公开(公告)号：WO03021973A3

公开(公告)日：2003-10-09

申请号：PCT/US0228048

申请日：2002-08-30

Applicant: BERMAI INC

Inventor： CHEN YING ,  BRICKNER BARRETT J

IPC: G06F17/14 ,  H04K1/10 ,  H04L27/28

CPC classification number: G06F17/142

Abstract: A wireless communication technique enables fast Fourier transfonns (FFTs) and inverse fast Fourier transfonns (IFFTs) to be perfonned with reduced latency and reduced memory requirements. In particular, an FFT/IFFT unit (36) receives input data representative of a communication symbol. The FFT/IFFT unit (36) applies an FFT operation to the input data to generate intermediate data. The FFT/IFFT unit (36) stores the intermediate data in a random access memory (RAM) (70). The intermediate data stored in the RAM (70) may override data used as input to the FFT operation. The FFT/IFFT unit (36) selectively addresses the RAM (70)to retrieve the intermediate data in a desired output order. For example, the FFT/IFFT unit (36) may output the intermeediate data in the same sequential order as the FFT/IFFT unit (36) received the input data.

Abstract translation: 无线通信技术能够实现快速傅里叶变换（FFT）和快速傅里叶逆变换（IFFT），从而降低延迟并减少内存需求。 特别地，FFT / IFFT单元（36）接收表示通信符号的输入数据。 FFT / IFFT单元（36）对输入数据进行FFT运算以产生中间数据。 FFT / IFFT单元（36）将中间数据存储在随机存取存储器（RAM）（70）中。 存储在RAM（70）中的中间数据可以覆盖用作FFT操作的输入的数据。 FFT / IFFT单元（36）选择性地寻址RAM（70）以按期望的输出顺序检索中间数据。 例如，FFT / IFFT单元（36）可以以与FFT / IFFT单元（36）接收到输入数据相同的顺序输出相互间的数据。

公开(公告)号：WO2003017605A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-27

申请号：PCT/US2002/026024

申请日：2002-08-15

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： KIM, Younggyun ,  MOON, Jaekyun

IPC: H04L25/00

CPC classification number: H04L27/2662 ,  H04L25/03159 ,  H04L27/2657 ,  H04L27/2676 ,  H04L2025/03414

Abstract: Digital communication signals that encode information in the phase may be susceptible to phase error from many sources. The invention corrects for carrier and sampling phase errors generated by a set of loop filters and VCOs (50 and 54), respectively, using a phase correction circuit (42). A digital phase locked loop (30) simultaneously tracks the carrier phase error and the sampling phase error and corrects the signal in the frequency domain. The invention may use the sampling phase error to advance or delay the sampling window (34) used to convert the signal from the time to frequency domain.

Abstract translation: 在该阶段编码信息的数字通信信号可能容易受到许多来源的相位误差的影响。 本发明使用相位校正电路（42）分别校正由一组环路滤波器和VCO（50和54）产生的载波和采样相位误差。 数字锁相环（30）同时跟踪载波相位误差和采样相位误差，并校正频域中的信号。 本发明可以使用采样相位误差来推进或延迟用于将信号从时域转换到频域的采样窗口（34）。

公开(公告)号：WO2003058904A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-17

申请号：PCT/US2002/037532

申请日：2002-11-21

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： KIM, Younggyun ,  RAD, Farshid, R. ,  BRICKNER, Barrett, J. ,  MOON, Jaekyun

IPC: H04L27/00

CPC classification number: H04B7/0848 ,  H04B7/0837 ,  H04L1/06 ,  H04L25/0204 ,  H04L25/03159 ,  H04L25/067 ,  H04L27/38 ,  H04L2025/03414 ,  H04L2025/0342 ,  H04L2025/03426 ,  H04L2027/003 ,  H04L2027/004 ,  H04L2027/0057

Abstract: A wireless communication technique enables equalization, soft mapping (86) and phase error estimation (74) functions to be performed jointly based on multiple observations of a transmitted symbol in wireless communication systems employing receive diversity. Multiple observations of a symbol are obtained from multiple antenna paths in a wireless receiver. Equalization, soft demapping (86), and phase error estimation (74) functions can be integrated within shared hardware, rather than distributed among separate hardware blocks, promoting reduced size, complexity and cost in a wireless receiver.

