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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4986974A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-22
申请号：US400272
申请日：1989-08-29
IPC分类号： C07C17/38 , C01B7/07 , C07C17/00 , C07C19/01 , C07C19/04 , C07C19/041 , C07C19/08 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C01B7/0731 , Y10S210/908 , Y10S210/909
摘要： A process is disclosed for the separation of halogenated hydrocarbons from concentrated hydrochloric acid, which contains 10 to 37% by weight of hydrogen chloride. The hydrochloric acid is freed from the halogenated hydrocarbons in an extraction with paraffins having more than 7 carbon atoms, or with paraffin waxes having dropping points from 70.degree. to 160.degree. C. or with paraffin/paraffin wax mixtures, preferably in a continuous counterflow extraction or cross-flow extraction.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于从含有10至37重量％氯化氢的浓盐酸中分离卤代烃的方法。 在具有多于7个碳原子的链烷烃的提取物中，或者使用滴点为70至160℃的石蜡或石蜡/石蜡混合物，优选在连续逆流萃取中，将盐酸从卤代烃中脱除 或交叉流提取。
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公开(公告)号：US4196180A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-01
申请号：US881516
申请日：1978-02-27
CPC分类号： C01B25/461 , C01B25/462
摘要： Contaminated phosphoric acid, particularly wet-processed phosphoric acid, is purified by extracting it from its aqueous solution by means of an organic solvent, which is immiscible or partially miscible with water and in which phosphoric acid is soluble, separating the phosphoric acid being dissolved in the organic solvent from extraction residue, and recovering the phosphoric acid from the organic solution.The aqueous phosphoric acid is more particularly mixed in a reaction zone, in a ratio by volume within the range 1:0.3 to 1:30, with a solvent having a boiling point higher than that of water or higher than that of the resulting water solvent-azeotrope, the phosphoric acid/solvent-mixture is heated to temperatures between the boiling point of water or of the said azeotrope and that of the solvent until distillation of substantially all uncombined water originally present in the mixture, and residue and resulting anhydrous phosphoric acid solution in the organic solvent are separated.
摘要翻译： 污染的磷酸，特别是湿法处理的磷酸，通过与水不混溶或部分混溶并且其中可溶于磷酸的有机溶剂从其水溶液中提取而被纯化，将溶解的磷酸分离 来自萃取残余物的有机溶剂，并从有机溶液中回收磷酸。 磷酸水溶液在反应区域中以体积比在1:0.3至1:30的范围内更特别地混合，其中溶剂的沸点高于水或高于所得水溶剂的沸点 将该磷酸/溶剂混合物加热至沸点或沸点与所述共沸物和溶剂的沸点直到蒸馏出基本上所有未混合的水，最初存在于混合物中，残余物和得到的无水磷酸 分离有机溶剂中的溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US3996336A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-07
申请号：US592188
申请日：1975-07-01
IPC分类号： C01B25/234 , C01B25/18 , C01B25/46 , C01B25/16
CPC分类号： C01B25/18 , C01B25/464
摘要： Phosphoric acid is purified. To this end, it is dissolved in an organic solvent completely miscible with water. More particularly, the phosphoric acid is mixed with a solvent having a boiling point higher than that of water or higher than that of the resulting azeotrope; the resulting solution is heated to temperatures between the boiling point of water or the azeotrope and that of the solvent for as long a period as necessary to distillatively free the solution from the bulk of uncombined water therein; and the phosphoric acid solution is separated from residue.
