公开(公告)号：US6029934A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-29

申请号：US392524

申请日：1999-09-09

申请人： Clifton L. Foster

发明人： Clifton L. Foster

IPC分类号： B60S3/00 ,  B64F5/00 ,  B64D15/00

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B60S3/002 ,  B64F5/0063

摘要： An apparatus for deicing aircraft includes a vehicle frame, such as part of a truck, and a boom having one end mounted on the vehicle frame and a free end. A compressor unit is supported by the boom and includes a motor having an output and a centrifugal compressor operatively connected to the motor output. A deicer air jet nozzle is located at the boom and operatively coupled to the air outlet of the centrifugal compressor for receiving air and discharging the air for a deicer application.

摘要翻译： 用于除冰飞机的装置包括诸如卡车的一部分的车架和具有安装在车架上的一端和自由端的吊杆。 压缩机单元由悬臂支撑并且包括具有可操作地连接到电动机输出的输出和离心式压缩机的电动机。 除冰空气喷嘴位于起重臂处并且可操作地联接到离心式压缩机的空气出口，用于接收空气并排出用于除冰机应用的空气。

公开(公告)号：US5850284A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-15

申请号：US487249

申请日：1995-06-13

申请人： Daniel Schoeffler ,  Howard Stern ,  Pat V. Costa

发明人： Daniel Schoeffler ,  Howard Stern ,  Pat V. Costa

IPC分类号： B64D15/20 ,  B64F5/00 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/88 ,  G08B19/02

CPC分类号： G08B19/02 ,  B64D15/20 ,  B64F5/0054 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/88 ,  G01N2021/8848

摘要： An apparatus for detecting a polarization altering substance, such as ice, on a surface includes a polarizing filter on the surface between the surface and the polarization altering substance. When the polarizing filter includes alternating regions having orthogonal polarizing properties, only one viewing of the surface through a blocking filter is required. When light, either polarized or unpolarized, reflects off the surface, it passes through the polarizing filter and becomes polarized. Reflected light that additionally passes through ice after leaving the polarizer becomes unpolarized. When viewed through a blocking polarizer filter, polarized light passing through ice appears bright due to the unpolarizing effect of ice. On the other hand, polarized light not passing through ice retains its polarization and appears dark when viewed through a blocking filter. Since the polarizing filter is between the surface and the viewer, the surface can be metallic, dielectric, or painted without affecting the results. If the proper blocking orientation for the viewer is not known in advance, the Stokes coefficients can be calculated if views are taken through a series of specified polarizing filters. The ratio of polarized light returned to the viewer compared to the unpolarized light returned to the viewer can then be calculated from any arbitrary position. A retroreflective substance on the surface further enhances the effect for systems employing an active illumination source located coaxially with or adjacent to the imaging system.

摘要翻译： 用于在表面上检测诸如冰的极化改变物质如冰的装置包括在表面和极化改变物质之间的表面上的偏振滤光器。 当偏振滤光器包括具有正交偏振特性的交替区域时，仅需要通过阻挡滤光器观察表面。 当偏振或非偏振的光从表面反射时，它通过偏振滤光片并变成极化的。 离开偏光片之后额外通过冰的反射光不被偏振。 当通过阻挡偏振器滤光器观察时，通过冰的偏振光由于冰的非偏振效应而变亮。 另一方面，当通过阻挡滤光片观察时，不通过冰的偏振光保持其极化并且看起来暗。 由于偏振滤光片位于表面和观察者之间，所以表面可以是金属的，电介质的或涂层的，而不影响结果。 如果预先不知道观察者的正确阻挡方向，则如果通过一系列指定的偏振滤光片进行视图，则可以计算斯托克斯系数。 然后可以从任何任意位置计算返回到观察者的偏振光与返回到观看者的非偏振光相比的比率。 表面上的回射物质进一步增强了使用与成像系统同轴或邻近的主动照明源的系统的效果。

