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1.再颁专利Method and apparatus for measuring ratio of mass flow rates and energy flow in a gas pipeline 失效用于测量气体管道中质量流量和能量流量比的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：USRE35639E
公开(公告)日：1997-10-21
申请号：US420254
申请日：1995-04-11
IPC分类号： G01F1/10 , G01F1/86 , G01F1/90 , G01F15/02 , G01F15/04 , G01N33/22 , G01N25/22 , G01F1/00 , G01F9/00
CPC分类号： G01F15/046 , G01F1/90 , G01F15/022 , G01N33/225
摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for monitoring in real time the mass and energy flow rate of a gas through a pipeline. The invention determines the mass flow ratio of a pipeline gas flowing through a pipeline compared to sample gas tapped from the pipeline line when the volumetric flow of pipeline gas through the pipeline is measured by a linear flow meter. Sample gas tapped from the pipeline is flowed to a chamber having a section with a fixed volume until the pressure in the chamber section is substantially equal to the pipeline gas pressure. The sample gas is maintained at substantially the same temperature as the gas in the pipeline while the sample gas is in the chamber section. A timer measures the time interval for the sample gas to flow from the chamber section at a selected rate for a calculated pressure drop the selected rate being controlled by a flow controller. The mass flow ratio is computed using the measured time interval and a signal from the linear flow meter. The energy flow rate of the pipeline gas is determined by measuring the energy flow rate of the sample gas and relating that value to the mass flow ratio of the pipeline gas compared to the sample gas.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于实时监测通过管道的气体的质量和能量流量的方法和装置。 本发明通过线性流量计测量管道气体通过管道的体积流量时，与管线中的抽样气体相比，确定流经管道的管道气体的质量流量比。 从管道抽出的样品气体流入具有固定体积的区段的室，直到室部分中的压力基本上等于管道气体压力。 当样品气体处于室部分时，样品气体保持在与管道中的气体基本相同的温度。 定时器测量样品气体以选定速率从腔室部分流出的时间间隔，用于计算的压降，所选择的速率由流量控制器控制。 使用测量的时间间隔和来自线性流量计的信号计算质量流量比。 管道气体的能量流量通过测量样品气体的能量流量并将其与该样品气体相比将该值与管道气体的质量流量比相关联来确定。
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公开(公告)号：US5323657A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US9481
申请日：1993-01-25
IPC分类号： G01F1/48 , G01F1/88 , G01F1/90 , G01F5/00 , G01F15/02 , G01F15/04 , G01N1/22 , G01N33/22 , G01N25/22
CPC分类号： G01F1/48 , G01F1/88 , G01F1/90 , G01F15/022 , G01F15/046 , G01F5/005 , G01N1/2247 , G01N33/225
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring a base condition volumetric flowrate of a pipeline gas flowing through a pipeline in which a pipeline gas flowrate is measured by a pipeline gas flowmeter that responds to density in a characteristic manner, a sample gas flowrate is measured by a sample gas flowmeter that responds to density in the same manner as a pipeline gas flowmeter, and a base condition sample gas volumetric flowrate is measured by measuring the base condition energy flowrate of the sample gas, measuring the base condition heating value of the sample gas and dividing the base condition energy flowrate by the base condition heating value. The measured pipeline gas flowrate through the pipeline is then adjusted by the ratio of the base condition sample gas flowrate divided by the measured flowrate of the sample gas. The temperature of the sample gas should be substantially the same as the pipeline gas in the pipeline when the sample gas flowrate is measured.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量流过管道的管道气体的基本状态体积流量的方法和装置，其中通过以特征方式响应密度的管道气体流量计测量管道气体流量，样品气体流量由样品 以与管道式气体流量计相同的方式对密度进行响应的气体流量计，并且通过测量样品气体的基本条件能量流量，测量样品气体的基本条件发热值和分割来测量基本条件样品气体体积流量 基本条件能量流量由基础条件发热值。 然后通过基准条件样品气体流量除以样品气体的测量流量的比率来调节通过管道测量的管道气体流量。 当测量样品气体流量时，样品气体的温度应与管道中的管道气体基本相同。
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公开(公告)号：US4663977A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-12
申请号：US815865
申请日：1986-01-03
CPC分类号： G01F1/667 , G01F15/046
摘要： A microcomputer is interfaced to a pair of probes for sending and receiving sonic signals across a flow stream of gas. The microcomputer reads phase information and determines a phase difference that corresponds to a difference in travel times for two oppositely directed sonic signals. The microcomputer is also interfaced to a load cell that communicates with the flow stream through two valve-controlled gas lines. The microcomputer controls the valves to trap a sample of the gas and to allow the gas to attain two different pressures. By measuring changes in pressure and weight for a fixed volume of the gas, the microcomputer can determine sonic velocity. It then uses this result and the phase difference determined from the sonic measurement to calculate flow rate and to generate an output signal proportional to the flow rate of the gas.