Abstract translation: 无线通信技术使得能够基于使用接收分集的无线通信系统中的发送符号的多个观测来共同执行均衡，软映射（86）和相位误差估计（74）功能。 从无线接收机中的多个天线路径获得符号的多个观察结果。 均衡，软解映射（86）和相位误差估计（74）功能可以集成在共享硬件中，而不是分布在单独的硬件块之间，从而在无线接收机中减小尺寸，复杂性和成本。

公开(公告)号：WO2003023949A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-20

申请号：PCT/US2002/029518

申请日：2002-09-06

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： RAD, Farshid, R. ,  BRICKNER, Barrett, J.

IPC: H03D1/00

CPC classification number: H03M13/6502 ,  H03M13/3961 ,  H03M13/4107 ,  H04L1/0054 ,  H04L27/2647

Abstract: A decoder rescales state metric values to avoid overflow by resetting a bit in state metric registers (66) that store the state metric values for each state. For example, the decoder (40) may monitor a most significant bit (MSB) of the state metric registers (66) to determine when the state metric values for all of the states exceed a threshold value. Upon exceeding the threshold value, the decoder may rescale the state metric values to avoid overflow. For instance, when the state metric values exceed the threshold value, the MSBs of the state metric registers may be reset. Resetting the MSBs is equivalent to subtracting half of the maximum value of the state metric register. The rescaling technique can prevent state metric value overflow while offering reduced complexity and reduced latency.

Abstract translation: 解码器通过重置存储每个状态的状态度量值的状态度量寄存器（66）中的位来重新调整状态度量值以避免溢出。 例如，解码器（40）可以监视状态度量寄存器（66）的最高有效位（MSB），以确定所有状态的状态量度值何时超过阈值。 当超过阈值时，解码器可以重新缩放状态度量值以避免溢出。 例如，当状态量度值超过阈值时，可以重置状态量度寄存器的MSB。 重置MSB相当于减去状态度量寄存器的最大值的一半。 重新缩放技术可以防止状态度量值溢出，同时提供降低的复杂性和减少的延迟。

公开(公告)号：WO2003019848A2

公开(公告)日：2003-03-06

申请号：PCT/US2002/026193

申请日：2002-08-15

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： MOON, Jaekyun

IPC: H04L1/02

CPC classification number: H04L27/2647 ,  H04L5/0048 ,  H04L25/0228 ,  H04L25/03159 ,  H04L2025/03414 ,  H04L2025/03522

Abstract: A technique for enhanced frequency domain equalization in an OFDM communication receiver enables derivation of a more accurate estimate of channel gain fluctuation by adding an additional frequency tone observation to the estimate. For example, the technique may involve estimation of an unknown, complex, channel-induced gain A based on observation of complex amplitude values for first and second preamble symbols (62, 64) transmitted in an OFDM frame, plus the complex amplitude value for a signal field (66) in the OFDM frame. The enhanced frequency domain equalization technique may be especially useful in a network conforming to the IEEE 802.11a standard.

Abstract translation: 在OFDM通信接收机中用于增强频域均衡的技术使得能够通过向估计添加额外的频率调节观测值来导出更准确的信道增益波动估计。 例如，该技术可以包括基于对在OFDM帧中发送的第一和第二前导码符号（62,64）的复振幅值的观察加上对于一个OFDM帧的复振幅值来估计未知的，复杂的信道诱导增益A 信号场（66）。 增强型频域均衡技术在符合IEEE 802.11a标准的网络中尤其有用。

公开(公告)号：WO2003067453A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-14

申请号：PCT/US2003/003991

申请日：2003-02-07

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： EDWARDS, Paul ,  LAM, Heng-Mun

IPC: G06F15/16

CPC classification number: H04L47/6215 ,  H04L1/16 ,  H04L1/1867 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/14 ,  H04L47/50 ,  H04L63/0435 ,  H04L63/0485 ,  H04L63/08 ,  H04L63/12 ,  H04L63/162 ,  H04W52/0206 ,  H04W52/0209 ,  H04W52/50 ,  H04W52/54 ,  H04W72/12 ,  H04W72/1278 ,  H04W74/00 ,  H04W80/02 ,  H04W84/12 ,  H04W88/02 ,  Y02D70/142