公开(公告)号：US5541733A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-30

申请号：US373056

申请日：1995-01-17

申请人： Robert E. Gagnon

发明人： Robert E. Gagnon

IPC分类号： B64F5/00 ,  G01B11/06

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  G01B11/06

摘要： There is described a method and apparatus for detection and thickness evaluation of a buildup of a solid, e.g. ice, or liquid on a solid surface, such as ice on a body of an aircraft. The apparatus comprises a source of a narrow beam of radiation and a means for remote evaluation of the size of a luminous area created on the solid surface by the beam. The method of the invention involves measuring the size of the luminous area and determining the thickness of any built-up layer, if sufficiently transparent, using a formula which uses the dependency of the size of the luminous are on the thickness of the layer and the refraction index of the medium. Differentiation between ice and a liquid is possible by evaluating regularity of illumination of the luminous area.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于检测和测量固体的累积的方法和装置，例如， 冰或液体在固体表面上，例如飞机身上的冰。 该装置包括窄的辐射束源和用于远程评估由该光束在固体表面上产生的发光区域的尺寸的装置。 本发明的方法包括测量发光面积的大小并确定任何积层的厚度，如果足够透明，则使用使用发光体尺寸依赖性的公式对层的厚度和 介质的折射率。 通过评估发光区域的照明规律，冰和液体之间的分化是可能的。

公开(公告)号：US5490646A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-13

申请号：US84857

申请日：1993-06-28

申请人： E. Craig Shaw ,  Marlee Payne-Shaw

发明人： E. Craig Shaw ,  Marlee Payne-Shaw

IPC分类号： B25J5/00 ,  B64F5/00 ,  B64D15/00

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B25J5/005 ,  B64F5/0063

摘要： An aircraft maintenance robot (20) for maintaining aircraft surfaces is described, that includes a maintenance tool (228), for example a nozzle (78), conduits and a pump, which supply fluid to the maintenance tool, which sprays the fluid on aircraft surfaces; movable arm with rotatable hinges and wrists such that a manifold to which the maintenance tools are coupled may be positioned in response to control signals; and a processor which, after accounting for the position of the aircraft, the weather conditions, and the physical dimensions of the aircraft, generates the control signals used to position the maintenance tool such that, after positioning the aircraft, the maintenance operation may be performed without human intervention. The preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses the use of the maintenance robot (20) for deicing aircraft. A wide variety of interchangeable end effectors, however, may be used for a wide variety of applications. These may include various cleaning, painting, paint removing, and even firefighting applications.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于维持飞行器表面的飞行器维护机器人（20），其包括维护工具（228），例如喷嘴（78），导管和泵，其向维护工具供应流体，所述维护工具在飞机上喷射流体 表面 可移动臂具有可旋转的铰链和手腕，使得可以响应于控制信号来定位维修工具联接到的歧管; 以及处理器，在考虑到飞机的位置，天气状况和飞机的物理尺寸之后，生成用于定位维护工具的控制信号，使得在定位飞行器之后，可以执行维护操作 没有人为干预。 本发明的优选实施例公开了维护机器人（20）用于除冰飞机的应用。 然而，各种可互换的端部执行器可以用于各种各样的应用。 这些可能包括各种清洁，涂漆，除漆，甚至消防应用。