摘要翻译： 微型计算机与一对探针连接，用于在气流的流动下发送和接收声音信号。 微型计算机读取相位信息，并确定对应于两个相反指向的声音信号的行进时间差的相位差。 微型计算机还连接到通过两个阀控气体管线与流动流连通的测力传感器。 微型计算机控制阀门捕获气体样品并允许气体达到两个不同的压力。 通过测量固定体积气体的压力和重量的变化，微型计算机可以确定声速。 然后使用该结果和从声波测量确定的相位差来计算流速并产生与气体流速成比例的输出信号。
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公开(公告)号：US06058761A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US16029
申请日：1998-01-30
摘要： The relative density of a sample of a supply gas under test is determined by measuring an atmospheric pressure and a pressure differential for the reference gas and the sample gas as each is passed through a small orifice (16) with smooth walls, such as a pore formed in a sapphire jewel. The pressure measurements are made on a time base determined during the reference gas cycle. A microcontroller (15) then computes a relative density for the sample gas based on a known relative density for the reference gas and a ratio of pressure factors for the sample gas and the reference gas in a system operating at in a range from about 1 to about 6 psig.
摘要翻译： 被测试供给气体的样品的相对密度通过测量参考气体和样品气体的大气压力和压差来确定，每个样品通过具有光滑壁（例如孔隙）的小孔口（16） 形成在蓝宝石宝石。 压力测量是在参考气体循环中确定的时基进行的。 微控制器（15）然后基于参考气体的已知相对密度计算样品气体的相对密度，并且在系统中的样品气体和参考气体的压力因子的比率在约1至 约6 psig
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5.发明授权Measuring heating value using predetermined volumes in non-catialytic combustion 失效在非催化燃烧中测量使用预定体积的热值
公开(公告)号：US5820260A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-13
申请号：US731403
申请日：1996-10-18
CPC分类号： G01N25/22 , G01N33/225 , G01N25/32
摘要： The heating value of a sample gas is calculated by a microcontroller (12) from the heating value of a reference gas, and from an oxidation energy ratio determined as the gas is combusted by a flameless combustion process. The combustible gas is mixed with a combustion supporting gas, such as air, in a volume chamber (4) and injected into a combustion device (8, 50) in which a body of inert material (26, 51, 53) is heated above the auto-ignition temperature of the gas mixture. The inert material (26, 51, 53) is arranged to have a void dimension that is small enough to prevent the formation of an open flame during combustion. The process is repeated with a sample gas. During the injection cycle, the microcontroller (12) receives signals which monitor the power of combustion. The microcontroller (12) calculates the heating value of the sample gas and generates an output signal to a visual display or other output device.
