摘要:
The present invention relates to an improvement in lithium secondary batteries comprised of a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator, and a lithium-based electrolyte carried in an aprotic solvent and to the electrolyte compositions. The improvement resides in the use of a lithium salt of the formula: Li2B12FxZ12-x wherein x greater than or equal to 4 and Z represents H, Cl, and Br.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及由在非质子传递溶剂中负载的负极,正极,隔膜和锂基电解质组成的锂二次电池的改进。 改进在于使用下式的锂盐:<?in-line-formula description =“In-line formula”end =“lead”?> Li 2 B 12 β-in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>其中x大于 或等于4,Z表示H,Cl和Br。
摘要:
This invention relates to an improvement in a liquid phase process for the direct fluorination of borohydride salts including the B10H10−2 and B12H12−2 salts wherein said borohydride salt is contacted with fluorine, under conditions for forming said fluorinated borohydride salt. The improvement in the liquid phase process resides in effecting the fluorination of said borohydride salt in the presence of a reaction medium having an acidity between that of water and anhydrous HF. More specifically, the reaction medium should have a Hammett acidity, Ho, between 0>Ho>−11.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及在形成所述氟化硼氢化物盐的条件下,将硼氢化物盐直接氟化的液相方法的改进,所述硼氢化物盐包括其中所述硼氢化物盐与氟接触的B10H10-2和B12H12-2盐。 液相方法的改进在于在具有水与无水HF之间的酸度的反应介质的存在下实现所述硼氢化物的氟化。 更具体地说,反应介质应具有H 2 H 3 -11之间的哈米特酸度H 1。
摘要:
A process for fluorinating &bgr;-dicarbonyls to form the corresponding &agr;-fluorinated-&bgr;-dicarbonyl compounds is provided. The process is represented by the following reaction scheme: where R1 is H, alkyl or alkoxy, R2 is H, alkyl or perfluoroalkyl, and R3 is H, Cl, Br, I or alkyl. Use of oxygen in the fluorine stream yields a product which is 90-96% pure and contains radical fluorination impurity levels which are 10-20% lower than when oxygen is not used.
摘要:
Novel compositions containing SF4—O—CF3 bonded to an organic group are disclosed. Aryl trifluoromethoxytetrafluorosulfuranes (or Ar—SF4—O—CF3), have been synthesized via the reaction of an aryl disulfide or thiol with fluoroxytrifluoromethane (F3COF). The compositions are useful synthons, which may be derivatized to yield highly electrically polar molecules, particularly novel liquid crystal compositions having high dielectric anisotropies. Cycloalkyl trifluoromethoxytetrafluorosulfuranes have similar utility.
摘要:
A process for providing an &agr;-fluorinated-&bgr;-dicarbonyl includes electrophilically fluorinating a &bgr;-dicarbonyl with bis-fluoroxydifluoromethane in the presence of an acid to provide the &agr;-monofluorinated-&bgr;-dicarbonyl. The acid is preferably hydrofluoric acid. Preferred &bgr;-dicarbonyls include methyl-3-oxopentanoate and ethyl-4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate. The process can limit radical impurity byproducts to no more than 4% in some cases, and less than 0.5% in other cases. Theoretical yields of 95% &agr;-monofluorinated-&bgr;-dicarbonyl are possible in some cases.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to new compositions comprising an, B12FxH12−x− anion that may be prepared chemically or electrochemically by oxidation of B12FxH12−x2− salts. This anion can be generated electrochemically in a voltammetry experiment, or by chemically by treatment of the (2−) anions with powerful oxidants such as XeF2 or NO2(+) salts. The new compositions can be used as 1 electron chemical oxidants and in electrochemical cells such as lithium ion batteries where their formation at elevated potential can serve to limit the upper limit of voltage during the overcharge of such a cell.
摘要:
The over charge protection of a lithium ion cell is improved by using an electrolyte comprising at least one redox shuttle additive that comprises an in situ generated soluble oxidizer or oxidant to accelerate other forms of chemical overcharge protection. The oxidizer can be employed in combination with radical polymerization additives.
摘要:
The present invention relates to lithium secondary batteries comprising a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator and a lithium-based electrolyte carried in an aprotic solvent, and to the electrolyte compositions, and to methods for purifying battery active materials. The electrolyte comprises at least one solvent and a lithium salt of the formula: Li2B12FxH12-x-yZy where x+y is from 3 to 12, and x and y are independently from 0 to 12, and Z comprises at least one of Cl and Br.
摘要:
An electrochemical device and a proton conducting medium for use in an electrochemical device having a proton conducting electrolyte comprising the formula: HaMbQ.nH2O where H is a proton, M is a cation, Q is the fluoroborate or fluoroheteroborate anion, n ranges from 0.01 to 1000, a ranges from 0.01 to 2 and b ranges from 0 to 2, a and b are chosen to render the formula electrically neutral, and when b is greater than 0, the ratio of b to a is less than 100 to 1.
摘要:
An electrochemical device and a proton conducting medium for use in an electrochemical device having a proton conducting electrolyte comprising the formula: HaMbQ.nH2O where H is a proton, M is a cation, Q is the fluoroborate or fluoroheteroborate anion, n ranges from 0.01 to 1000, a ranges from 0.01 to 2 and b ranges from 0 to 2, a and b are chosen to render the formula electrically neutral, and when b is greater than 0, the ratio of b to a is less than 100 to 1.