公开(公告)号：US5454533A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-03

申请号：US74605

申请日：1993-06-11

申请人： Andris P. Grant ,  Ian H. Rowe

发明人： Andris P. Grant ,  Ian H. Rowe

IPC分类号： B64F5/00 ,  B64D15/00

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B64F5/0018 ,  Y02P70/585

摘要： An aircraft servicing system comprises four robot arms mounted to the ground so as to form a lane with the base of two of the robot arms delineating one side of the lane and the base of the other two robots delineating the other side of the lane. The robot arms may assume a low position which allows an aircraft's wings to pass over the arms while the aircraft enters the lane between the arms. Thereafter, the arms may be moved so that a nozzle array at the end of each arm may de-ice or wash the aircraft. Subsequently, the arms may again assume a low position to allow the aircraft to leave the lane. Each robot arm has an elongated member connected to the base by a yaw joint, a first arm segment connected to the elongated member by a pitch joint, second arm segment connected to the first arm segment by a pitch joint, and a third arm segment connected to the second arm segment by a telescoping joint. This gives the arm the needed range of motion and provides one degree of redundancy so that the arm has some freedom of movement while the end effector is stationary in free-space. This allows the arm to be reconfigured as necessary, on a dynamic basis, so as to anticipate possible singularities and avoid these. The system has application for servicing other large structures, such as the hull of a dry docked ship.

摘要翻译： 飞机维修系统包括四个安装在地面上的机器人手臂，以形成一个车道，其中两个机器人手臂的基座描绘了车道的一侧，另外两个机器人的底座划分在车道的另一侧。 机器人手臂可能会采取一个低位置，当飞机进入双臂之间的车道时，飞行器的机翼能够越过臂。 此后，臂可以移动，使得在每个臂的端部处的喷嘴阵列可以去冰或洗涤飞行器。 随后，武器可能再次处于低位置，以允许飞机离开车道。 每个机器人臂具有通过偏转接头连接到基座的细长构件，通过节距接头连接到细长构件的第一臂段，通过节距接头连接到第一臂段的第二臂段和连接到第一臂段的第三臂段 通过伸缩接头连接到第二臂段。 这给了手臂所需的运动范围，并且提供一个度量的冗余度，使得臂具有一些移动自由度，而末端执行器在自由空间中是静止的。 这样可以在动态的基础上重新配置手臂，以便预测可能的奇异点并避免这些异常。 该系统适用于维修其他大型结构，如干船坞的船体。

公开(公告)号：US5330579A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-19

申请号：US923789

申请日：1992-09-21

申请人： J. Carroll Rushing ,  Donald E. Stanley

发明人： J. Carroll Rushing ,  Donald E. Stanley

IPC分类号： B44D3/16 ,  B64F5/00 ,  B08B13/00

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B44D3/16 ,  B64F5/0063 ,  Y10S15/02

摘要： An apparatus and method are provided for use in removal of coatings from airplanes and the like wherein such removal requires the application of a solvent composition for dissolving the coating such as paint, the solvent having a sufficiently high vapor pressure to be present in both a liquid phase and a gaseous vapor phase at stripping temperatures with the solvent in the vapor phase being lighter than the liquid phase and heavier than air, and the apparatus including a portable carriage, positionable beneath the airplane, a receptacle having spaced side walls and carried by the carriage, the side walls extending vertically upwardly, the receptacle further defining a receptacle bottom portion, the receptacle receiving spent solvent in both the liquid and the vapor phases after application of the solvent to the airplane surfaces and dissolution of the paint therein, the side walls directing the received spent solvent in both phases to the receptacle bottom portion such that vapor phase is trapped above the heavier liquid phase by the lighter air thereover, and an exhaust port located above the receptacle bottom portion for removing the vapor phase.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US90 / 01074 Sec。 371日期：1992年9月21日 102（e）日期1992年9月21日PCT提交1990年2月26日PCT公布。 公开号WO91 / 12906 1991年9月5日提供的装置和方法用于从飞机等中去除涂层，其中这种去除需要施加用于溶解涂层的溶剂组合物，例如涂料，溶剂具有足够高的蒸气压 在气相中的溶剂比液相轻且比空气重的存在于汽提温度下的液相和气态气相中，并且该装置包括可位于飞机下方的便携式支架，容器具有 间隔的侧壁并由托架承载，侧壁垂直向上延伸，容器还限定了容器底部部分，在将溶剂施加到飞机表面之后，该容器在液相和汽相中接收废溶剂， 其中的涂料，侧壁将接收到的废溶剂在两相中引导到容器底部部分 h，气相通过其上较轻的空气被捕获在较重的液相上方，以及位于容器底部部分上方的用于除去气相的排气口。

公开(公告)号：US4723733A

公开(公告)日：1988-02-09

申请号：US853124

申请日：1986-04-17

申请人： William McClinchy

发明人： William McClinchy

IPC分类号： B64F5/00 ,  B64D15/10

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B64F5/0063

摘要： A mobile aircraft deicer having a base unit, a boom connected to the base unit, a deicer nozzle connected to the free end of the boom, and a television camera connected to the deicer nozzle.