Abstract: A MAC architecture (Fig 2, 24) for WLAN (Fig1, 14) stations (Fig 1, 16) partitions functionality between a software-based MAC component (Fig3, 24A) and a hardware-based MAC component (Fig3, 24B) that work together to balance function and performance (Fig 8). In general, the fulcrum for this balance centers on timing requirements (Fig 12). Accordingly, the hardware-based MAC component is designed to handle many of the functions that are processor-intensive and/or must be performed under strict timing constraints (Fig 6). The software-based MAC component is designed to handle many of the functions that are memory-intensive, but present more lenient timing requirements (Fig 7). The software-based MAC component may be configured to provide an efficient and robust interface to the hardware-based MAC component (Fig 5, 25). In particular, the software-based MAC component may format and prioritize packets to be sent over the air interface (Fig 9) , and generate a command structure that provides instructions for the hardware-based MAC component to process the packet (Fig 10).

Abstract translation: 用于WLAN（图1，14）站（图1,16）的MAC架构（图2,24）在基于软件的MAC组件（图3,24A）和基于硬件的MAC组件（图3,24B）之间分区功能， 一起工作以平衡功能和性能（图8）。 一般来说，这种平衡的支点以时间要求为中心（图12）。 因此，基于硬件的MAC组件被设计为处理在严格的时序约束下处理器密集和/或必须执行的许多功能（图6）。 基于软件的MAC组件设计用于处理许多内存密集的功能，但存在更宽松的时序要求（图7）。 基于软件的MAC组件可以被配置为向基于硬件的MAC组件提供有效且鲁棒的接口（图5,25）。 特别地，基于软件的MAC组件可以对通过空中接口（图9）发送的分组进行格式化和优先级排序，并且生成提供用于处理分组的基于硬件的MAC组件的指令的命令结构（图10）。

公开(公告)号：WO2003021440A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-13

申请号：PCT/US2002/028047

申请日：2002-08-30

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： KIM, Sungwook

IPC: G06F11/00

CPC classification number: H03M13/1157 ,  H03M13/05 ,  H03M13/1117 ,  H03M13/1122 ,  H03M13/1134 ,  H03M13/1137 ,  H03M13/6572 ,  H04L1/0054

Abstract: Architectures for decoding low density parity check codes permit varying degrees of hardware sharing to balance throughput, power consumption and area requirements. The LDPC decoding architectures may be useful in a variety of communication systems in which throughput, power consumption, and area are significant concerns. The decoding architectures implement an approximation of the standard message passing algorithm used for LDPC decoding, thereby reducing computational complexity. Instead of a fully parallel structure, this approximation permits at least a portion of the message passing structure between check and bit nodes to be implemented in a block-serial mode, providing reduced area without substantial added latency.

Abstract translation: 用于解码低密度奇偶校验码的架构允许不同程度的硬件共享来平衡吞吐量，功耗和面积要求。 LDPC解码架构可能在其中吞吐量，功耗和面积是重要问题的各种通信系统中是有用的。 解码架构实现了用于LDPC解码的标准消息传递算法的近似，从而降低了计算复杂度。 代替完全并行的结构，这种近似允许以块串行模式实现检查和位节点之间的消息传递结构的至少一部分，从而提供减少的面积而没有实质的附加延迟。

公开(公告)号：WO2003017608A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-27

申请号：PCT/US2002/026194

申请日：2002-08-15

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： KIM, Younggyun ,  MOON, Jaekyun

IPC: H04L27/06

CPC classification number: H04W28/18 ,  H04B7/0848 ,  H04B7/0854 ,  H04B7/0857 ,  H04L1/06 ,  H04L27/2657 ,  H04L27/2662 ,  H04L27/2675 ,  H04W56/00 ,  H04W84/12

Abstract: A digital front-end for a wireless communication system incorporates gain control (60), signal detection (66), frame synchronization (64) and carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation (66) and correction (68A and 68B) features configured for use with multiple receive antennas. The digital front-end may be applied to a wireless communication system in which transmitted signals carry a repeated signal pattern, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. An example of a repeated signal pattern is the preamble of a signal transmitted according to the IEEE 802.11a wireless local area network (WLAN) standard. The signal detection, frame synchronization, and CFO estimation techniques make use of signals received from multiple antenna paths to provide enhanced performance. The gain control feature may be configured to adjust the gain in steps. The frame synchronization technique may operate as a function of gain control, handling the input signal differently before and after gain adjustment.

