Abstract:
In one embodiment, a magnetron apparatus includes an essentially flat target having a low height-to-width ratio. The essentially flat target may be planar, dish-shaped, or stepped-shape, for example. A main magnet is located behind the flat target to provide main magnetic fields. Magnets located near the target and underneath a substrate may be configured to maintain a high density plasma and to control the flow of plasma onto the substrate.
Abstract:
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the ion-beam apparatus takes the form of a gridless ion source with a hot-filament cathode-neutralizer, in which the hot filament is heated with a current from the cathode-neutralizer heater. The cathode-neutralizer is connected to the negative terminal of the discharge supply for the gridless ion source. This connection is substantially isolated from ground (the potential of the surrounding vacuum chamber, which is usually at earth ground) and its potential is measured relative to ground. The heater current to the cathode-neutralizer is controlled by adjusting it so as to maintain this potential in a narrow operating range. This control can be manual or automatic.
Abstract:
A long life microwave electrodeless discharge lamp apparatus capable of preventing the generation of noise. The microwave electrodeless discharge lamp apparatus includes a magnetron having a magnetron tube and a yoke that surrounds the magnetron tube, a container housing at least the magnetron tube, a waveguide in which microwaves oscillated by the magnetron are propagated, an electrodeless discharge tube sealing luminescent materials excited by the microwaves to emit light, wherein a space surrounded by the yoke is communicated with the inside of the container, and wherein a fluid is sealed in the container. Thus, the magnetron tube is in a state in which it is immersed in the fluid.