摘要翻译： 具有基座单元的移动式飞机除冰机，连接到基座的起重臂，连接到起重臂的自由端的除冰机喷嘴以及连接到除冰机喷嘴的电视摄像机。

公开(公告)号：US4651927A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-24

申请号：US678556

申请日：1984-11-20

申请人： Godtfred Vestergaard

发明人： Godtfred Vestergaard

IPC分类号： B05B7/24 ,  B05B7/26 ,  B05B7/32 ,  B05B9/03 ,  B64D15/10 ,  B64F5/00 ,  B05B7/00 ,  A01G25/09 ,  A62C31/00 ,  A62C31/30

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B05B12/1418 ,  B05B7/32 ,  B64F5/0063

摘要： A plant for de-icing especially surfaces of aeroplanes, comprising the use of at least two sources (10, 12) of liquid media that are different from each other and capable of being sprayed separately or as a mixture, comprising a number of positive liquid pumps (16, 22) corresponding to the number of media, which pumps all have the same capacity or a predetermined interrelated capacity ratio and terminate in a common spray pipe (24). The connection of the liquid pumps to the sources includes at least one of the sources to at least one of the liquid pumps. In a hydraulic system comprising hydraulic motors (56, 52) for driving the liquid pumps (16, 22) at least two of motors are connected to a common hydraulic pressure pump (32) controlled by way of pressure compensation (33) to work with at least two pressure stages subject to a ratio corresponding to that of the capacity of at least one liquid pump to the total capacity of both liquid pumps. In such a plant the compostion of the spray liquid to be dispensed is determined solely by the capacity of the liquid pumps, thereby eliminating any throttling effects which may cause the de-icing medium to coagulate.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DK84 / 00020 Sec。 1984日期1984年11月20日 102（e）1984年11月20日日期PCT提交1984年3月20日PCT公布。 公开号WO84 / 03644 日期：1984年9月27日。一种用于除冰，特别是飞机表面的设备，其包括使用彼此不同并能够单独喷射或作为混合物的至少两种液体介质源（10,12） 包括多个对应于介质数量的正液体泵（16,22），所述多个泵都具有相同的容量或预定的相互关联的容量比并且终止在共同的喷管（24）中。 液体泵与源的连接包括至少一个液体泵的源中的至少一个。 在包括用于驱动液体泵（16,22）的液压马达（56,52）的液压系统中，至少两个马达连接到通过压力补偿（33）控制的公共液压泵（32），以与 至少两个压力级受到与至少一个液体泵的容量相对应于两个液体泵的总容量的比率。 在这种植物中，要分配的喷雾液体的组合仅由液体泵的容量确定，从而消除可能导致除冰介质凝结的任何节流效应。

公开(公告)号：US06069565A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-30

申请号：US169619

申请日：1998-10-09

申请人： Howard Stern ,  John Schaefer ,  Fereydoun Maali

发明人： Howard Stern ,  John Schaefer ,  Fereydoun Maali

IPC分类号： B64D15/20 ,  B64F5/00 ,  G08B19/02

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B64D15/20 ,  G08B19/02

摘要： A presence of a polarization altering substance on a specular surface is detected by transmitting light from a single strobed light source to the surface over a transmitting path and receiving the transmitted light from the surface. An intensity of the light is measured in both an optical non-isolator state and an isolator state by a same detector by delaying the non-isolated return light for a definite period of time before measuring it with the detector. The measured isolated and non-isolated intensities are converted to logarithmic form, range corrected, and compared to reference data established for the specific specular surface being investigated to detect the presence or absence of the polarization altering substance. Attenuation and backscattering effects of scattering and/or absorbing interference in the transmitted light are compensated so that the reference table is entered at the correct point. Using different intensities of transmitted light increases the dynamic range of the system.

