公开(公告)号：US06833795B1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-21

申请号：US09727356

申请日：2000-11-30

申请人： Dennis J. Johnson ,  Eugene Bogatyrev ,  Kevin Alft

发明人： Dennis J. Johnson ,  Eugene Bogatyrev ,  Kevin Alft

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V3/12

摘要： An apparatus and method are employed to detect underground objects for use with a horizontal directional drilling (HDD) machine. A drill pipe is configured to cooperate with the HDD machine to produce a horizontal bore. A transmit apparatus is provided with the drill pipe and transmits electromagnetic probe signals ahead and/or to the side of the drill pipe. A receive apparatus is provided with the drill pipe and receives electromagnetic return signals resulting from the probe signals. A processor, coupled to the transmit and receive apparatuses, compares at least some of the return signals, and generates an alert signal indicative of a detected object in proximity with the drill pipe. HDD machine activity is modified, such as by reducing or halting drill pipe advancement, in response to the alert signal.

摘要翻译： 采用一种装置和方法来检测与水平定向钻（HDD）机器一起使用的地下物体。 钻杆配置为与HDD机器配合以产生水平孔。 传送装置设置有钻杆，并且在钻杆的前侧和/或侧面上传送电磁探针信号。 接收装置设置有钻杆并接收由探针信号产生的电磁返回信号。 耦合到发射和接收装置的处理器比较至少一些返回信号，并产生指示检测对象靠近钻杆的报警信号。 硬盘机器活动被修改，例如通过减少或停止钻杆前进，响应警报信号。

公开(公告)号：US06831571B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-14

申请号：US09732286

申请日：2000-12-07

申请人： Roger P. Bartel

发明人： Roger P. Bartel

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： E21B47/124 ,  E21B47/12 ,  E21B47/122

摘要： A method and apparatus for transferring data from a logging tool to a surface computer that involves attaching a stand-alone data dump device to the logging tool after the logging tool has gathered data about downhole parameters. After attaching the data dump device, data contained in a memory of the logging tool is copied to a memory of the data dump device. In one embodiment, once data copying between the logging tool and data dump device is complete, the data dump device is disconnected from the logging tool and connected to a surface computer which reads the data previously copied to the data dump device. A second embodiment of the data dump device has a radio frequency communication link between the surface computer and the data dump device to allow a wireless communication between the surface computer and the data dump device and/or logging tool.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将数据从测井工具传输到平面计算机的方法和装置，其涉及在日志记录工具收集关于井下参数的数据之后将独立数据转储装置附接到测井工具。 附加数据转储设备后，包含在日志记录工具的存储器中的数据被复制到数据转储设备的存储器中。 在一个实施例中，一旦记录工具和数据转储设备之间的数据复制完成，数据转储设备将与测井工具断开连接，并连接到读取先前复制到数据转储设备的数据的平面计算机。 数据转储装置的第二实施例具有在表面计算机和数据转储装置之间的射频通信链路，以允许表面计算机与数据转储装置和/或记录工具之间的无线通信。

公开(公告)号：US06782970B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-31

申请号：US10138274

申请日：2002-04-25

申请人： Chung Chang

发明人： Chung Chang

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V1/52 ,  G01V1/143

摘要： A shaftless acoustic source is disclosed having a solenoid, a bullet and driving electronics. The bullet, which is positioned inside the solenoid's coil, can be accelerated by a magnetic force generated when a current pulse is applied to the coil. Acoustic energies are generated upon the impact of the bullet with an object, such as a borehole wall. This impact force can be described by the Hertzian Contact Theory (also referred to herein as Hertzian Theory) as a point of normal force with a time function similar to a half period sine function. A retraction device may be used to retract the bullet back into the solenoid after firing.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种无轴声源，具有螺线管，子弹和驱动电子装置。 位于螺线管线圈内的子弹可以通过当电流脉冲施加到线圈时产生的磁力加速。 在物体（例如钻孔壁）的子弹撞击时产生声能。 该冲击力可以通过赫兹式接触理论（本文也称为赫兹理论）描述为具有类似于半周期正弦函数的时间函数的法向力的点。 退火装置可以用于在发射之后将子弹缩回到螺线管中。

公开(公告)号：US06728165B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-27

申请号：US09429048

申请日：1999-10-29

申请人： John A. Roscigno ,  Craig W. Hodgson ,  Donald A. Frederick ,  William C. Knaack

发明人： John A. Roscigno ,  Craig W. Hodgson ,  Donald A. Frederick ,  William C. Knaack

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01H9/004 ,  G01V1/52

摘要： A system for sensing subterranean acoustic waves emitted from an acoustic source includes a plurality of laser sources, a plurality of subterranean optical sensors, at least one optical detector, and electronics. The laser sources each emit light at a different frequency. The subterranean optical sensors receive the light and alter the light in response to the acoustic waves. The optical detector receives the altered light and outputs an electrical signal. The electronics receives the electrical signal and converts it into seismic data format. The hydrophone for sensing the acoustic signals is able to operate at pressures of at least 5,000 psi and temperatures of at least 130 degrees Celsius. A hydrophone may be housed in a cable having a diameter of less than about 1.5 inches. The hydrophone's sensor preferably includes a reference mandrel, two sensing mandrels, and a telemetry can, all of which are aligned in a coaxial, end-to-end configuration to reduce the profile of the hydrophone. Flexible interlinks having grooves therein for receiving optical fiber join the mandrels together. The reference mandrel and sensing mandrels advantageously have hemispherically-shaped endcaps, permitting them to operate at high pressure.

