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公开(公告)号：US4814050A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US122190
申请日：1987-11-18
申请人： William D. McGraw , Kevin G. Christian , William M. Hall , Gene S. Miller , Christopher M. Seaman , Robert L. Kozarek
发明人： William D. McGraw , Kevin G. Christian , William M. Hall , Gene S. Miller , Christopher M. Seaman , Robert L. Kozarek
CPC分类号： C25C3/20
摘要： A method of estimating and controlling the concentration of alumina in the bath of a Hall cell. The method includes the use of an estimator that employs two sets of equations, namely, a time update algorithm that contains a dynamic model of the alumina mass balance of the cell and provides estimates of alumina concentration, and a measurement algorithm that uses a process feedback variable from the cell to modify the alumina estimate. In addition, the method includes the use of one or more tuning parameters, such as state noise variance and measurement noise variance. The measurement noise variance is modified by the process noise variance in a manner that increases measurement noise variance for high values of process noise and decreases measurement noise variance for low values of process noise. In addition, one or more of the parameters of the model are modified by the feed history of the cell.
摘要翻译： 一种估算和控制霍尔电池槽中氧化铝浓度的方法。 该方法包括使用采用两组方程的估计器，即包含电池的氧化铝质量平衡的动态模型并提供氧化铝浓度的估计的时间更新算法，以及使用过程反馈的测量算法 从细胞变化来修改氧化铝估计。 此外，该方法包括使用一个或多个调谐参数，例如状态噪声方差和测量噪声方差。 通过过程噪声方差改变测量噪声方差，以增加过程噪声高值的测量噪声方差，并降低过程噪声值的测量噪声方差。 此外，模型的一个或多个参数由单元格的进纸历史修改。
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公开(公告)号：US5674416A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-07
申请号：US520203
申请日：1995-08-28
申请人： Edward P. Patrick , Philip J. Blakeley , Regis J. Huth, Jr. , A. Victor Pajerski , Christopher M. Seaman , Donald J. Spinella , Charles B. Wolf
发明人： Edward P. Patrick , Philip J. Blakeley , Regis J. Huth, Jr. , A. Victor Pajerski , Christopher M. Seaman , Donald J. Spinella , Charles B. Wolf
CPC分类号： B41N3/032
摘要： A method and apparatus for graining a surface having a substantial area traveling at a substantial rate of speed. The method includes directing the surface past an array of electrical arcs traveling about a plurality of loop electrodes arranged to provide overlapping arc loop paths as the surface travels past the array of arc loops. The arc loops are established between the loop electrodes and the traveling surface, and thus contact the surface to grain the same. When each arc is struck between its loop electrodes and traveling surface, it is magnetically impelled about the loop of its electrode by a magnetic field established perpendicular of the direction of arc current flow. An annular sheath of gas is provided on each side of the electrode loop and the arc struck between the electrode loop and the traveling surface.
摘要翻译： 一种用于磨碎表面的方法和装置，其具有以相当速度行进的实质区域。 该方法包括将表面引导经过电弧阵列，该阵列围绕多个环形电极传播，布置成当表面移动经过弧形阵列时提供重叠的弧形环路径。 在环形电极和行进面之间建立电弧回路，从而使表面与晶粒接触。 当每个电弧在其环形电极和行进表面之间被撞击时，它通过垂直于电弧电流方向垂直的磁场在其电极的环路处被磁力推进。 在电极环的每一侧设置有环状的气体鞘，并且在电极环与行进面之间产生电弧。
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