Creating seismic images using expanded image gathers

    公开(公告)号:US09733371B2

    公开(公告)日:2017-08-15

    申请号:US14322273

    申请日:2014-07-02

    IPC分类号: G01V1/30

    CPC分类号: G01V1/30 G01V2210/51

    摘要: In the present inventive method, individual traces of seismic data are migrated (41) without any assembling of different midpoints or any summing of different offsets, so that post-migration processing or analysis, e.g. trace alignment, may be applied to the individual migrated traces (42) to compensate for any deficiencies among them, before stack and assembly. Thus, the present invention fully separates the steps of migration (41), assembly (43), and stacking (44), which are combined together in traditional migration. Thus, imaging deficiencies can be measured and addressed in the image space before they are obscured by summation. Afterward, summation can proceed to construct the improved final image (45).

    Creating Seismic Images Using Expanded Image Gathers
    2.
    发明申请
    Creating Seismic Images Using Expanded Image Gathers 审中-公开
    使用扩展图像聚集创建地震图像

    公开(公告)号:US20150063066A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-03-05

    申请号:US14322273

    申请日:2014-07-02

    IPC分类号: G01V1/30

    CPC分类号: G01V1/30 G01V2210/51

    摘要: In the present inventive method, individual traces of seismic data are migrated (41) without any assembling of different midpoints or any summing of different offsets, so that post-migration processing or analysis, e.g. trace alignment, may be applied to the individual migrated traces (42) to compensate for any deficiencies among them, before stack and assembly. Thus, the present invention fully separates the steps of migration (41), assembly (43), and stacking (44), which are combined together in traditional migration. Thus, imaging deficiencies can be measured and addressed in the image space before they are obscured by summation. Afterward, summation can proceed to construct the improved final image (45).

    摘要翻译: 在本发明的方法中,地震数据的各个轨迹被迁移(41),而不需要任何组合不同的中点或任何不同偏移的相加,以便移植后处理或分析。 迹线对准可以应用于单个迁移迹线(42),以在堆叠和组装之前补偿它们之间的任何缺陷。 因此,本发明完全分离了在传统迁移中组合在一起的迁移步骤(41),组装(43)和堆叠(44)。 因此,成像缺陷可以在图像空间被测量和掩蔽之前被求和。 之后,可以进行总结来构建改进的最终图像(45)。

    IDENTIFICATION AND SUPPRESSION OF MULTIPLES IN OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMIC DATA
    3.
    发明申请
    IDENTIFICATION AND SUPPRESSION OF MULTIPLES IN OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMIC DATA 有权
    海洋地震数据中多项式的识别和抑制

    公开(公告)号:US20090316527A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-24

    申请号:US12441688

    申请日:2007-11-15

    IPC分类号: G01V1/38

    CPC分类号: G01V1/364 G01V2210/56

    摘要: A method for identifying and suppressing water column reverberations (“multiple reflections”) in two-component ocean bottom seismic data is disclosed. The method involves processing the hydrophone (P) data and the geophone (Z) data separately to produce two stacked images of the subsurface. Analyzing the stacked P-image and the stacked Z-image together can be used to identify multiple reflections. Analyzing the stacked P-image and the stacked Z-image together with an image of the subsurface created from hydrophone and geophone data combined in the usual way (PZ-image) can be used to identify residual multiples in the PZ image. The stacked P and Z images can be combined using an existing PZ combination technique to suppress multiples. The efficiency of the PZ combination technique at suppressing multiples is increased because of the higher signal-to-noise ratio of stacked data.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种用于识别和抑制双组分海底地震资料中的水柱混响(“多重反射”)的方法。 该方法包括分别处理水听器(P)数据和地震检波器(Z)数据,以产生地下的两个堆叠图像。 将堆叠的P图像和堆叠的Z图像一起分析可以用于识别多个反射。 分析堆叠的P图像和堆叠的Z图像以及以通常方式组合的水听器和地震检波器数据创建的地下图像(PZ图像)可以用于识别PZ图像中的残余倍数。 堆叠的P和Z图像可以使用现有的PZ组合技术来组合以抑制倍数。 由于堆叠数据的较高的信噪比,PZ组合技术抑制倍数的效率提高。

    Phase Control Of Seismic Data
    4.
    发明申请
    Phase Control Of Seismic Data 有权
    地震数据相位控制

    公开(公告)号:US20080120037A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-05-22

    申请号:US10560975

    申请日:2004-05-20

    IPC分类号: G01V1/28

    CPC分类号: G01V1/364 G01V2210/23

    摘要: Method for controlling the phase spectrum of seismic data to match assumptions inherent in subsequent processing steps. The source signature, after processing with the same initial processing steps used on the data, is used to design a phase control filter that shapes the seismic data to have a minimum phase spectrum or whatever other phase spectrum the subsequent processing algorithms may assume. The processed data is then filtered with a second phase-control filter, also designed using the parallel-processed signature, to shape the data to zero phase or whatever other phase may be desired for interpretation of the data.