摘要翻译： 纯化磷酸。 为此，将其溶解在与水完全混溶的有机溶剂中。 更具体地说，将磷酸与沸点高于水或高于所得共沸物的溶剂混合; 将所得溶液加热到水或共沸物的沸点与溶剂沸点之间的温度长达一段时间，以将溶液从其中的大部分未混合水蒸馏出来; 并将磷酸溶液与残留物分离。
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公开(公告)号：US4346066A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-24
申请号：US164365
申请日：1980-06-30
IPC分类号： C01B25/234 , C01B25/46 , C01B25/16
CPC分类号： C01B25/462 , C01B25/461
摘要： The invention relates to the decontamination of wet-processed phosphoric acid with the use of organic solvents in a plurality of extraction zones, of which each is comprised of a mixing zone and a separating zone, the solvent being immiscible or partially miscible with water. Resulting organic phase and the aqueous phase are contacted countercurrently with respect to one another, the organic solvent phase being dispersed in the aqueous phase. To this end, the invention provides for the aqueous phase to be admitted to the mixing zone at the onset of the extraction, and for organic phase and aqueous phase to be continuously admitted in a volume ratio of at least 2.5:1 to the respective extracting zones in an overall quantity sufficient to provide, in the mixing zones of the extraction zones, a volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase of at most 1:1, which is maintained therein.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在多个提取区中使用有机溶剂对湿法磷酸进行去污，其中每一个由混合区和分离区构成，溶剂与水不混溶或部分混溶。 所得的有机相和水相相对于彼此逆流接触，有机溶剂相分散在水相中。 为此，本发明提供了在提取开始时允许进入混合区的水相，并且使有机相和水相以相对于萃取物的至少2.5:1的体积比连续进入 总量足以在萃取区的混合区中提供最多保持在其中的有机相与水相的体积比至多为1：1的区域。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3956462A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US451911
申请日：1974-03-18
申请人： Gero Heymer , Wolfgang Scheibitz , Hasso Spott
发明人： Gero Heymer , Wolfgang Scheibitz , Hasso Spott
摘要： Waste material consisting substantially of contaminated phosphorous acid is utilized. To this end, the phosphorous acid is introduced, with agitation into a liquid phase. Liquid phase and phosphorous acid are maintained in a ratio by volume between 1:1 and 10:1. The liquid phase is placed in a reactor, maintained between 250.degree. and 400.degree.C and selected from a phosphoric acid of the general formula H.sub.n.sub.+2 P.sub.n O.sub.3n.sub.+1, in which n substantially stands for a number between 1 and 5. Resulting hydrogen phosphide is removed. In the event of continuous operation, newly formed liquid phase is removed from the reactor, at the same rate as it is being formed.
摘要翻译： 使用基本上由污染的亚磷酸组成的废料。 为此，在搅拌下将亚磷酸引入液相中。 液相和亚磷酸的体积比保持在1:1至10:1之间。 将液相置于保持在250℃至400℃的反应器中，并选自通式为Hn + 2PnO3n + 1的磷酸，其中n基本上代表1至5之间的数字。产生的磷化氢为 删除。 在连续操作的情况下，新形成的液相以与形成的相同的速率从反应器中除去。
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公开(公告)号：US4222994A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-16
申请号：US859681
申请日：1977-12-12
IPC分类号： C01B25/234 , C01B25/46 , C01B25/16
CPC分类号： C01B25/462 , C01B25/234 , C01B25/461
摘要： Wet-processed phosphoric acid is purified by counter-current extraction with the use of an organic solvent, in which water is partially soluble and which is capable of absorbing phosphoric acid, the organic phosphoric acid extract is separated from residual wet-processed phosphoric acid, unabsorbed by the solvent, and phosphoric acid is recovered from the separated organic phosphoric acid extract. More specifically, the wet-processed phosphoric acid is extracted with the use of a solvent containing more than 0 and less than 50% of water, based on the saturation concentration, and a mineral acid in a quantity corresponding to the quantity, in moles, of cation-bound phosphate in the crude acid.
摘要翻译： 湿法处理的磷酸通过使用其中水部分可溶并能够吸收磷酸的有机溶剂的逆流萃取来纯化，有机磷酸提取物与残留的湿法磷酸分离， 未被溶剂吸收，从分离的有机磷酸提取物中回收磷酸。 更具体地说，湿法处理的磷酸根据饱和浓度使用含有大于0且小于50％的水的溶剂提取，无机酸的量相当于摩尔数， 的阳离子结合磷酸盐。
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公开(公告)号：US3991164A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-09
申请号：US514450
申请日：1974-10-15
申请人： Wolfgang Scheibitz , Hasso Spott , Gero Heymer
发明人： Wolfgang Scheibitz , Hasso Spott , Gero Heymer
CPC分类号： C01B25/24
摘要： Polyphosphoric acid is dearsenicated by placing the polyphosphoric acid in a reactor; adding a phosphorus oxo-compound containing phosphorus in the monovalent or trivalent electropositive oxidation stage; heating the resulting mixture to effect disproportionation of the phosphorus oxo-compound; and removing the resulting off-gas having arsenic therein.
