公开(公告)号：US5475228A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-12

申请号：US345079

申请日：1994-11-28

Applicant: Jose C. Palathingal

Inventor： Jose C. Palathingal

IPC: H05H1/00 ,  H01J47/18

CPC classification number: H01J37/3045 ,  H01J37/244 ,  H05H1/0081 ,  H01J2237/24507

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring an electrically charged particle pulse includes at least one coil defining an opening therethrough. The coil generates a bipolar signal responsive to the electrically charged particle pulse passing through the opening, and the bipolar signal comprises a first portion having a first polarity and a second portion having a second polarity. Unipolar blocking diode connected to the coil passes the first portion of the bipolar signal having a first polarity and blocks the second portion of the bipolar signal having the second polarity. Monitoring Device connected to the unipolar blocking diode generates an output signal representative of a predetermined characteristic of the particle based upon the first portion of the bipolar signal which is passed by the unipolar blocking diode. In a preferred embodiment, the coil has a toroidal shape and comprises a plurality of windings electrically connected in parallel, and each of these windings comprises a plurality of conductive loops. The apparatus may also comprise a series of coils arranged so as to define a predetermined path for passage of the electrically charged particle through each respective opening of each respective coil.

Abstract translation: 用于监测带电粒子脉冲的装置包括限定穿过其中的开口的至少一个线圈。 线圈产生响应通过开口的带电粒子脉冲的双极信号，双极性信号包括具有第一极性的第一部分和具有第二极性的第二部分。 连接到线圈的单极阻塞二极管通过具有第一极性的双极性信号的第一部分并且阻挡具有第二极性的双极性信号的第二部分。 连接到单极阻塞二极管的监控装置基于由单极阻塞二极管通过的双极性信号的第一部分产生表示粒子的预定特性的输出信号。 在优选实施例中，线圈具有环形形状并且包括并联电连接的多个绕组，并且这些绕组中的每一个包括多个导电环路。 该装置还可以包括一系列线圈，其布置成限定用于使带电粒子通过每个相应线圈的每个相应开口的预定路径。

公开(公告)号：US4654531A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-31

申请号：US702751

申请日：1985-02-19

Applicant: Christopher L. Morris ,  George C. Idzorek ,  Leroy G. Atencio

Inventor： Christopher L. Morris ,  George C. Idzorek ,  Leroy G. Atencio

IPC: G01T1/185 ,  H01J47/06 ,  H01J47/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/062 ,  G01T1/185

Abstract: A gated strip proportional detector includes a gas tight chamber which encloses a solid ground plane, a wire anode plane, a wire gating plane, and a multiconductor cathode plane. The anode plane amplifies the amount of charge deposited in the chamber by a factor of up to 10.sup.6. The gating plane allows only charge within a narrow strip to reach the cathode. The cathode plane collects the charge allowed to pass through the gating plane on a set of conductors perpendicular to the open-gated region. By scanning the open-gated region across the chamber and reading out the charge collected on the cathode conductors after a suitable integration time for each location of the gate, a two-dimensional image of the intensity of the ionizing radiation incident on the detector can be made.

Abstract translation: 选通条带比例检测器包括封闭固体接地平面的气密室，线阳极平面，电线门控平面和多导体阴极平面。 阳极平面将沉积在腔室中的电荷量放大到高达106.该门控平面仅允许在窄带内的电荷到达阴极。 阴极平面在垂直于开放门控区域的一组导体上收集允许通过选通平面的电荷。 通过扫描室上的开门区域，并且在栅极的每个位置的合适的积分时间之后读出在阴极导体上收集的电荷，入射在检测器上的电离辐射的强度的二维图像可以是 制作。

公开(公告)号：US5489780A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-06

申请号：US333529

申请日：1994-11-02

Applicant: Peter J. Diamondis

Inventor： Peter J. Diamondis

IPC: G01N23/00 ,  G01T1/178 ,  G01J5/10 ,  G01N23/10 ,  G01V5/00 ,  H01J47/18

CPC classification number: G01T1/178 ,  G01N23/00 ,  Y10S250/02

Abstract: A radon detector employs an electrically charged pressed, porous metal filter that allows radon gas diffusion, while blocking ambient light, so that it readily traps both attached and unattached Po-214 and Po-218 ions, that may be present in gas passing through the filter, the filter being charged positively relative to an unbiased PN junction of a photodiode detector within a detection chamber. As a consequence, radon daughter products are prevented from corrupting the radon measurement. Since no voltage differential is applied across its PN junction, the photodiode detector operates in a photovoltaic mode, which avoids the problem of Schottky noise, producing low amplitude current pulses, which are amplified, passband filtered, and thresholded to provide well-defined pulses that are counted over a given measurement interval and converted to radon concentration in terms of picocuries per liter.