    摘要翻译: 用于控制地震数据的相位谱以匹配后续处理步骤中固有的假设的方法。 在使用与数据相同的初始处理步骤进行处理之后,源签名用于设计相位控制滤波器,其将地震数据整形为具有最小相位谱或随后的处理算法可以采用的任何其它相位谱。 然后用第二相位控制滤波器对处理后的数据进行滤波,第二相位控制滤波器也使用并行处理的特征进行设计,以将数据整形为零相位,或者为了解释数据可能需要任何其他相位。

    Method for attenuating noise in seismic data
    5.
    发明授权
    Method for attenuating noise in seismic data 有权
    地震数据中噪声衰减的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06738715B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-05-18

    申请号:US10072588

    申请日:2002-02-05

    IPC分类号: G01V100

    CPC分类号: G01V1/28

    摘要: The invention is a method for attenuating noise in seismic data traces, in which at least a portion of the noise is noncoherent in the common-shot domain but coherent in the common-receiver domain, the coherent noise having a move-out velocity different from the move-out velocity of the data signal in the seismic data traces. The method comprises sorting the seismic data traces into common-receiver order and using the difference in move-out velocities to separate the coherent noise from the data seismic signal. This method is useful in suppressing noise in two and four-component ocean bottom cable data.

    摘要翻译: 本发明是一种用于衰减地震数据迹线中的噪声的方法,其中至少一部分噪声在共同点域中是非相干的,但在共同接收机域中是相干的,相干噪声具有不同于 数据信号在地震数据轨迹中的移出速度。 该方法包括将地震数据轨迹排列成共接收器顺序,并使用移出速度的差异将相干噪声与数据地震信号分离。 这种方法对于抑制双组分和四组分海底电缆数据中的噪声是有用的。

    Identification and suppression of multiples in ocean bottom seismic data
    6.
    发明授权
    Identification and suppression of multiples in ocean bottom seismic data 有权
    识别和抑制海底地震数据中的倍数

    公开(公告)号:US08243547B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-08-14

    申请号:US12441688

    申请日:2007-11-15

    IPC分类号: G01V1/36 G01V1/38

    CPC分类号: G01V1/364 G01V2210/56

    摘要: A method for identifying and suppressing water column reverberations (“multiple reflections”) in two-component ocean bottom seismic data is disclosed. The method involves processing the hydrophone (P) data and the geophone (Z) data separately to produce two stacked images of the subsurface (21). Analyzing the stacked P-image and the stacked Z-image together can be used to identify multiple reflections (22). Analyzing the stacked /′-image and the stacked Z-image together with an image of the subsurface created from hydrophone and geophone data combined in the usual way (PZ-image) (20) can be used to identify residual multiples in the PZ image (23). The stacked P and Z images can be combined using an existing PZ combination technique to suppress multiples (24). The efficiency of the PZ combination technique at suppressing multiples is increased because of the higher signal-to-noise ratio of stacked data.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种用于识别和抑制双组分海底地震资料中的水柱混响(“多重反射”)的方法。 该方法包括分别处理水听器(P)数据和地震检波器(Z)数据,以产生地下两个堆叠图像(21)。 将堆叠的P图像和堆叠的Z图像一起分析可以用于识别多个反射(22)。 分析堆叠的P图像和堆叠的Z图像以及以通常方式(PZ图像)(20)组合的水听器和地震检波器数据创建的地下图像可以用于识别PZ图像中的残余倍数( 23)。 堆叠的P和Z图像可以使用现有的PZ组合技术来组合以抑制倍数(24)。 由于堆叠数据的较高的信噪比,PZ组合技术抑制倍数的效率提高。

    Phase control of seismic data
    7.
    发明授权
    Phase control of seismic data 有权
    地震资料的相位控制

    公开(公告)号:US07627433B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-01

    申请号:US10560975

    申请日:2004-05-20

    IPC分类号: G01V1/00 G06F17/40

    CPC分类号: G01V1/364 G01V2210/23

    摘要: Method for controlling the phase spectrum of seismic data to match assumptions inherent in subsequent processing steps. The source signature, after processing with the same initial processing steps used on the data, is used to design a phase control filter that shapes the seismic data to have a minimum phase spectrum or whatever other phase spectrum the subsequent processing algorithms may assume. The processed data is then filtered with a second phase-control filter, also designed using the parallel-processed signature, to shape the data to zero phase or whatever other phase may be desired for interpretation of the data.

    摘要翻译: 用于控制地震数据的相位谱以匹配后续处理步骤中固有的假设的方法。 在使用与数据相同的初始处理步骤进行处理之后,源签名用于设计相位控制滤波器,其将地震数据整形为具有最小相位谱或随后的处理算法可以采用的任何其它相位谱。 然后用第二相位控制滤波器对处理后的数据进行滤波,第二相位控制滤波器也使用并行处理的特征进行设计,以将数据整形为零相位,或者为了解释数据可能需要任何其他相位。