摘要翻译： 用于感测从声源发射的地声波的系统包括多个激光源，多个地下光学传感器，至少一个光学检测器和电子设备。 激光源各自以不同的频率发光。 地下光学传感器接收光并响应于声波改变光。 光检测器接收改变的光并输出电信号。 电子设备接收电信号并将其转换为地震数据格式。 用于感测声信号的水听器能够在至少5000psi的压力和至少130摄氏度的温度下操作。 水听器可以容纳在直径小于约1.5英寸的电缆中。 水听器的传感器优选地包括参考心轴，两个感测心轴和遥测罐，它们都以同轴的端对端配置对准，以减小水听器的轮廓。 在其中具有用于接收光纤的凹槽的柔性互连将心轴连接在一起。 参考心轴和感测心轴有利地具有半球形端盖，允许它们在高压下操作。

公开(公告)号：US06704657B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US09860354

申请日：2001-05-18

申请人： Shulin Peng ,  Weiwei Zhao ,  Lixin Wang ,  Xiaoxi Liu

发明人： Shulin Peng ,  Weiwei Zhao ,  Lixin Wang ,  Xiaoxi Liu

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V1/26 ,  G01V1/04

摘要： The present invention comprises an apparatus and a method for measuring the first arrival time of seismic waves from detonation in seismic explorations, comprising a or several detectors for measuring seismic waves and converting them into electrical signals and a signal processing means for calculating an average energy of the electrical signals to determine the first arrival time of seismic waves and using a smooth filtering method to compute accurately the first arrival time backwards from the first maximum valve in the average energy curve.

摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种用于测量来自地震勘探中的爆震的地震波的第一到达时间的装置和方法，包括用于测量地震波并将其转换为电信号的一个或多个检测器，以及用于计算平均能量的信号处理装置 确定地震波的首次到达时间的电信号，并使用平滑滤波方法从平均能量曲线中的第一最大阀门向后精确计算第一到达时间。

公开(公告)号：US06681185B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-20

申请号：US10206650

申请日：2002-07-26

申请人： Roger A. Young ,  Aleksey B Pankratov ,  John F. Greve

发明人： Roger A. Young ,  Aleksey B Pankratov ,  John F. Greve

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V1/30

摘要： A method of seismic analysis is disclosed for determining geopressures or seismic velocities or other formation attributes. A frequency related attribute is determined from seismic data by analysis of the frequency content of one or more signal traces. Geopressure or velocity may then be derived from the frequency related attribute without reliance on moveout techniques. A derivative of a maximum value of pore pressure is utilized to determine a transition zone whereby the derivative peaks and then recedes. The lithology is then examined to determine a formation directly below the transition zone at which an overpressure may exist.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定地理压力或地震速度或其他形成属性的地震分析方法。 通过分析一个或多个信号迹线的频率内容，从地震数据确定频率相关属性。 然后可以从频率相关属性导出地理压力或速度，而不依赖于移动技术。 利用最大孔隙压力值的导数来确定过渡区域，由此导数峰值然后后退。 然后检查岩性以确定在可能存在超压的过渡区域的正下方的形成。

公开(公告)号：US06678616B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

申请号：US09434694

申请日：1999-11-05

申请人： Kenneth W. Winkler ,  Ralph M. D'Angelo

发明人： Kenneth W. Winkler ,  Ralph M. D'Angelo

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V1/52 ,  G01V1/44

摘要： Methods and tools are provided for real time velocity imaging of a borehole wall with sufficiently high resolution to identify vugs, worm holes, thin beds, dip angles, fractures and breakouts, for both open hole logging and logging while drilling in the presence of OBM's. A method is provided which includes transmitting an ultrasonic pulse through the borehole wall, receiving at first and second spaced-apart receivers an ultrasonic pulse refracted from the borehole wall, and producing a velocity image data value indicative of difference of arrival times at first and second spaced-apart receivers. This is repeated at a plurality of azimuths and depths to produce a velocity image data set. The method uses compressional pulses and/or pseudo-Raleigh pulses. A tool is provided for wireline use having an ultrasonic transmitter for transmitting ultrasonic pulses into the borehole wall, and a plurality of ultrasonic receivers. A processor in the tool produces real time velocity image data values indicative of time of flight of an ultrasonic pulse in the borehole wall. A similar tool is provided for logging while drilling (LWD).

