摘要:
A method, apparatus and computer instructions is provided for fast semi-automatic semantic annotation. Given a limited annotated corpus, the present invention assigns a tag and a label to each word of the next limited annotated corpus using a parser engine, a similarity engine, and a SVM engine. A rover then combines the parse trees from the three engines and annotates the next chunk of limited annotated corpus with confidence, such that the efforts required for human annotation is reduced.
摘要:
A method, apparatus and computer instructions is provided for fast semi-automatic semantic annotation. Given a limited annotated corpus, the present invention assigns a tag and a label to each word of the next limited annotated corpus using a parser engine, a similarity engine, and a SVM engine. A rover then combines the parse trees from the three engines and annotates the next chunk of limited annotated corpus with confidence, such that the efforts required for human annotation is reduced.
摘要:
A method, apparatus and computer instructions is provided for fast semi-automatic semantic annotation. Given a limited annotated corpus, the present invention assigns a tag and a label to each word of the next limited annotated corpus using a parser engine, a similarity engine, and a SVM engine. A rover then combines the parse trees from the three engines and annotates the next chunk of limited annotated corpus with confidence, such that the efforts required for human annotation is reduced.
摘要:
A method of speech recognition, in accordance with the present invention includes the steps of grouping acoustics to form classes based on acoustic features, clustering training speakers by the classes to provide class-specific cluster systems, selecting from the cluster systems, a subset of cluster systems closest to adaptation data from a test speaker, transforming the subset of cluster systems to bring the subset of cluster systems closer to the test speaker based on the adaptation data to form adapted cluster systems and combining the adapted cluster systems to create a speaker adapted system for decoding speech from the test speaker. System and methods for building speech recognition systems as well as adapting speaker systems for class-specific speaker clusters are included.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are disclosed for training a pattern recognition system, such as a speech recognition system, using an improved objective function. The concept of rank likelihood, previously applied only to the decding process, is applied in a novel manner to the parameter estimation of the training phase of a pattern recognition system. The disclosed objective function is based on a pseudo-rank likelihood that not only maximizes the likelihood of an observation for the correct class, but also minimizes the likelihoods of the observation for all other classes, such that the discrimination between classes is maximized. A training process is disclosed that utilizes the pseudo-rank likelihood objective function to identify model parameters that will result in a pattern recognizer with the lowest possible recognition error rate. The discrete nature of the rank-based rank likelihood objective function is transformed to allow the parameter estimations to be optimized during the training phase.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for estimating the probability of phones, a-posteriori, in the context of not only the acoustic feature at that time, but also the acoustic features in the vicinity of the current time, and its use in cutting down the search-space in a speech recognition system. The method constructs and uses a decision tree, with the predictors of the decision tree being the vector-quantized acoustic feature vectors at the current time, and in the vicinity of the current time. The process starts with an enumeration of all (predictor, class) events in the training data at the root node, and successively partitions the data at a node according to the most informative split at that node. An iterative algorithm is used to design the binary partitioning. After the construction of the tree is completed, the probability distribution of the predicted class is stored at all of its terminal leaves. The decision tree is used during the decoding process by tracing a path down to one of its leaves, based on the answers to binary questions about the vector-quantized acoustic feature vector at the current time and its vicinity.
摘要:
When pitch of a speech segment is being modified from a current pitch to a requested pitch, and the difference between these is relatively large, a pitch modification algorithm is used to modify the pitch of the speech segment. When the difference between current and requested pitches is relatively small, the pitch of the speech segment is not modified. After one or the other speech modification techniques are used, then the resultant modified speech segment is overlapped and added to previously modified speech segments. A modification ratio is determined in order to quantify the difference between the current and requested pitches for a speech segment. The modification ratio is a ratio between the requested and current pitches. Low and high ratio thresholds are used to determine when pitch is being modified to a predetermined high degree, and whether pitch of the speech segment will or will not be modified.
摘要:
In a speech recognition system, the combination of a log-linear model with a multitude of speech features is provided to recognize unknown speech utterances. The speech recognition system models the posterior probability of linguistic units relevant to speech recognition using a log-linear model. The posterior model captures the probability of the linguistic unit given the observed speech features and the parameters of the posterior model. The posterior model may be determined using the probability of the word sequence hypotheses given a multitude of speech features. Log-linear models are used with features derived from sparse or incomplete data. The speech features that are utilized may include asynchronous, overlapping, and statistically non-independent speech features. Not all features used in training need to appear in testing/recognition.
摘要:
An automatic segmenter for continuous text segments such text in a rapid, consistent and semantically accurate manner. Two statistical methods for segmentation of continuous text are used. The first method, called "forward-backward matching", is easy and fast but can produce occasional errors in long phrases. The second method, called "statistical stack search segmenter", utilizes statistical language models to generate more accurate segmentation output at an expense of two times more execution time than the "forward-backward matching" method. In some applications where speed is a major concern, "forward-backward matching" can be used, while in other applications where highly accurate output is desired, "statistical stack search segmenter" is ideal.
摘要:
A technique for producing speech output in an automatic dialog system in accordance with a detected context is provided. Communication is received from a user at the automatic dialog system. A context of the communication from the user is detected in a context detector of the automatic dialog system. A message is created in a natural language generator of the automatic dialog system in communication with the context detector. The message is conveyed to the user through a speech synthesis system of the automatic dialog system, in communication with the natural language generator and the context detector. Responsive to a detected level of ambient noise, the context detector provides at least one command in a markup language to cause the natural language generator to create the message using maximally intelligible words and to cause the speech synthesis system to convey the message with increased volume and decreased speed.