摘要翻译： 通过微控制器（12）根据参考气体的热值以及由无焰燃烧过程燃烧的气体所确定的氧化能比来计算样品气体的发热值。 可燃气体与诸如空气的燃烧支持气体在体积室（4）中混合并注入到燃烧装置（8,50）中，其中惰性材料体（26,51,53）被加热到其上方 气体混合物的自燃温度。 惰性材料（26,51,53）被布置成具有足够小的空隙尺寸，以防止燃烧期间形成明火。 用样品气体重复该过程。 在注射循环期间，微控制器（12）接收监测燃烧功率的信号。 微控制器（12）计算采样气体的发热值，并产生到视觉显示器或其它输出装置的输出信号。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5551282A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-03
申请号：US407456
申请日：1995-03-20
CPC分类号： G01F15/043 , G01F15/046
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring volume correction in a gas pipeline using a variable volume chamber where the gas is sampled at the temperature and pressure of gas in the pipeline. A portion of a known volume of sample gas is released and a change of volume in the sample chamber is measured with respect to time, while maintaining temperature and pressure at pipeline conditions. The sample gas is then measured for molar flow rate at near base conditions, and this is used to calculate the molar density of the gas. Because the molar density of the gas has been measured at pipeline conditions, it can be multiplied by volumetric flow rate in the pipeline to provide base volumetric flow rate of the pipeline gas. A heating analyzer is provided to determine heat content of the gas, and this is multiplied by volumetric flow rate to determine energy flow rate.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在气体管道中使用可变容积室测量体积校正的方法和装置，其中气体在管道中的气体的温度和压力下被采样。 已知体积的样品气体的一部分被释放，并且相对于时间测量样品室中的体积变化，同时保持管线条件下的温度和压力。 然后在近碱条件下测量样品气体的摩尔流速，并用于计算气体的摩尔浓度。 由于在管线条件下测量了气体的摩尔密度，所以可以将管道中的体积流量乘以管道气体的基本体积流量。 提供加热分析器以确定气体的热含量，并将其乘以体积流量以确定能量流率。
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公开(公告)号：US5882115A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US993236
申请日：1997-12-18
CPC分类号： G01N25/22 , G01N33/225 , G01N25/32
摘要： The heating value of a sample gas is calculated by a microcontroller (12) from the heating value of a reference gas, and from flow ratios and power levels determined as the gas is combusted by a flameless combustion process. The combustible gas is mixed with a combustion supporting gas, such as air, and flowed to a body of material (26, 52) which is heated to a temperature sufficient for oxidation of the gas mixture. The size of spaces in a first embodiment of a heater device (9, 11, 25, 26) and in a second embodiment of a heater device (50) are limited to prevent formation of an open flame. In a preferred "lean mixture" embodiment, the gas-air mixture of the reference gas, and the gas-air mixture of the sample gas, respectively, are each adjusted until a selected power level of combustion at a temperature lower than the point of stoichiometric combustion is reached. In a second, "rich mixture" embodiment, the gas-air mixture of the reference gas, and the gas-air mixture of the sample gas, respectively, are each adjusted from a "rich mixture" to reach a point of stoichiometric combustion. Based on flow rates and the selected power ratio, the heating value of the sample gas is calculated by the microcontroller (12) and output to a visual display or other output device.
摘要翻译： 通过微控制器（12）根据参考气体的热值以及由无焰燃烧过程燃烧的气体确定的流量比和功率水平来计算样品气体的发热值。 可燃气体与诸如空气的燃烧支持气体混合，并且流动到被加热到足以氧化气体混合物的温度的材料体（26,52）。 加热器装置（9,11,25,26）的第一实施例和加热器装置（50）的第二实施例中的空间的大小被限制以防止形成明火。 在优选的“稀混合物”实施例中，分别调节参考气体的气体 - 空气混合物和样品气体的气体 - 空气混合物，直到在低于 达到化学计量燃烧。 在第二个“浓混合物”实施例中，分别将参考气体的气体 - 空气混合物和样品气体的气体 - 空气混合物从“富混合物”调整到达化学计量燃烧点。 基于流量和选择的功率比，样品气体的热值由微控制器（12）计算并输出到视觉显示器或其它输出装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5748492A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US599003
申请日：1996-02-09
CPC分类号： G01N33/225
摘要： The heating value of a sample gas is calculated by a microcontroller (12) from the heating value of a reference gas, and from flow ratios determined as the gas is consumed by catalytic combustion. In a preferred embodiment, chambers (5, 14) of fixed volume are charged to a predetermined pressure with a reference gas and a sample gas, respectively, and flowed to the catalyst at variable, changing flow rates as pressure decays. During the discharge cycle, a pressure transducer (13) senses the decaying pressure and this information is input to the microcontroller (12), which computes molar flow rates and which also senses the power level of combustion through a bridge circuit (24) in the catalytic apparatus (8, 10). Based on a ratio of molar flow rates and a ratio of corresponding power levels, a heating value of the sample gas is calculated by the microcontroller (12) and output to a visual display or other output device.
