公开(公告)号：US06611150B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-26

申请号：US09282825

申请日：1999-03-31

Applicant: William D. Stevens

Inventor： William D. Stevens

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R31/025

Abstract: A leakage detector includes a receiver front end having an input for connection with an antenna and a signal path including circuitry for passing a signal from the input without amplification; an IF stage connected with the receiver front end for producing an IF signal therefrom; a detector for producing an AM detected output signal in response to the IF signal; a leak processor for passing only a synchronizing signal of the AM detected output signal, along with harmonic frequencies of the synchronizing signal and DC signals, the synchronizing signal having a peak level, and the signal processor providing an output corresponding to the peak level of the synchronizing signal of the AM detected output signal; a display; and a processing unit connected with the leak processor and the display for displaying leakage data in response to the output signal from the leak processor.

Abstract translation: 漏电检测器包括具有用于与天线连接的输入的接收器前端和包括用于在没有放大的情况下传递来自输入的信号的电路的信号路径; 与接收器前端连接的IF级，用于从其产生IF信号; 用于响应于IF信号产生AM检测的输出信号的检测器; 泄漏处理器，用于仅通过AM检测输出信号的同步信号以及同步信号和DC信号的谐波频率，具有峰值电平的同步信号，并且信号处理器提供对应于峰值电平的输出 AM检测输出信号的同步信号; 一个显示器 以及与泄漏处理器和显示器连接的处理单元，用于响应于来自泄漏处理器的输出信号显示泄漏数据。

公开(公告)号：US06442495B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09383181

申请日：1999-08-25

Applicant: Arthur Fleming-Dahl

Inventor： Arthur Fleming-Dahl

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: H04L1/20 ,  H04B17/23 ,  H04B17/336 ,  H04B17/391

Abstract: The present invention is a system and method of use for a computer-implemented signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) estimation process for aiding in signal demodulation and message recovery or as an indication of recovered message fidelity. The SNR estimator produces estimates of the true channel SNR and tracks changes in the channel noise power over time. It operates on a collection of received data probability density functions (PDFs), either contained in closed form equations or stored in lookup tables. It allows for the estimation of both the instantaneous and average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values.

Abstract translation: 本发明是用于辅助信号解调和消息恢复的计算机实现的信噪比（SNR）估计过程的系统和方法，或者作为恢复的消息保真度的指示。 SNR估计器产生真实信道SNR的估计，并跟踪信道噪声功率随时间的变化。 它采用收集的数据概率密度函数（PDF）的集合，包含在闭式方程式中或存储在查找表中。 它允许估计瞬时和平均信噪比（SNR）值。

公开(公告)号：US06184693B2

公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

申请号：US09112365

申请日：1998-07-09

Applicant: Kenichi Arai ,  Masahiro Yamaguchi ,  Shin Yabukami ,  Atsushi Itagaki ,  Mitsuharu Watanabe ,  Kiichi Itagaki ,  Noboru Saito ,  Koichi Fuda ,  Hiroshi Takahashi ,  Takashi Tamogami ,  Yukio Sakurada

Inventor： Kenichi Arai ,  Masahiro Yamaguchi ,  Shin Yabukami ,  Atsushi Itagaki ,  Mitsuharu Watanabe ,  Kiichi Itagaki ,  Noboru Saito ,  Koichi Fuda ,  Hiroshi Takahashi ,  Takashi Tamogami ,  Yukio Sakurada

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R31/002 ,  G01R29/0814

Abstract: A first substrate having a first electromagnetic noise sensor on its surface perpendicularly intersects with a second substrate having a second electromagnetic noise sensor on its surface, making up an integral structure. A first induced voltage value output from the first electromagnetic sensor at a position thereof directly before driving by a driving means is recorded, and a second induced voltage value output from the second electromagnetic noise sensor at a position thereof at a time of movement of the integral structure for only a predetermined distance by a driving means is recorded. Further, the first and second electromagnetic noise sensors are parallel connected at the position of movement, and a third induced voltage value output from a parallel connected electromagnetic noise sensor is also recorded. Based on the recorded first and second voltage values, an electromagnetic noise level in a vicinity of the integral substrate is determined. The first and second induced voltage values are compared, and based on comparison of the first and second induced voltage values, and whether a larger voltage value from among the first and second voltage values is larger than the third voltage value, a direction of an electromagnetic noise generating source in the vicinity of the integral substrate is computationally determined. The determined electromagnetic noise level and direction of the electromagnetic noise generating source are displayed at a position on a display device corresponding with a position of the first electromagnetic noise sensor.

