Abstract:
A method and apparatus for directing gas at cryogenic temperatures onto at least some of the contact surfaces of machinery used in a cutting process. The gas is supplied at a relatively high flow rate (preferably exceeding 1000 SCFH) and at cryogenic temperatures (e.g., below -70 degrees C). The temperature at which the coolant gas is supplied is preferably maintained within ±5 degrees F (±3 degrees C).
Abstract:
A machining method and an article manufactured therefrom, the method improving mechanical properties in a work surface by performing a very shallow machining pass using a cutting tool, in combination with application of a cryogenic fluid to the work surface and the cutting tool, the combination compressive force and cryogenic cooling increasing hardness, increasing compressive residual stress, and reducing surface roughness in the manufactured article.
Abstract:
A photonic band gap fiber and method of making thereof is provided. The fiber is made of a non-silica-based glass and has a longitudinal central opening, a microstructured region having a plurality of longitudinal surrounding openings, and a jacket. The air fill fraction of the microstructured region is at least about 40%. The fiber may be made by drawing a preform into a fiber, while applying gas pressure to the microstructured region. The air fill fraction of the microstructured region is changed during the drawing.
Abstract:
Electromotive delivery of macromolecules can be provided using a delivery device including a first chamber for contacting a macromolecule delivery medium to a surface of a tissue or other anatomy of a patient; and a second chamber for contacting a receiving medium to the patient. A first electrode can be disposed in the first chamber so as to not directly contact the macromolecule delivery medium. A second medium having a buffering agent can be used to keep the first electrode from coming into direct contact with the macromolecule delivery medium. A second electrode can be disposed within the receiving medium in the second chamber such that the second electrode does not directly contact the patient. An electric field can be generated using the first and second electrodes in order to cause the macromolecule delivery medium to move into the tissue of interest from the first chamber of the delivery device.
Abstract:
The subject invention provides novel devices and methods for the detection and quantification of neutrophil elastase activity in biological samples.
Abstract:
The subject invention presides novel devices and methods for the measurement of nitric oxide in biological samples, including wound fluid samples. These advantageous devices and methods can be used for clinicians to monitor the wound's nitric oxide metabolism and/or response to treatment.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods of joining two or more double-stranded (ds) or single- stranded (ss) DNA molecules of interest in vitro , wherein the distal region of the first DNA molecule and the proximal region of the second DNA molecule of each pair share a region of sequence identity. The method allows the joining of a large number of DNA fragments, in a predetermined order and orientation, without the use of restriction enzymes. It can be used, e.g. , to join synthetically produced sub-fragments of a gene or genome of interest. Kits for performing the method are also disclosed. The methods of joining DNA molecules may be used to generate combinatorial libraries useful to generate, for example, optimal protein expression through codon optimization, gene optimization, and pathway optimization.
Abstract:
A method to assemble any desired nucleic acid molecule by combining cassettes in vitro to form assemblies which are further combined in vivo, or by assembling large numbers of DNA fragments by recombination in a yeast culture to obtain desired DNA molecules of substantial size is described.
Abstract:
The present invention relates, e.g., to an in vitro method, using isolated protein reagents, for joining two double-stranded (ds) DNA molecules of interest, wherein the distal region of the first DNA molecule and the proximal region of the second DNA molecule share a region of sequence identity, comprising (a) chewing back the DNA molecules with an enzyme having an exonuclease activity, to yield single-stranded overhanging portions of each DNA molecule which contain a sufficient length of the region of sequence identity to hybridize specifically to each other; (b) specifically annealing the single-stranded overhangs; and (c) repairing single-stranded gaps in the annealed DNA molecules and sealing the nicks thus formed (ligating the nicked DNA molecules). The region of sequence identity generally comprises at least 20 non-palindromic nucleotides (nt), e.g., at least about 40 non-palindromic nt. In some embodiments of the invention, about 5% PEG is present during all steps of the reaction, and/or the repair reaction is achieved with Taq DNA polymerase and a compatible ligase, such as Taq DNA ligase. The method allows the joining of a number of DNA fragments, in a predetermined order and orientation, without the use of restriction enzymes. It can be used, e.g., to join synthetically produced sub-fragments of a gene or genome of interest.
Abstract:
An electronic assembly and method for making the same includes a flexible substrate and a protective layer arranged adjacent to one side of the substrate. The protective layer has a first thickness and defines at least one hole. A first electrical component has a second thickness that is less than or equal to the first thickness. The first electrical component is received in the hole in the protective layer.