摘要翻译： 样品气体的发热值由微控制器（12）根据参考气体的加热值，以及当气体被催化燃烧消耗时确定的流量比来计算。 在优选实施例中，固定体积的腔室（5,14）分别用参考气体和样品气体加入到预定压力，并且随着压力衰减以可变的变化的流速流入催化剂。 在放电循环期间，压力传感器（13）感测衰减的压力，并且该信息被输入到微控制器（12），微控制器（12）计算摩尔流量，并且还感测通过桥接电路（24）的燃烧功率水平 催化装置（8,10）。 基于摩尔流量比和相应功率水平的比例，通过微控制器（12）计算样品气体的加热值，并将其输出到视觉显示器或其他输出装置。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for measuring mass flow and energy content using a linear flow meter 失效使用线性流量计测量质量流量和能量含量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5201581A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-13
申请号：US793753
申请日：1991-11-18
CPC分类号： G01F15/046 , G01F1/90 , G01F15/022 , G01N33/225
摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for monitoring in real time the mass and energy flow rate of a gas through a pipeline. The invention determines the mass flow ratio of a pipeline gas flowing through a pipeline compared to sample gas tapped from the pipeline line when the volumetric flow of pipeline gas through the pipeline is measured by a linear flow meter. Sample gas tapped from the pipeline is flowed to a chamber having a section with a fixed volume until the pressure in the chamber section is substantially equal to the pipeline gas pressure. The sample gas is maintained at substantially the same temperature as the gas in the pipeline while the sample gas is in the chamber section. A timer measures the time interval for the sample gas to flow from the chamber section at a selected rate for a calculated pressure drop the selected rate being controlled by a flow controller. The mass flow ratio is computed using the measured time interval and a signal from the linear flow meter. The energy flow rate of the pipeline gas is determined by measuring the energy flow rate of the sample gas and relating that value to the mass flow ratio of the pipeline gas compared to the sample gas.
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公开(公告)号：US5759862A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US787671
申请日：1997-01-24
CPC分类号： G01N33/225
摘要： The heating value of a sample gas is calculated by a microcontroller from the heating value of a reference gas, and from flow ratios determined as the gas is consumed by catalytic combustion. The combustible gas is mixed with a combustion supporting gas, such as air, and flowed to a catalytic apparatus. In one embodiment, a molar flow meter is connected in the supply line for the combustible gas to measure the molar flow rate of a reference gas and a sample gas. Molar flow rates of the reference gas and the sample gas are determined at maximum temperature of combustion of the gas. In a preferred embodiment, a valve chamber is charged with a gas to a predetermined pressure and then discharged. During the discharge cycle, the apparatus senses the maximum temperature of combustion which corresponds to the point of optimum fuel-to-air ratio for catalytic combustion. Based on flow rates and the optimum fuel-to-air ratio, heating value of the sample gas is calculated by a microcomputer and output to a visual display or other output device.
摘要翻译： 样品气体的发热值由微控制器根据参考气体的热值以及由气体通过催化燃烧消耗而确定的流量比来计算。 可燃气体与诸如空气的燃烧支持气体混合，并流到催化装置。 在一个实施例中，摩尔流量计连接在用于可燃气体的供应管线中，以测量参考气体和样品气体的摩尔流量。 在气体的最高燃烧温度下确定参考气体和样品气体的摩尔流速。 在一个优选实施例中，阀室中充入气体至预定压力，然后排出。 在排放循环期间，装置感测到燃烧的最高温度对应于用于催化燃烧的最佳燃料 - 空气比的点。 基于流量和最佳的燃料 - 空气比，样品气体的热值由微型计算机输出到视觉显示器或其他输出装置。
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