Abstract translation: 第一基板，其表面上具有第一电磁噪声传感器，其表面垂直地与具有第二电磁噪声传感器的第二基板相交，构成一体结构。 记录从驱动装置驱动前的位置处的第一电磁传感器输出的第一感应电压值，以及从第二电磁噪声传感器输出的第二感应电压值，该第二感应电压值在积分时移动时的位置 记录通过驱动装置仅预定距离的结构。 此外，第一和第二电磁噪声传感器在运动位置处并联，并且还记录了从并联的电磁噪声传感器输出的第三感应电压值。 基于记录的第一和第二电压值，确定整体基板附近的电磁噪声电平。 比较第一和第二感应电压值，并且基于第一和第二感应电压值的比较，以及第一和第二电压值中的较大电压值是否大于第三电压值，电磁方向 计算确定在一体基板附近的噪声发生源。 所确定的电磁噪声发生源的电磁噪声水平和方向被显示在对应于第一电磁噪声传感器的位置的显示装置上的位置处。

公开(公告)号：US06735538B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-11

申请号：US09538186

申请日：2000-03-29

Applicant: Takahiro Yamaguchi ,  Masahiro Ishida ,  Mani Soma

Inventor： Takahiro Yamaguchi ,  Masahiro Ishida ,  Mani Soma

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R29/26

Abstract: A clock signal xc(t) that has been converted into a digital signal is transformed into a complex analytic signal zc(t), and an instantaneous phase &THgr; of the zc(t) is estimated. A linear phase is removed from the &THgr; to obtain a phase noise waveform &Dgr;&phgr;(t). The &Dgr;&phgr;(t) is sampled at a timing close to a zero crossing timing of the xc(t) to extract the &Dgr;&phgr;(t) sample. A root-mean-square value &sgr;t of the &Dgr;&phgr;(t) samples is obtained, and a differential waveform of the extracted &Dgr;&phgr;(t) samples is also obtained to obtain a period jitter Jp. Then a root-mean-square value &sgr;p of the Jp is obtained to calculate a correlation coefficient &rgr;tt=1−(&sgr;p2/(2&sgr;t2)). If necessary, an SNRt=&rgr;tt2/(1−&rgr;tt2) is obtained. The &rgr;tt and/or the SNRt is defined as a quality measure of a clock signal.

Abstract translation: 已经转换成数字信号的时钟信号xc（t）被变换成复分析信号zc（t），并估计zc（t）的瞬时相位θta。 从Theta去除线性相位以获得相位噪声波形Deltaphi（t）。 在接近xc（t）的零交叉定时的定时采样Deltaphi（t），以提取Deltaphi（t）样本。 获得Deltaphi（t）样本的均方根sigmat，并且还获得提取的Deltaphi（t）样本的差分波形以获得周期抖动Jp。 然后获得Jp的均方根sigmap以计算相关系数rhott = 1-（sigmap <2> /（2sigmat <2>））。 如果需要，获得SNRt = rhott2 /（1-rhott2）。 rhott和/或SNRt被定义为时钟信号的质量测量。

公开(公告)号：US06693439B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US09672942

申请日：2000-09-28

Applicant: Zhihong Liu ,  Kwok Kwong Hung ,  Hancheng Liang

Inventor： Zhihong Liu ,  Kwok Kwong Hung ,  Hancheng Liang

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R29/26

Abstract: An exemplary system for measuring noise in a device comprises a CPU, a memory coupled to the CPU, an interface coupled to the CPU for providing instructions processed by the CPU, a control unit coupled to the interface for receiving the instructions, a preamplifier circuit coupled to the control unit for implementing the instructions, a power supply unit controlled by the control unit for providing power to the preamplifier circuit, and a device holder selectively attached to the preamplifier circuit. In an exemplary embodiment, the preamplifier circuit further comprises a plurality of filters, an amplifier circuit, a plurality of switches for switching the amplifier circuit between a voltage amplifier mode and a current amplifier mode, and a variable loading resistor.

Abstract translation: 用于测量设备中的噪声的示例性系统包括CPU，耦合到CPU的存储器，耦合到CPU的接口，用于提供由CPU处理的指令;耦合到接口的控制单元，用于接收指令;前置放大器电路耦合 用于实现指令的控制单元，由控制单元控制的用于向前置放大器电路提供电力的电源单元和选择性地附接到前置放大器电路的设备保持器。 在示例性实施例中，前置放大器电路还包括多个滤波器，放大器电路，用于在电压放大器模式和电流放大器模式之间切换放大器电路的多个开关和可变负载电阻器。

公开(公告)号：US06529859B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09411015

申请日：1999-10-01

Applicant: Alper Demir ,  Jaijeet Shankar Roychowdhury

Inventor： Alper Demir ,  Jaijeet Shankar Roychowdhury

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: H03B1/00 ,  H03B2200/009

Abstract: The phase noise of an oscillator described by a known set of differential algebraic equations (DAEs) can be predicted by a) finding the steady state waveform of the oscillator, e.g., by using harmonic balance techniques or so-called “shooting” techniques, either of which involves developing a mathematical quantity known as the augmented Jacobian matrix; b) solving a prescribed linear system of equations that uses the augmented Jacobian matrix, the solution being called a perturbation projection vector (PPV), c) plotting a graph of the phase noise of the oscillator as a Lorentzian function of the solution of the prescribed linear system of equations. The prescribed linear system of equations which is used is the system of equations formed by setting a matrix product equal to a unit vector.