Abstract translation: 氡探测器采用带电荷的多孔金属过滤器，其能够阻挡环境光，同时阻挡环境光的氡气扩散，从而易于捕获附着和未附着的Po-214和Po-218离子，这些离子可能存在于通过 过滤器相对于检测室内的光电二极管检测器的无偏压PN结正向地充电。 因此，防止氡子产物腐蚀氡气测量。 由于在其PN结上没有施加电压差，所以光电二极管检测器工作在光伏模式，这避免了肖​​特基噪声的问题，产生了低振幅电流脉冲，其被放大，通带滤波和阈值以提供明确定义的脉冲， 在给定的测量间隔内进行计数，并以每公升皮克换算为氡浓度。

公开(公告)号：US4691108A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-01

申请号：US834262

申请日：1986-02-27

Applicant: Douglas S. Steele

Inventor： Douglas S. Steele

IPC: G01T1/185 ,  A61B6/03 ,  H01J47/02 ,  H01J47/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/02

Abstract: In an invention detector having an array of detectors, grounding pads are positioned in the spaces between some detectors (data detectors) and other detectors (reference detectors). The grounding pads are kept at zero electric potential, i.e., grounded. The grounding serves to (1) drain away electrons and thereby prevent an unwanted accumulation of charge in the spaces, and (2) cause the electric field lines to be more perpendicular to the detectors in regions near the grounding pads.

Abstract translation: 在具有检测器阵列的发明检测器中，接地垫位于一些检测器（数据检测器）和其它检测器（参考检测器）之间的空间中。 接地焊盘保持在零电位，即接地。 接地用于（1）排出电子，从而防止电荷在空间中的不期望的积累，和（2）使电场线在接地焊盘附近的区域中与检测器更垂直。

公开(公告)号：US4465933A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-14

申请号：US363201

申请日：1982-03-29

Applicant: Victor Perez-Mendez ,  Terrence A. Mulera

Inventor： Victor Perez-Mendez ,  Terrence A. Mulera

IPC: G01T1/29 ,  H01J47/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/18 ,  G01T1/2935

Abstract: A wire chamber radiation detector (11) has spaced apart parallel electrodes (16) and grids (17, 18, 19) defining an ignition region (21) in which charged particles (12) or other ionizing radiations initiate brief localized avalanche discharges (93) and defining an adjacent memory region (22) in which sustained glow discharges (94) are initiated by the primary discharges (93). Conductors (29, 32) of the grids (18, 19) at each side of the memory section (22) extend in orthogonal directions enabling readout of the X-Y coordinates of locations at which charged particles (12) were detected by sequentially transmitting pulses to the conductors (29) of one grid (18) while detecting transmissions of the pulses to the orthogonal conductors (36) of the other grid (19) through glow discharges (94). One of the grids (19) bounding the memory region (22) is defined by an array of conductive elements (32) each of which is connected to the associated readout conductor (36) through a separate resistance (37). The wire chamber (11) avoids ambiguities and imprecisions in the readout of coordinates when large numbers of simultaneous or near simultaneous charged particles (12) have been detected. Down time between detection periods and the generation of radio frequency noise are also reduced.

Abstract translation: 线室辐射检测器（11）具有间隔开的平行电极（16）和网格（17,18,19），其限定点火区域（21），其中带电粒子（12）或其他电离辐射引发短暂的局部雪崩放电（93 ）并且限定其中持续辉光放电（94）由初级放电（93）启动的相邻存储器区域（22）。 在存储部分（22）的每一侧的格栅（18,19）的导体（29,32）在正交方向上延伸，使得能够通过顺序地发送脉冲来读出检测带电粒子（12）的位置的XY坐标 一个电网（18）的导体（29）通过辉光放电（94）检测到另一电网（19）的正交导体（36）的脉冲传输。 限定存储区域（22）的一个栅极（19）由导电元件阵列（32）限定，每个导体元件通过单独的电阻（37）连接到相关读出导体（36）。 当检测到大量同时或近似同时带电的微粒（12）时，线室（11）避免了坐标读出中的模糊和不精确。 检测周期之间的下降时间和无线电频率噪声的产生也减少。

公开(公告)号：US4200790A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-29

申请号：US972453

申请日：1978-12-22

Applicant: Kei-Hsiung Yang ,  Jack D. Kingsley

Inventor： Kei-Hsiung Yang ,  Jack D. Kingsley

IPC: H01J47/14 ,  G03G15/054 ,  G03G15/22 ,  H01J47/18 ,  H04N5/32 ,  G03B41/16

CPC classification number: G03G15/0545

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ion-valve radiography, utilizing a high-pressure gaseous material for conversion of differentially-absorbed X-radiation into electrostatic charge images, utilizes a closed chamber and a charge-image-receiving mesh structure movable between an ion source and ion detection means, to provide direct charge readout without requiring opening of the imaging chamber.

Abstract translation: 用于离子瓣膜摄影的方法和装置利用高压气态材料将差异吸收的X射线转换为静电荷图像，利用封闭腔室和电荷图像接收网格结构，其在离子源和 离子检测装置，以提供直接的电荷读出而不需要打开成像室。