摘要翻译： 提供了方法和工具，用于在具有足够高分辨率的井壁实时速度成像，以便在存在OBM的同时进行钻孔时识别出孔，蜗杆孔，薄床，倾角，断裂和断裂。 提供了一种方法，其包括：通过所述钻孔壁传输超声波脉冲;在所述第一和第二间隔开的接收器处接收从所述钻孔壁折射的超声波脉冲，以及产生指示第一和第二时间到达时间差的速度图像数据值 间隔开的接收器。 这在多个方位角和深度处重复以产生速度图像数据集。 该方法使用压缩脉冲和/或伪罗利脉冲。提供了一种用于电缆使用的​​工具，其具有用于将超声波脉冲发射到井壁中的超声波发射器和多个超声波接收器。 工具中的处理器产生指示井眼壁中的超声波脉冲的飞行时间的实时速度图像数据值。 提供了一种类似的工具，用于钻井记录（LWD）。

公开(公告)号：US06556510B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-29

申请号：US09727273

申请日：2000-11-29

申请人： Loran D. Ambs

发明人： Loran D. Ambs

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V1/006 ,  G01V1/201

摘要： A system and method for generating acoustic source energy in marine seismic operations. A plurality of acoustic energy sources are integrated within seismic streamers to facilitate deployment, power distribution and signal communication. The acoustic energy sources can comprise slotted cylinders activatable with piezoelectric elements. By providing an array of lightweight, energy efficient acoustic energy sources throughout a seismic receiver array, both zero-offset and far-offset reflection data can be recorded. The acoustic energy discharge can be swept over a time interval, or steered in a selected pattern throughout the array, to significantly reduce the impulse energy released into the water. The reflected signals can be compressed back into an impulse for subsequent data processing. Bi-static reflections can be generated simultaneously with the zero-offset source-receiver locations to improve the vertical and horizontal resolution of data.

公开(公告)号：US06536553B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-25

申请号：US09557939

申请日：2000-04-25

申请人： Michael V. Scanlon

发明人： Michael V. Scanlon

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01N29/226 ,  G01N29/069 ,  G01N29/2493 ,  G01N29/28 ,  G01N2291/0421 ,  G01N2291/105 ,  G01V1/001 ,  G01V1/047 ,  Y10S181/401

摘要： An apparatus for detecting an underground abject includes a container in contact with the ground surface; a medium disposed in the container; at least one acoustic sensor disposed in the medium in the container; and an output device connected to the acoustic sensor. A portion of the container in contact with the ground is substantially acoustically transparent and conforms to contours of the ground. The acoustic impedance of the medium in the container is substantially the same as the acoustic impedance of the ground. A method of detecting an underground object includes receiveing reflected acoustic noise with at least one acoustic sensor immersed in a medium, the mediukm being desposed in a container in contact with a ground surface; converting the reflected acoustic noise to electrical signals; and, using an output device, converting teh eletrical signals to a form that can be sensed by a human to determine if the undergroung object has been detected.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测地下凹坑的装置包括与地表相接触的容器; 设置在容器中的介质; 设置在容器中的介质中的至少一个声学传感器; 以及连接到声学传感器的输出装置。 与地面接触的容器的一部分基本上是声学上透明的并且符合地面轮廓。 容器中的介质的声阻抗基本上与地面的声阻抗相同。 一种检测地下物体的方法包括：将至少一个浸入介质中的声传感器接收反射的声学噪声，该介质被置于与地表接触的容器中; 将反射的声学噪声转换为电信号; 并且使用输出装置将电子信号转换成可被人感测的形式，以确定是否检测到欠色物体。

公开(公告)号：US06477112B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09597022

申请日：2000-06-20

申请人： Xiaoming Tang ,  Tianrun Zhang

发明人： Xiaoming Tang ,  Tianrun Zhang

IPC分类号： G01V100

CPC分类号： G01V1/46 ,  G01V1/48

摘要： Acoustic logging data are obtained using a logging tool including at least on transmitter and a plurality of receivers. A waveform matching inversion is performed to obtain formation slowness profiles at various resolutions ranging from the total length of the receiver array to the inter-array receiver spacing. Using overlapping sub-arrays of reduced aperture provides for resolution enhancement. The enhancement is achieved by minimizing the noise contamination effects by maximizing the information redundancy in waveform data. The method achieves this by isolating the wave event of interest and matching the waveform of the event for all possible receiver pairs allowed by the sub-array. The high-resolution slowness curve successfully resolves the laminated features in a geological formation. This invention is a useful tool for evaluating thin beds in laminated formations using borehole acoustic logging.

摘要翻译： 使用至少包括发射机和多个接收机的测井工具获得声学测井数据。 进行波形匹配反演，以从接收器阵列的总长度到阵列间接收器间隔的各种分辨率获得形成慢度分布。 使用缩小孔径的重叠子阵列可提供分辨率增强。 通过最大化波形数据中的信息冗余来最小化噪声污染效应，可以实现增强。 该方法通过隔离感兴趣的波事件并且匹配子阵列允许的所有可能接收器对的事件波形来实现。 高分辨率慢度曲线成功地解决了地质构造中的层叠特征。 本发明是使用井眼声学测井法评估层压地层薄床的有用工具。