Abstract translation: 用于无线通信系统的数字前端包括配置为使用的增益控制（60），信号检测（66），帧同步（64）和载波频率偏移（CFO）估计（66）和校正（68A和68B） 具有多个接收天线。 数字前端可以应用于其中发送的信号携带重复信号模式的无线通信系统，例如正交频分复用（OFDM）系统。 重复信号模式的示例是根据IEEE 802.11a无线局域网（WLAN）标准发送的信号的前导码。 信号检测，帧同步和CFO估计技术利用从多个天线路径接收的信号来提供增强的性能。 增益控制功能可以被配置为逐步调整增益。 帧同步技术可以作为增益控制的功能来操作，在增益调整之前和之后处理输入信号不同。

公开(公告)号：WO2004019445A2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-04

申请号：PCT/US2003/021960

申请日：2003-07-16

Applicant: BERMAI, INC.

Inventor： SIEGLER II, Michael, J. ,  SAINATI, Robert

IPC: H01Q

CPC classification number: H01Q9/285 ,  H01Q1/243

Abstract: The invention provides a multi-layer antenna structure for use in a wireless communication system. The antenna may be integrated within a multi-layer circuit structure such as a multi-layer printed circuit board. The multi-layer antenna structure may include, for example, a radiating component and a conductive strip feed-line that electromagnetically couples to the radiating component to directly feed the radiating component. The conductive strip feed-line may be fabricated to form a balun. The conductive strip feed-line may, for example, form a quarter-wavelength open circuit in order to realize the balun. The balun may perform signal transformations, e.g., unbalanced to balanced, as well as impedance transformations. The radiating component and the conductive strip feed-line forming the balun may be formed on different layers of a multi-layer circuit structure.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于无线通信系统的多层天线结构。 天线可以集成在诸如多层印刷电路板的多层电路结构中。 多层天线结构可以包括例如电磁耦合到辐射部件以直接馈送辐射部件的辐射部件和导电条馈送线。 可以制造导电条馈送线以形成平衡 - 不平衡变换器。 导电条馈电线可以例如形成四分之一波长的开路以实现平衡 - 不平衡转换。 平衡 - 不平衡变换器可以执行信号变换，例如不平衡到平衡以及阻抗变换。 形成平衡 - 不平衡转换器的辐射元件和导电条馈送线可以形成在多层电路结构的不同层上。

公开(公告)号：WO2004017363A2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-26

申请号：PCT/US0321959

申请日：2003-07-16

Applicant: BERMAI INC

Inventor： CHEUNG PHILIP ,  HARJANI RAMESH

IPC: H01P5/10 ,  H01L

CPC classification number: H01P5/10

Abstract: In general, the invention is directed to integration of passive radio frequency (RF) structures with at least one integrated circuit in a single integrated circuit (IC) package. An IC package in accordance with the invention may include, for example, a radio IC, a digital IC, a passive radio frequency balun as well as additional passive RF structures or ICs. Additionally, passive electronic components may further be incorporated in the IC package. For example, the IC package may include a resistor, capacitor, inductor or the like. The components of the IC package may be distributed throughout layers of a multi­layer IC package, such as a multi-layer ceramic package. The different ICs and the passive RF structures may be electrically coupled via conductive traces, which may be varied in thickness and length in order to match input and output impedances of the different ICs and passive RF structures.

Abstract translation: 通常，本发明涉及将无源射频（RF）结构与单个集成电路（IC）封装中的至少一个集成电路集成。 根据本发明的IC封装可以包括例如无线电IC，数字IC，无源射频平衡 - 不平衡变换器以及附加的无源RF结构或IC。 此外，无源电子部件还可以并入IC封装中。 例如，IC封装可以包括电阻器，电容器，电感器等。 IC封装的部件可以分布在诸如多层陶瓷封装的多层IC封装的整个层中。 不同的IC和无源RF结构可以经由导电迹线电耦合，导电迹线可以在厚度和长度上变化，以便匹配不同IC和无源RF结构的输入和输出阻抗。