摘要翻译： 通过将光从单个选通的光源传输到透射路径上的表面并接收来自表面的透射光来检测镜面上的偏振改变物质的存在。 在用检测器测量之前，通过将非隔离返回光延迟一定时间段，通过相同的检测器在光学非隔离器状态和隔离器状态下测量光的强度。 测量的孤立和非隔离强度被转换为对数形式，范围校正，并与为正在研究的特定镜面建立的参考数据进行比较，以检测偏振改变物质的存在或不存在。 散射和/或吸收干涉在透射光中的衰减和后向散射效应被补偿，使得参考表在正确的点被输入。 使用不同强度的透射光增加了系统的动态范围。

公开(公告)号：US6038781A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US268959

申请日：1999-03-16

申请人： Timothy Patrick McElroy ,  Christopher Patrick McElroy ,  Lucian G. McElroy

发明人： Timothy Patrick McElroy ,  Christopher Patrick McElroy ,  Lucian G. McElroy

IPC分类号： B64F5/00 ,  F26B7/00

CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 ,  B64F5/0063

摘要： The assembly includes a plurality of flexible and inflatable bags 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 56 and 58, each having a rectangular cross section with an open end for receiving air from various ducts 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 62 and 66, and extending vertically to a nozzle end 52. A plurality of first starboard bags 43 overlap a plurality of second starboard bags 44 in the horizontal direction and a plurality of first port bags 46 overlap a plurality of second port bags 47 in the horizontal direction. Also, the second starboard 44 and port 47 bags are spaced downstream from the first 43 starboard and port 46 bags. The nozzles 52 of the first starboard bags 43 are disposed in a first horizontal V.sub.a. -shape in relationship with the first port bags 46 to direct the emitting air in the emitting planes rearwardly and outwardly on each side of the aircraft 10 to move deicing material outwardly and rearwardly over the wings 12 and 14 and the nozzles 52 of the second starboard 44 and port 47 bags are disposed in a second horizontal V.sub.b -shape with each other to direct the emitting air in the emitting planes rearwardly and outwardly from the aircraft 10 to move deicing material outwardly and rearwardly over the wings from the first starboard 43 and port 46 bags. Three third starboard bags 45 are aligned horizontally with three third port bags 48 and downstream of the second starboard 44 and port 47 bags. A plurality of starboard 56 and port 58 are disposed close together for removing deicing material from the horizontal stabilizer of the aircraft.

摘要翻译： 组件包括多个柔性和可充气的袋子43,44,45,46,47,48,56和58，每个袋子具有矩形横截面，开口端用于从各种管道30,32,34,36,36接收空气， 38,40,62和66，并且垂直地延伸到喷嘴端52.多个第一右舷行李箱43在水平方向上与多个第二右舷行李箱44重叠，并且多个第一口袋46与多个第二端口 袋47在水平方向。 此外，第二右舷44和47口袋与第一个43右舷和46个行李箱的下游隔开。 第一右舷行李箱43的喷嘴52与第一端口袋46相关地设置成第一水平的Va.形状，以便在飞机10的每一侧向后和向外引导发射平面中的排放空气，以移动除冰材料 向上和向后在翼12和14之上，并且第二右舷44和端口47的喷嘴52袋彼此相邻地设置成第二水平的Vb形状，以将飞行器10的向后和向外的发射平面中的排出空气引导 以从第一右舷43和46口袋向外和向后移动除冰材料。 三个第三右舷行李箱45与三个第三口袋48水平对准，第二右舷44和47个袋子的下游。 多个右舷56和端口58靠近放置，用于从飞机的水平稳定器上除去除冰材料。