Abstract translation: 通过已知的一组微分代数方程（DAE）描述的振荡器的相位噪声可以通过以下方式来预测：a）找到振荡器的稳态波形，例如通过使用谐波平衡技术或所谓的“拍摄”技术 其中包括开发一种称为增强雅可比矩阵的数学量; b）求解使用增强雅可比矩阵的规定的线性方程组，该解被称为扰动投影向量（PPV），c）将振荡器的相位噪声的图形绘制为规定的解的洛伦兹函数 线性方程组。 使用的规定的线性方程组是通过设置等于单位矢量的矩阵乘积形成的方程组。

公开(公告)号：US06313647B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-06

申请号：US09436586

申请日：1999-11-09

Applicant: Zhu Feng ,  Chiu-Shing Frank Poon ,  Tan Guo Liu ,  Vidya Gubbi ,  Chung Yuang Shih

Inventor： Zhu Feng ,  Chiu-Shing Frank Poon ,  Tan Guo Liu ,  Vidya Gubbi ,  Chung Yuang Shih

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R27/02 ,  G11B5/012 ,  G11B5/488 ,  G11B33/10

Abstract: Disclosed is anew technique for measuring the resistivity of ultra-thin carbon films (less than 200 Å). The technique involves using a probe with very smooth surface, a thin layer lubricant (20-30Å)that enables the intimate and stable electrical contact between probe and the thin film, and measurement of I-V curve to determine resistance. Resistivity measurements were conducted on carbon films doped with hydrogen and nitrogen at different mixture ratios and different thicknesses, and the results were compared with those obtained on a commercially available machine that uses a mercury probe. The advantages of the present technique include simple in use, less expensive and quick measurements with reasonably good accuracy.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于测量超薄碳膜（小于200埃）的电阻率的新技术。 该技术涉及使用具有非常光滑表面的探针，薄层润滑剂（20-30Å），使得探针和薄膜之间的紧密和稳定的电接触，以及测量I-V曲线以确定电阻。 对以不同混合比和不同厚度掺杂氢和氮的碳膜进行电阻率测量，并将结果与​​使用汞探针的市售机器上获得的结果进行比较。 本技术的优点包括使用简单，成本低廉且测量精度高，测量精度高。

公开(公告)号：US06710605B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

申请号：US10003491

申请日：2001-11-01

Applicant: Benjamin Tang ,  Keith Nelson Bassett

Inventor： Benjamin Tang ,  Keith Nelson Bassett

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R31/3193

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting the presence of a valid signal includes an offset generator coupled to a pair of data slicers and an XOR gate. The offset generator is configured to both add and subtract a predetermined voltage to an input voltage in its two outputs. The two outputs of the offset generator are both compared to a predetermined value in a pair of data slicers. If the outputs of the data slicers are the same (i.e., either both offset signals are positive or both are negative), then a valid signal is indicated.

Abstract translation: 用于检测有效信号的存在的装置和方法包括耦合到一对数据限幅器和异或门的偏移发生器。 偏移发生器被配置为在其两个输出中将预定电压加到和减去输入电压。 偏移发生器的两个输出都与一对数据限幅器中的预定值相比较。 如果数据限幅器的输出相同（即两个偏移信号均为正或两者为负），则指示有效信号。

公开(公告)号：US06650124B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US09972468

申请日：2001-10-05

Applicant: Hans-Ueli Roeck

Inventor： Hans-Ueli Roeck

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R23/20 ,  H04R25/453

Abstract: In order to check an occurrence of a signal component in an input signal, a method and a device is provided. The method comprises the steps of generating a measure for the frequency of the input signal from the input signal, determining a variance of the measure for the frequency of the input signal, comparing the determined variance with a predetermined limit value, and confirming the occurrence of the signal components if the variance lies within a predetermined range in relation to the predetermined limit value. The occurrence of a signal component in an input signal can be determined very fast and by performing only a few steps. Therefore, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can very well be used in particular in mobile devices, as for example in hearing devices.

Abstract translation: 为了检查输入信号中的信号分量的发生，提供了一种方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：从输入信号产生输入信号频率的测量值，确定输入信号频率的测量方差，将所确定的方差与预定极限值进行比较，并确认发生 如果偏差相对于预定极限值处于预定范围内，则信号分量。 可以非常快速地确定输入信号中的信号分量的发生，并且仅通过执行几个步骤。 因此，根据本发明的方法和根据本发明的装置可以非常好地用于移动设备中，例如在听觉设备中。

公开(公告)号：US06498498B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-24

申请号：US09891656

申请日：2001-06-27

Applicant: Noel Menezes ,  Florentin Dartu

Inventor： Noel Menezes ,  Florentin Dartu

IPC: G01R2926

CPC classification number: G01R29/26

Abstract: A method and apparatus for frequency domain noise analysis that uses moment matching techniques and reciprocity to provide efficient noise analysis without the need for one analysis per attacker and without resorting to pruning techniques and their concommitant error.

Abstract translation: 用于频域噪声分析的方法和装置，其使用时刻匹配技术和互易性来提供有效的噪声分析，而不需要对每个攻击者进行一次分析，而不采用修剪技术及其并发误差。