摘要翻译： 多磷酸通过将多磷酸置于反应器中来进行脱砷; 在一价或三价正电氧化阶段加入含磷磷氧化合物; 加热所得混合物以实现磷氧化合物的歧化; 并除去其中具有砷的所得废气。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4279876A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-21
申请号：US128265
申请日：1980-03-07
IPC分类号： C02F1/58 , A62D3/36 , A62D101/45 , C01B25/234 , C01B25/46 , C02F11/00 , C02F101/10 , C02F101/20 , C02F101/22 , C02F103/34 , C01B15/16 , C01B25/26
CPC分类号： A62D3/36 , C01B25/461 , C02F11/008 , A62D2101/45
摘要： The invention relates to a process permitting acid salt residues, hereinafter called raffinates, which are obtained in the decontamination of phosphoric acid by extraction with a solvent, to be converted to solid deposition products, wherein the raffinates are admixed with a quantity of water necessary for them to ensure, after reaction with hydrate of lime or quicklime, the formation of an aqueous filterable suspension. More particularly, the raffinates are admixed with a quantity of hydrate of lime or quicklime necessary for them to ensure, after reaction and filtration of the suspension, the formation of a filter cake having a pH-value within the range 9 to 14. The reaction suspension is filtered as soon as it has assumed a pH-value within the range 5 to 8 and the resulting filter cake is allowed to react completely and deposited.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及允许通过用溶剂萃取对磷酸进行去污而获得的酸盐残基（以下称为残油）的方法，其转化为固体沉积产物，其中将残液与一定量的水混合， 它们确保在与石灰或生石灰的水合物反应后，形成水性可过滤悬浮液。 更具体地说，将残液与一定数量的石灰水合物或生石灰混合，以确保在反应和过滤悬浮液后形成pH值在9至14范围内的滤饼。反应 一旦将pH值设定在5至8的范围内，就将滤液过滤，并使得到的滤饼完全反应并沉积。
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9.发明授权Apparatus for recovering alcoholic phosphoric acid solutions from acid phosphates 失效从酸式磷酸盐中回收醇类磷酸溶液的设备
公开(公告)号：US4271128A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-02
申请号：US72056
申请日：1979-09-04
CPC分类号： C01B25/22 , B01D11/0457 , C01B25/234
摘要： For extracting phosphates with alcohol in the presence of water and a strong mineral acid, with the resultant formation of an alcoholic phosphoric acid solution and an aqueous salt phase, a plurality of mixing settlors are arranged one upon another, so that the bottom outlet for the aqueous salt phase of each mixing settlor serves as the feeder for the next mixing settlor below and the outlet for the alcoholic solution of each settlor is connected with the feed pipe for this solution of the next mixing settlor above. Each mixing settlor is subdivided by means of two partitions into a mixing chamber A, a separating chamber B and a settling chamber C. The said two partitions do not extend to the bottom of the mixing settlor and are arranged so that the three chambers A, B and C communicate with one another.
摘要翻译： 为了在水和强无机酸的存在下用醇萃取磷酸盐，由此形成醇磷酸溶液和盐水相，将多个混合调节剂彼此排列，使得底部出口 每个混合调节剂的盐水相用作下面的下一个混合调色剂的进料器，并且每个调色剂的醇溶液的出口与上述下一个混合调色剂的该溶液的进料管连接。 每个混合调色剂通过两个隔板分成混合室A，分离室B和沉降室C.所述两个隔板不延伸到混合调色剂的底部，并且布置成使得三个室A， B和C相互通信。
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10.发明授权Process and apparatus for recovering alcoholic phosphoric acid solutions from acid phosphates 失效从酸式磷酸盐中回收醇类磷酸溶液的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4203956A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-20
申请号：US945501
申请日：1978-09-25
IPC分类号： C01B25/22
CPC分类号： C01B25/22
摘要： Alcoholic phosphoric acid solutions are produced from acid phosphates or phosphate mixtures in the presence of water and a strong mineral acid by extraction with water. To this end, an aqueous phosphate solution or suspension is contacted countercurrently and thereby mixed with a mixture of at least one alcohol having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and a strong mineral acid, the alcohol or alcohol mixture and the phosphate solution or suspension being used in a ratio by volume of 2:1 to 20:1, and the mineral acid being used in the quantity just necessary to transform the phosphates approximately quantitatively to phosphoric acid. The alcohol or alcohol mixture, mineral acid and phosphate solution or suspension contain the quantity of water necessary to ensure the formation of a mixture consisting of an alcoholic phase and a separate flowable salt phase, which is separated from the alcoholic phase.
摘要翻译： 在水和强无机酸的存在下，通过用水萃取，由酸式磷酸盐或磷酸盐混合物制备醇类磷酸溶液。 为此，将磷酸盐水溶液或悬浮液逆流接触，从而与至少一种具有3至8个碳原子的醇和强无机酸，醇或醇混合物和磷酸盐溶液或悬浮液的混合物混合使用 以体积比为2：1至20：1，无机酸的使用量是将磷酸盐近似定量转化为磷酸所需的量。 醇或醇混合物，无机酸和磷酸盐溶液或悬浮液含有确保形成由醇相和与醇相分离的单独的可流动盐相的混合物所需的水量。
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