solution when the chlorination process is a hydrochloric acid leach.
摘要翻译： 通过添加硫酸形成的硫酸盐转化为硫酸盐形式，同时生产盐酸，除去了与铝相关的铝土矿或粘土的原料氯化过程残渣中的碱土金属和碱土金属氯化物。 已被赋予环境可接受性的残渣可以容易地例如排放到用于烟道气脱硫污泥的灰池或废物处理区域。 然后将盐酸再循环至氯化过程。 当盐酸过程是盐酸浸出时，盐酸可以用作例如进料的粘合剂，以预氯化原料或作为浸出溶液的一部分。
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